JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2018.263970.1276 توسعه پایدار روستایی جایگاه کشاورزی سنتی و مدرن در پایداری اجتماعات روستایی با توجه به معرفی نظریه شبکه روستایی "rural web" جایگاه کشاورزی سنتی و مدرن در پایداری اجتماعات روستایی حسنی سید قاسم استادیار مردم شناسی گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران. بابلسر، ایران. 22 05 2019 10 1 6 19 28 08 2018 02 12 2018 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_70087.html

کشاورزی نقش اساسی و تعیین کننده‌ای در سرنوشت جامعه روستایی مازندران دارد و با تغییراتی که برای آن رخ می‌دهد، پایداری جوامع روستایی نیز تحت تأثیر آن قرار می‌گیرد. هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی دو نوع کشاورزی سنتی و مدرن و رابطه آن با سیستم پایداری روستایی است. جامعه موردمطالعه در این تحقیق شامل اجتماعات روستایی در شهرستان آمل است که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، نمونه‌ای به حجم 77 نفر از افراد کشاورز که دارای سابقه طولانی کشاورزی بودند و تجربه دو نوع کشاورزی سنتی و مدرن را داشتند انتخاب گردیدند. در این تحقیق از ابزار پرسشنامه و مصاحبه استفاده شده است. بر اساس نتایج تحقیق درمجموع کشاورزی سنتی با سیستم پایداری تأثیر مستقیم دارد و می‌توان آن را نوعی از کشاورزی پایدار قلمداد کرد. هر آنچه کشاورزی روستایی به سمت مدرن شدن می‌رود به شدت بر پایداری روستایی اثر منفی دارد. با توجه به تأکید بر کشاورزی پایدار، پیشنهاد آن است که کشاورزی مدرن صرفاً در جهت منافع اقتصادی و سودبَری سوق نیابد و نگرش کشاورز از این که از کشاورزی مدرن می‌توان بیشترین سود حاصل گردد تغییر کند.

 کشاورزی سنتی کشاورزی مدرن مدل نظری شبکه روستایی پایداری مازندران Hansen, J.w. (1996). Is Agricultural Sustainability A Useful Concept? Agricultural Systems 50(2): 117–143 Harwood, R.r. (1990). A History Of Sustainable Agriculture. P. 3-19. In: C.a. Edwards, R. Lal, P. Madden, R. Millerand G. House (Eds.). Sustainable Agricultural Systems. Soil And Water Conservation Society, Ankeny, Ia. Hayati, D., Ranjbar, Z. & Karami, E. (2010). Measuring Agricultural Sustainability. In: Biodiversity, Biofuels, Agroforestry And Conservation Agriculture, Pp. 73–100. Springer Netherlands. Geertz, C. (1963). Agricultural Involution: The Processes Of Ecological Change Inindonesia. Berkeley, University Of California Press. Guinjoan Eloi.anna Badia,Antoni F. Tulla. (2016). The New Paradigm Of Rural  Development. Using The Rural Web.. Boletín De La Asociación De Geógrafosspañoles N.º 71 -Págs. 495-500 Marsden, T. And Sonnino, R. (2008). «Rural Development And The Regional State: Den‌Ying Multifunctional Agriculture In The Uk». Journal Of Rural Studies, Nº24 (4), 422-431. Marsden, T. (2010) Mobilising The Regional Eco-Economy:evolving Webs Of Agri-Food And Rural Development Inthe Uk, Cambridge Journal Of Regions. Economy And Society 3: 225–244. Messely, L., Rogge, E. And Dessein, J. (2013). «Using The Rural Web In Dialogue With Regional Stakeholders». Journal Of Rural Studies, Nº32, 400-410. Morse, P.m. (1998). Sustainable Development: Chemical Companies Face Trying Task In Moving Efforts Forward. Chem.and Eng. News. August:13. Nrc (National Research Council). (1993). Sustainable Agriculture And The Environment In The Humid Tropics. Committee On Sustainable Agriculture And Environment In The Humid Tropics, National Academy Of Sciences,Washington, D. C. Pike, A., Rodríguez-Pose, A. And Tomaney, J. (2007). «What Kind Of Local And Regional Development And For Whom?» Regional Studies, Nº41 (9), 1253-1269. Posey , D. A. (1999). Introduction: Culture And Nature - The Inextricable Link. In D. A. Posey (Ed), Cultural And Spiritual Values Of Biodiversity, Pp. 3-16.United Nations Environmental Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. Rao P.k. (2000). Sustainable Development: Economics And Policy, Oxford, Uk, Black, P81 Raynor, B. (1994). Resource Management In Upland Forests Of Pohnpei: Pastpractices And Future Possibilities. Isla: A Journal Of Micronesian Studies 2:47-66. Raynor, B., & M. Kostka. (2004). Back To The Future: Using Traditional Knowledgeto Strengthen Biodiversity Conservation In Pohnpei, Federated States Of Micronesia. Ethnobotany Research & Applications 1: 70-79. Slikkerveer, L. J. (1999). Ethnoscience, ‘Tek’ And Its Application To Conservation: Introduction. In D. A. Posey (Ed), Cultural And Spiritual Values Of Biodiversity, Pp. 169-177. United Nations Environmental Programme,Nairobi, Kenya. Soubbotina, Tatyana P. (2004). Beyond Economic Growth: An Introduction To Sustainable Development, Second Edition (Pdf), Wbi Learning Resources Series, World Bank Institute United Nations General Assembly. (2009). Report Of The World Commission On Environment And Development: Our Common Future. Transmitted To The General Assembly As An Annex To Document A/42/427 – Development And International Co-Operation: Environment. United Nations General Assembly .(2010). "Report Of The World Commission On Environment And Development: Our Common Future; Transmitted To The General Assembly As An Annex To Document A/42/427 – Development And International Co-Operation: Environment; Our Common Future, Chapter 2: Towards Sustainable Development; Paragraph 1". United Nations General Assembly. Retrieved 1 March. Van Der Ploeg, J.d. And Marsden, T. (2008). Unfolding Webs: The Dynamics Of Regional Rural Development. Assen. Royal Van Gorcum. Ward, N., Atterton, J., Kim, T.-Y., Lowe, P., Phillipson, J. And Thompson, N. (2005). «Universities, The Knowledge Economy And ‘Neo-Endogenous Rural Develop‌Ment’». Centre For Rural Economy Discussion Paper Series, Nº1, 1-15. Woods, M. (2011). Rural (Key Ideas in Geography). Oxon And New York. Routledge. Zhen, L. & Routray, J.k. (2003). Operational Indicators For Measuring Agricultural Sustainability In Developing Countries. Environmental Management 32(1): 34–46._||_ Hansen, J.w. (1996). Is Agricultural Sustainability A Useful Concept? Agricultural Systems 50(2): 117–143 Harwood, R.r. (1990). A History Of Sustainable Agriculture. P. 3-19. In: C.a. Edwards, R. Lal, P. Madden, R. Millerand G. House (Eds.). Sustainable Agricultural Systems. Soil And Water Conservation Society, Ankeny, Ia. Hayati, D., Ranjbar, Z. & Karami, E. (2010). Measuring Agricultural Sustainability. In: Biodiversity, Biofuels, Agroforestry And Conservation Agriculture, Pp. 73–100. Springer Netherlands. Geertz, C. (1963). Agricultural Involution: The Processes Of Ecological Change Inindonesia. Berkeley, University Of California Press. Guinjoan Eloi.anna Badia,Antoni F. Tulla. (2016). The New Paradigm Of Rural  Development. Using The Rural Web.. Boletín De La Asociación De Geógrafosspañoles N.º 71 -Págs. 495-500 Marsden, T. And Sonnino, R. (2008). «Rural Development And The Regional State: Den‌Ying Multifunctional Agriculture In The Uk». Journal Of Rural Studies, Nº24 (4), 422-431. Marsden, T. (2010) Mobilising The Regional Eco-Economy:evolving Webs Of Agri-Food And Rural Development Inthe Uk, Cambridge Journal Of Regions. Economy And Society 3: 225–244. Messely, L., Rogge, E. And Dessein, J. (2013). «Using The Rural Web In Dialogue With Regional Stakeholders». Journal Of Rural Studies, Nº32, 400-410. Morse, P.m. (1998). Sustainable Development: Chemical Companies Face Trying Task In Moving Efforts Forward. Chem.and Eng. News. August:13. Nrc (National Research Council). (1993). Sustainable Agriculture And The Environment In The Humid Tropics. Committee On Sustainable Agriculture And Environment In The Humid Tropics, National Academy Of Sciences,Washington, D. C. Pike, A., Rodríguez-Pose, A. And Tomaney, J. (2007). «What Kind Of Local And Regional Development And For Whom?» Regional Studies, Nº41 (9), 1253-1269. Posey , D. A. (1999). Introduction: Culture And Nature - The Inextricable Link. In D. A. Posey (Ed), Cultural And Spiritual Values Of Biodiversity, Pp. 3-16.United Nations Environmental Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. Rao P.k. (2000). Sustainable Development: Economics And Policy, Oxford, Uk, Black, P81 Raynor, B. (1994). Resource Management In Upland Forests Of Pohnpei: Pastpractices And Future Possibilities. Isla: A Journal Of Micronesian Studies 2:47-66. Raynor, B., & M. Kostka. (2004). Back To The Future: Using Traditional Knowledgeto Strengthen Biodiversity Conservation In Pohnpei, Federated States Of Micronesia. Ethnobotany Research & Applications 1: 70-79. Slikkerveer, L. J. (1999). Ethnoscience, ‘Tek’ And Its Application To Conservation: Introduction. In D. A. Posey (Ed), Cultural And Spiritual Values Of Biodiversity, Pp. 169-177. United Nations Environmental Programme,Nairobi, Kenya. Soubbotina, Tatyana P. (2004). Beyond Economic Growth: An Introduction To Sustainable Development, Second Edition (Pdf), Wbi Learning Resources Series, World Bank Institute United Nations General Assembly. (2009). Report Of The World Commission On Environment And Development: Our Common Future. Transmitted To The General Assembly As An Annex To Document A/42/427 – Development And International Co-Operation: Environment. United Nations General Assembly .(2010). "Report Of The World Commission On Environment And Development: Our Common Future; Transmitted To The General Assembly As An Annex To Document A/42/427 – Development And International Co-Operation: Environment; Our Common Future, Chapter 2: Towards Sustainable Development; Paragraph 1". United Nations General Assembly. Retrieved 1 March. Van Der Ploeg, J.d. And Marsden, T. (2008). Unfolding Webs: The Dynamics Of Regional Rural Development. Assen. Royal Van Gorcum. Ward, N., Atterton, J., Kim, T.-Y., Lowe, P., Phillipson, J. And Thompson, N. (2005). «Universities, The Knowledge Economy And ‘Neo-Endogenous Rural Develop‌Ment’». Centre For Rural Economy Discussion Paper Series, Nº1, 1-15. Woods, M. (2011). Rural (Key Ideas in Geography). Oxon And New York. Routledge. Zhen, L. & Routray, J.k. (2003). Operational Indicators For Measuring Agricultural Sustainability In Developing Countries. Environmental Management 32(1): 34–46.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.255478.1242 توسعه پایدار روستایی تحلیل میراث فرهنگی خانه‌های تاریخی روستای کزج با رویکرد تفسیری تحلیل میراث فرهنگی خانه‌های تاریخی روستای کزج با رویکرد تفسیری افخمی بهروز استادیار، گروه باستان‌شناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران. زینالی محمد کارشناس ارشد، علوم اجتماعی، اداره کل بهزستی استان اردبیل، اردبیل، ایران. 22 05 2019 10 1 20 33 08 04 2018 07 03 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_70081.html

در دنیای معاصر محوطه‌های میراث فرهنگی نقش مهمی در توسعه محلی دارند؛ اما به نظر می‌رسد در کشور ایران توسعه محلی بر مبانی میراث فرهنگی  چندان موضوعیت نداشته است. باوجود غنای میراث فرهنگی ملموس همانند بافت‌ها و بناهای تاریخی و پراکنش آن در نقاط کمتر توسعه‌یافته و روستایی کشور، میراث فرهنگی به‌عنوان یک عنصر توسعه‌ای مطلوب تاکنون بشمار نیامده است. این مقاله با رویکرد تفسیری، «خانه»‌های تاریخی مردم روستای کزج را موردمطالعه قرار داده و تفسیر خانه‌های روستایی را رهیافتی مطلوب در راستای توسعه محلی و شناسایی ارزش‌های محلی می‌داند؛ خانه‌های تاریخی درواقع میراث مادی باارزش در دسترسی هستند که می‌توانند روشنگری‌های ویژه‌ای را در ارتباط با بافت جوامع گذشته فراهم ‌آورند. تحقیق حاضر از طریق روش تفسیری هرمنوتیکی بر اساس توصیف معماری تاریخی در روستای «کزج»، تجارب زیسته ساکنان خانه‌های این روستا را موردمطالعه قرار می‌دهد. در این راستا منظر فرهنگی روستا با جمع‌آوری داده‌های کوچک‌تر؛ توصیفی پدیدارشناسانه شده و از طریق دور هرمنوتیکی، سه مرحله از زندگی بشری استحصال و تفسیر شده است.

 میراث فرهنگی خانه‌های تاریخی پدیدارشناسی توسعه روستایی کزج Afkhami, Behrouz (2018), Cultural and Natural Values of Sabalan Mountains to Inscription in UNESCO World Heritage List, Science Cultivation, Vol 8, No. 1, January 2018 Asgari Khangah; Mohammad Sharif Kamali, ( 2008), General Antropology; Tehran ; Samt Pub.; 5th edition. (In Persian) B Lees, William (2008); “Historical Archaeology/as Discipline”, Encyclopedia of Archaeology, editor in chief De Borah M. Pearsall, Pages 1438-1443, Academic Press, New York. Bahar, Mehrdad, (2012), Research in Iran’s mythology, The first and second parts; Tehran Agah Pub. 9th edition. (In Persian) Benavides, O Hugo(2008); “Development and Archaeology”, Encyclopedia of Archaeology, editor in chief De Borah M. Pearsall, Pages 1088-1093, Academic Press, New York.  Berya, (2008), Sustainable Desert Houses, from a place to live to a desert community; Translated by Mehran Mahmudi; Develop of Geography Pub. 23rd period, No.1 (In Persian) Boyer Jean Pierre, (2012), Fire encoding, Tehran, Nashr Markaz, 3rd edition.(In Persian) Choi, Andy S. Brent W. Ritchie, Franco papandrea, Jeff Bennett ,(2010), Economic valuation of Cultural Heritage Sites: A choice Modeling approach, Tourism management 31, pp: 231-220. Daeipur, Zeinab,(2014), The relationship between presence of nature and increase of belonging sense in trasitional Iranian houses; Baq Nazar Pub., 11th year; No.30 (In Persian) Eftekhari, rokn-o- din ,A., mahdavi, D., poor taheri, M. (2011). Sustainability Assessment of tourism in cultural- historical villages of Iran with an emphasis on sustainable tourism development paradigm. 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[Identification and Validation of Effective Indicators and Factors of Environmental Quality in Branding of Rural Tourism Destinations Using Thematic analysis Method (Case: Ethno-cultural Region of Oramanat in Kurdistan and Kermanshah Provinces) (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 8(2):318-345. http://dx.doi.org/10.22059/JRUR.2017.62675 Rindler Wolfgang, (2011), Special relativity and cosmology, Translated by Reza Mansuri and Hosein Ma’sumi Hamedani; Tehran; Academic Publication Center; 4th edition; (In Persian) Sakolovsky, Robert, (2005), An introduction to phenomenology; Translated by Mohammad Reza Qorbani; Gam-e Nou Pub.; Tehran; (In Persian) Salehei, S., Aflaki, Z., Mousazadeh, H., & Zangiabadi, Z. (2016). An assessment of Geo-Sites Using Fasilous and Nicholas Method (Case Study: Villages of Chahardangeh, City of Sari). Journal of Rural Research, 7(2), 300-315. 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Bahar, Mehrdad, (2012), Research in Iran’s mythology, The first and second parts; Tehran Agah Pub. 9th edition. (In Persian) Benavides, O Hugo(2008); “Development and Archaeology”, Encyclopedia of Archaeology, editor in chief De Borah M. Pearsall, Pages 1088-1093, Academic Press, New York.  Berya, (2008), Sustainable Desert Houses, from a place to live to a desert community; Translated by Mehran Mahmudi; Develop of Geography Pub. 23rd period, No.1 (In Persian) Boyer Jean Pierre, (2012), Fire encoding, Tehran, Nashr Markaz, 3rd edition.(In Persian) Choi, Andy S. Brent W. Ritchie, Franco papandrea, Jeff Bennett ,(2010), Economic valuation of Cultural Heritage Sites: A choice Modeling approach, Tourism management 31, pp: 231-220. Daeipur, Zeinab,(2014), The relationship between presence of nature and increase of belonging sense in trasitional Iranian houses; Baq Nazar Pub., 11th year; No.30 (In Persian) Eftekhari, rokn-o- din ,A., mahdavi, D., poor taheri, M. (2011). Sustainability Assessment of tourism in cultural- historical villages of Iran with an emphasis on sustainable tourism development paradigm. Tourism Management Studies, 5(14), 1-39 Flennery, Kent,(1999), Initiation of rural settlement: A comparison between the architecture of the early villages in the Near East and Central America; Translated by Kamyar Abdi; Asar Journal; Spring and Summer, No.31 and 32; (In Persian) Foster, Catherine P (2013); “Households in the Ancient Near East, Archaeology of”, Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, Editor in chief Claire Smith, Pages 3500-3507, Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London (eBook). Foucault, Michel,(2012), Theater of philosophy; Translated by Nikon Sarkhosh and Afshin Jahandide; Tehran, Nei Pub.; 3rd edition; (In Persian) Giran, F.L Dallaport; Lakeau G.(2010),The myths of Assyria and Babylon; Translated by Abulqasem Esmailpur; Tehran; Qatre Pub.; 4th edition; (In Persian) Heidegger, Martin (2010) Existence and time (Sein Und Zeit) taraleted by Siavash Jamadi, Tehran, Phoenix, Fourth Edition Homayun, Gholam Ali, (1974), the art of the inhabitants of the Paleolithic to the beginning of history; Historical studies journal; 9th year; No.4 (In Persian) Housing Foundation of the Islamic Revolutionary, 2007, Ardebil porovince,’Constructor’s Guide to the village of Kazaj’. Inwood Michael, (2010), Hegel’s philosophical culture; Translated by Hassan Mortezavi, Mashhad, Nika Pub. 2nd edition. (In Persian) Jameson, John (2008); “Interpretation of Archaeology for the Public”, Encyclopedia of Archaeology, editor in chief De Borah M. Pearsall, Pages 1529-1543, Academic Press, New York.  Janker, Barbara. (2009). Aristotle philosophy; Translated by Mahdad Irani Talab; Tehran; Information Pub; 1st edition. Keramati, Ghazal;(2011), Manifestations of the nature of the lost voices in the Iranian Houses; paper collection; Dialogue in literature and art; Sokhan Pub.; 1st edition. (In Persian)  Khakpur, Majgan, (2006), Building Shaklil houses in Gilan; 2007 Fine Arts magazine; No.25. (In Persian) Mahmudi Nejad, Hadi; Mohammad Reza, PurJafari; Mohammad Reza, Bemanian; Mojtaba Ansari; Ali Akbar, Taqvaei(2008); Phenomenology of urban environment: A survey on development of the space concept as an urban place; Environmental Science and Ttechnology; 10th period; No.4(In Persian) Malek Shahmirzadi, Sadeqi ;( 2008), Iran in prehistory era; archaeological research; Research institute for cultural heritage and tourism research, Tehran; (In Persian) Orser Jr, Charles E. (2008); “Historical Archaeology/Methods”, Encyclopedia of Archaeology, editor in chief De Borah M. Pearsall, Pages 1445-1447, Academic Press, New York. Orser Jr, Charles E. (2010); Twenty-First-Century Historical Archaeology; Journal of Archaeological Reserch, vol 18, pp: 111-150. Partovi, Parvin. (2013), Phenomenology of place, Tehran, Art Culture Center, No.1. (In Persian) Penelope. Allison. (2008), “Household archaeology”, Encyclopedia of Archaeology, ed. by Deborah M. Pearsall, Pages 1449-1458. Academic Press, New York. Qarashi, Amanollah, (2010), Water and mountain in the Indian mythology and, Tehran; Hermes Pub. 2nd edition. (In Persian) Rafi Far, Jalaedin, (2002), The emergence and transformation of art anthropology; Tehran, Barg-e-Zeitun Pub.; 1st edition. (In Persian) Rezai Nia, abas; Hayede, Lale,( 2014),Critical analysis of the hypotheses concerning Porch’s origin; Noz.PP.59-71(In Persian) Rezvani, M. R., Faraji Sabokbar, H. A., Darban Astaneh, A., & Karimi, S. H. (2017). [Identification and Validation of Effective Indicators and Factors of Environmental Quality in Branding of Rural Tourism Destinations Using Thematic analysis Method (Case: Ethno-cultural Region of Oramanat in Kurdistan and Kermanshah Provinces) (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 8(2):318-345. http://dx.doi.org/10.22059/JRUR.2017.62675 Rindler Wolfgang, (2011), Special relativity and cosmology, Translated by Reza Mansuri and Hosein Ma’sumi Hamedani; Tehran; Academic Publication Center; 4th edition; (In Persian) Sakolovsky, Robert, (2005), An introduction to phenomenology; Translated by Mohammad Reza Qorbani; Gam-e Nou Pub.; Tehran; (In Persian) Salehei, S., Aflaki, Z., Mousazadeh, H., & Zangiabadi, Z. (2016). An assessment of Geo-Sites Using Fasilous and Nicholas Method (Case Study: Villages of Chahardangeh, City of Sari). Journal of Rural Research, 7(2), 300-315. 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JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.262446.1268 مسکن روستایی بررسی تطبیقی الگوهای مکان - رفتار در مساکن قبل و بعد از زلزله روستای زلزله زده سرند بررسی تطبیقی الگوهای مکان - رفتار در مساکن قبل و بعد از زلزله روستای زلزله زده سرند قره بگلو مینو دانشیار، گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران. فرخی شهین دانشجوی دکتری معماری اسلامی، گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران. 22 05 2019 10 1 34 49 21 07 2018 05 01 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_70085.html

روستای سرند از توابع شهرستان هریس در زلزله آذربایجان شرقی 1391 دچار تخریب صد در صد گردید. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، شناخت و بررسی روند بازسازی و الگوی مسکن ارائه شده برای آسیب‌دیدگان و مقایسه آن با الگوهای پیشین و نیز ارزیابی تطبیقی الگوهای مکان-رفتاری در دو وضعیت قبل و بعد از زلزله و روشن شدن نواقص و مشکلات به وجود آمده جهت رفع آن در حوادث بعدی است. در راستای رسیدن به اهداف مورد نظر، علاوه بر مطالعه اسناد و مدارک موجود، از پیمایش محیطی نیز استفاده شده است، بدین منظور  از روش اکتشافی ـ توصیفی در کل پژوهش بهره گرفته شده است. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که الگوهای مکان- رفتار بعد از زلزله مساکن روستای سرند تفاوت اساسی با الگوهای قبل از زلزله داشته و به دلیل شتاب‌زده بودن بازسازی توجهی به الگوهای سنتی و بومی و مشارکت اهالی روستا، همچنین معیشت روستائیان نشده است. علاوه بر این نتایج نشان می‌دهد زبان الگوی خانه‌های جدید (بعد از زلزله) در مقابل زبان الگوی خانه‌های سنتی، قرار دارد. همچنین در مورد الگوهای انسانی می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که الگوهای مکان-رفتار خانه‌های سنتی به الگوهای کالبد-عملکرد در خانه‌های جدید تقلیل یافته‌اند. لذا می‌توان گفت با همکاری و مشارکت دادن روستائیان در بازسازی و استفاده از تجربه و اندیشه آنان و به‌کارگیری اصول سنتی و بومی تا حد لزوم می‌توان تا حدودی زیادی از شدت مشکلات احتمالی در آینده کاست.

 بازسازی مسکن روستایی الگوهای مکان-رفتار قرارگاه رفتار روستای سرند Akbari, R., & Gaderian, M. (2014). Typology of Village Texture; The First Step in Village Perspective (Case Study of Typhology: Yazd Village Village Textures. Journal of Human Geographic Research, 46(3), 635-656. Alalhesabi, M., & Ganjizadeh, N. (2015). Hierarchy of rural home and its application in the spatial correction of rural housing. Examination of the principles of hierarchy of design in rural homes in Khorasan province. National Conference on Sustainable Agriculture. Paper presented at the Environment and Rural Development., Iran. Anabastani, A., Anzai, E., & Behzadi, S. (2016). The Effect of Rural Housing Patterns on Cultural and Social Change of Villagers Case Study: Neka City,. Space Economics and Rural Development, 2, 21-42. Asadi, Z., Porramazan, I., & Molaei Hashjin, N. ( 2016). The Role of Participation in Rural Development of the Khoshkebijar of Rasht. Quarterly journal of space economics and rural development, 1, 61-82. Askari Rabari, A., Abbaszadeh, Sh., & Abroon, A. A. (2016). An analysis of effective physicalspatial elements in rural housing (Case study: Villages of Dizbad-e-Bala, Frizi, and Aydalik). Journal of Research & Rural Planning, 4(4), 177-193 Azizpour, F. (2016). Modernity and physical-space transformation of rural settlements of Iran. Quarterly Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 155, 37-50. Barker, R. G. (1968). Ecological Psychology: Concepts and Methods for Studying the Environment of Human Behavior. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Bentley, Y. (2003). Responsive environments. (M. Behzadfar, Trans.): Tehran University of Science and Technology. Daneshgar Moghadam, G., Habibi, H., & Einifar, A. (2011). The analysis of the social nature of the physical environment influenced by the perception of nature in the human environment. Fine Arts, 3(45), 38-27. Del, s. (2011). Sustainable landscape for everyone (T. A. a. others, Trans.). Tehran: Rahahr International. Golabchi, M., & Tayebat, M. (2007). Causes of Incompatibility of Rural Residential Buildings against Earthquakes and Providing Construction Pattern Based on Local Facilities and Abilities Case Study: Zarand Kerman Villages. Fine Arts, 30, 31-42. Gunce, K., Erturk, Z., & Erturk, S. (2007). Questioning the ‘‘prototype dwellings’’ in the framework of Cyprus traditional architecture. Building and Environment, 43(823–833). Habibi, M., Barol, S., Khojaste, M., & Negahdarikia, P. (2010). Rural design, sustainable partnership and development. Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 132, 3-16. Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation, D. o. R. D. (2012). Office of Planning and Coordination of Plans, Guide to Rural Land Use Studies. Publications: Sharif. Karam, A., Hoje froshnia, S., & Hakimi, H. (2012). Assessment and Analysis of Perspective Consistency, A New Approach to Environmental Planning Case Study: Kashan-Aran District. Geography and Environmental Studies, 3(29-44). Khodadadeh, Y., & Ziaei, M. (2008). Study of existing tents bugs for temporary resettlement of earthquakes in Iran and presenting a proposed Bouncy tent. Fine Arts, 33, 57-68. Lang, J. (1987). Creating Architectural Theory: The role of behavioral science in environmental design. New YorkVan Nostrand Reinhold. Pirbabai, M., & Farrokhi, M. (2011). A reflection on the concept of urban landscape in Iranian-Islamic cities from the past to the present. Paper presented at the The first national conference and Islamic urbanism., Iran. Sartipipour, M. (2013). The architecture of native populated homes in the provinces of Markazi province. Journal of Physical-Spatial Planning, 3, 25-36. Shafaei, M., & Madani, R. (2011). Explaining research methodology in designing rural housing pattern. Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 7, 17-30. Shirvaniyan, A., & Bakhshude, M. (2012). Rural Housing Poverty and its Coping Strategies in Iran. Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 140(101-115). Tagvaei, A., Bahrampour, M., & Shahin Rad, M. (2009). Restoration of rural housing after disaster; pathology-guideline. Armanshahr, 2, 105-112. Yadgar, A., & Pourruhani, M. (2012). Criteria for assessing the quality of rural and rural settlements. Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 139, 51-66. Zargar, A., & Hatami Khangahi, T. (2014). Effective Factors on the Design of Rural Homes. Residential and rural environment quarterly, 148, 45-62. Zargar, A., Sartypipour, M., Miri, H., & Sheikh Taheri, H. (2017). Designing and Formation of a Rural House According to Old Architects Case Study: Garmsar County Villages. Housing and rural environment, 158, 3-20._||_ Akbari, R., & Gaderian, M. (2014). Typology of Village Texture; The First Step in Village Perspective (Case Study of Typhology: Yazd Village Village Textures. Journal of Human Geographic Research, 46(3), 635-656. Alalhesabi, M., & Ganjizadeh, N. (2015). Hierarchy of rural home and its application in the spatial correction of rural housing. Examination of the principles of hierarchy of design in rural homes in Khorasan province. National Conference on Sustainable Agriculture. Paper presented at the Environment and Rural Development., Iran. Anabastani, A., Anzai, E., & Behzadi, S. (2016). The Effect of Rural Housing Patterns on Cultural and Social Change of Villagers Case Study: Neka City,. Space Economics and Rural Development, 2, 21-42. Asadi, Z., Porramazan, I., & Molaei Hashjin, N. ( 2016). The Role of Participation in Rural Development of the Khoshkebijar of Rasht. Quarterly journal of space economics and rural development, 1, 61-82. Askari Rabari, A., Abbaszadeh, Sh., & Abroon, A. A. (2016). An analysis of effective physicalspatial elements in rural housing (Case study: Villages of Dizbad-e-Bala, Frizi, and Aydalik). Journal of Research & Rural Planning, 4(4), 177-193 Azizpour, F. (2016). Modernity and physical-space transformation of rural settlements of Iran. Quarterly Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 155, 37-50. Barker, R. G. (1968). Ecological Psychology: Concepts and Methods for Studying the Environment of Human Behavior. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Bentley, Y. (2003). Responsive environments. (M. Behzadfar, Trans.): Tehran University of Science and Technology. Daneshgar Moghadam, G., Habibi, H., & Einifar, A. (2011). The analysis of the social nature of the physical environment influenced by the perception of nature in the human environment. Fine Arts, 3(45), 38-27. Del, s. (2011). Sustainable landscape for everyone (T. A. a. others, Trans.). Tehran: Rahahr International. Golabchi, M., & Tayebat, M. (2007). Causes of Incompatibility of Rural Residential Buildings against Earthquakes and Providing Construction Pattern Based on Local Facilities and Abilities Case Study: Zarand Kerman Villages. Fine Arts, 30, 31-42. Gunce, K., Erturk, Z., & Erturk, S. (2007). Questioning the ‘‘prototype dwellings’’ in the framework of Cyprus traditional architecture. Building and Environment, 43(823–833). Habibi, M., Barol, S., Khojaste, M., & Negahdarikia, P. (2010). Rural design, sustainable partnership and development. Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 132, 3-16. Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation, D. o. R. D. (2012). Office of Planning and Coordination of Plans, Guide to Rural Land Use Studies. Publications: Sharif. Karam, A., Hoje froshnia, S., & Hakimi, H. (2012). Assessment and Analysis of Perspective Consistency, A New Approach to Environmental Planning Case Study: Kashan-Aran District. Geography and Environmental Studies, 3(29-44). Khodadadeh, Y., & Ziaei, M. (2008). Study of existing tents bugs for temporary resettlement of earthquakes in Iran and presenting a proposed Bouncy tent. Fine Arts, 33, 57-68. Lang, J. (1987). Creating Architectural Theory: The role of behavioral science in environmental design. New YorkVan Nostrand Reinhold. Pirbabai, M., & Farrokhi, M. (2011). A reflection on the concept of urban landscape in Iranian-Islamic cities from the past to the present. Paper presented at the The first national conference and Islamic urbanism., Iran. Sartipipour, M. (2013). The architecture of native populated homes in the provinces of Markazi province. Journal of Physical-Spatial Planning, 3, 25-36. Shafaei, M., & Madani, R. (2011). Explaining research methodology in designing rural housing pattern. Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 7, 17-30. Shirvaniyan, A., & Bakhshude, M. (2012). Rural Housing Poverty and its Coping Strategies in Iran. Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 140(101-115). Tagvaei, A., Bahrampour, M., & Shahin Rad, M. (2009). Restoration of rural housing after disaster; pathology-guideline. Armanshahr, 2, 105-112. Yadgar, A., & Pourruhani, M. (2012). Criteria for assessing the quality of rural and rural settlements. Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 139, 51-66. Zargar, A., & Hatami Khangahi, T. (2014). Effective Factors on the Design of Rural Homes. Residential and rural environment quarterly, 148, 45-62. Zargar, A., Sartypipour, M., Miri, H., & Sheikh Taheri, H. (2017). Designing and Formation of a Rural House According to Old Architects Case Study: Garmsar County Villages. Housing and rural environment, 158, 3-20.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.254662.1235 جمعیت روستایی ارزیابی شاخص سالخوردگی در مناطق روستایی ایران به کمک سیستم‌های دانش‌بنیان ارزیابی شاخص سالخوردگی در مناطق روستایی ایران به کمک سیستم‌های دانش‌بنیان فرجی سبکبار حسنعلی دانشیارگروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. محمودی چناری حبیب دانشجوی دوره دکتری تخصصی، گرایش برنامه ریزی آمایش محیطی، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. یوسفی علی دانشجوی دوره دکتری تخصصی، گرایش برنامه ریزی آمایش محیطی، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد رشت. رشت، ایران. خداداد مهدی کارشناسی ارشد گروه جغرافیای انسانی، جغرافیاوبرنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه گلستان.گرگان، ایران. 22 05 2019 10 1 50 63 16 03 2018 05 02 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_70080.html

انجام تحقیقات در حوزه علوم انسانی بیشتر یک مبحث کیفی است، و نیازمند سطح تحلیل کیفی و کشف ارتباط درونی متغیرهای پژوهش است. یکی از مباحث مهم و پایه در بحث مطالعات انسانی، مبحث جمعیت‌شناسی و بخصوص شناخت ویژگی‌های ساختاری آن است. در این راستا، پژوهش حاضر می‌کوشد تا با به‌کارگیری منطق فازی، وضعیت سالخوردگی جامعه روستایی ایران را در سطح 390 شهرستان کشور مورد بررسی قرار دهد. این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نوع پژوهش‌های توصیفی-تحلیلی است که با روش تحلیل ثانویه انجام شده است. داده‌های موردنیاز متناسب با شش شاخص؛ نسبت پیری و جوانی، نسبت جنسی، نسبت سالمندی، حمایت بالقوه و حمایت پدر و مادر از مرکز آمار ایران استخراج گردیده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که مناطق روستایی حاشیه ایران به دلیل دارای بودن مقادیر مطلوب در شاخص‌های شش‌گانه، با توجه به پایگاه دانش طراحی شده از میزان سالخوردگی کمتری برخوردار بوده، در‌حالی‌که مناطق روستایی داخل ایران به‌شدت به سمت پیری رفته و سالخورده شده‌اند. همچنین نتایج این پژوهش با نقشه قومیت ایران مقایسه شده و نتایج حاکی از آن است که روند سالخوردگی با نقشه قومیت همپوشانی بالایی دارد. چراکه مرزهای جغرافیایی ایران با جغرافیای قومیت‌ها دارای اشتراک مکانی بوده، تمایل به فرزندآوری و داشتن فرزندان بیشتر در این نواحی به نسبت مراکز داخلی کشور بیشتر است. ابن امر سبب افزایش مقدار مطلوب شاخص‌های شش‌گانه و برتری مناطق حاشیه نسبت به مرکز شده است.

 جمعیت روستایی سالخوردگی سکونتگاه‌های روستایی سیستم‌های دانش‌بنیان Ahmadi, N. (2004). Various Theories of old Age, Neshat and Happiness, First Year, No. 3. Ali Mohammadi,Q. Armand, M A. Delbaziasl, M. (2017). Analysis and evaluation of aging demographic indicators in Iran. Journal of Social Science Studies. Volume 3, Issue 1, Spring 2017, 51-42 pages. Annual report of the United Nations Population Division, 2007. Annual report of the United Nations Population Division, 2008. Annual report of the United Nations Population Division, 2012. Annual report of the United Nations Population Division, 2015. Chapman, S., philips, S. (2008). Rurality and ageing well: ‘a long time here. In N. Keating (Ed.) Rural Ageing: A good place to grow old? (pp 21-31). Bristol UK: The Policy Press. David Swanson, Jacob S. Siegel, Henry S. Shryock. (2004) The Methods and Materials of Demography Elsevier Academic Press, Business & Economics. Faraji sabokbar. H. (2016). Modeling a Model for Assessing the Quality of the Natural Environment of Rural Areas Using Knowledge Based Systems, Journal of Rural Research and Planning, Year 5, Number 1, Spring. Kalantari, Samad. (1997). Preliminary Methods of Population Analysis, Tehran, Mani Publishing. Keating , N. , & Phillips , J. ( 2008 ). A critical ecology perspective on rural ageing . In N. Keating (Ed.), Rural Ageing: A Good Place to Grow Old? (pp. 1 – 10 ). Bristol, England : Policy Press . Mirlatafi, MR, Pour Ebrahimi, F. (2016). Analysis of the Impact of Aging Population on Rural Development, Number 2, The Social Sciences Faculty of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Mirzaie & Shams GHahfakhri. (2007) Demography of the elderly in Iran based on the census from 1957 to 2007, Iranian Journal of Elderly, Second Year, No. 5, pp. 321-326. Omidi, F. Moeini, SR. kazemipour, Sh. (2011). Transition of the age structure of the population from youth to aging and the comparative recognition of the aging indicators of the province’s population and the factors affecting it, with emphasis on census data 2006, Master’s dissertation, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch Central - Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Demography. Sumathi, S., Paneerselvam, S.  (2010) Computational intelligence paradigms: theory & applications using MATLAB: CRC Press. Stanhope, mari And Lancaster Jeantte. (1988). Community health Nursing process and practice for promoting health. Second edition, stlovis: the C.V. mosby Co., 1988. Statistics Center of Iran. (1957). Results of general census of population and housing, population season. Statistics Center of Iran. (1967). Results of general census of population and housing, population season. Statistics Center of Iran. (1977). Results of general census of population and housing, population season. Statistics Center of Iran. (1987). 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Available from http://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ ssptw/2009-2010/americas/ssptw09americas.pdf. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). World Population Ageing 2013. ST/ESA/SER.A/348. ST/SEA/SER.A/348, United Nations publication Zarghami, H and Farimaneh M. (2015). Analytical study of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the elderly of Iran. Journal of Iranian Statistical Studies, Vol. 26, No. 2, Fall and Winter, 2015, pp. 139-160._||_ Ahmadi, N. (2004). Various Theories of old Age, Neshat and Happiness, First Year, No. 3. Ali Mohammadi,Q. Armand, M A. Delbaziasl, M. (2017). Analysis and evaluation of aging demographic indicators in Iran. Journal of Social Science Studies. Volume 3, Issue 1, Spring 2017, 51-42 pages. Annual report of the United Nations Population Division, 2007. Annual report of the United Nations Population Division, 2008. Annual report of the United Nations Population Division, 2012. Annual report of the United Nations Population Division, 2015. Chapman, S., philips, S. (2008). Rurality and ageing well: ‘a long time here. In N. Keating (Ed.) Rural Ageing: A good place to grow old? (pp 21-31). Bristol UK: The Policy Press. David Swanson, Jacob S. Siegel, Henry S. Shryock. (2004) The Methods and Materials of Demography Elsevier Academic Press, Business & Economics. Faraji sabokbar. H. (2016). Modeling a Model for Assessing the Quality of the Natural Environment of Rural Areas Using Knowledge Based Systems, Journal of Rural Research and Planning, Year 5, Number 1, Spring. Kalantari, Samad. (1997). Preliminary Methods of Population Analysis, Tehran, Mani Publishing. Keating , N. , & Phillips , J. ( 2008 ). A critical ecology perspective on rural ageing . In N. Keating (Ed.), Rural Ageing: A Good Place to Grow Old? (pp. 1 – 10 ). Bristol, England : Policy Press . Mirlatafi, MR, Pour Ebrahimi, F. (2016). Analysis of the Impact of Aging Population on Rural Development, Number 2, The Social Sciences Faculty of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Mirzaie & Shams GHahfakhri. (2007) Demography of the elderly in Iran based on the census from 1957 to 2007, Iranian Journal of Elderly, Second Year, No. 5, pp. 321-326. Omidi, F. Moeini, SR. kazemipour, Sh. (2011). Transition of the age structure of the population from youth to aging and the comparative recognition of the aging indicators of the province’s population and the factors affecting it, with emphasis on census data 2006, Master’s dissertation, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch Central - Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Demography. Sumathi, S., Paneerselvam, S.  (2010) Computational intelligence paradigms: theory & applications using MATLAB: CRC Press. Stanhope, mari And Lancaster Jeantte. (1988). Community health Nursing process and practice for promoting health. Second edition, stlovis: the C.V. mosby Co., 1988. 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(2016). (The results of general population and housing censuses, population season. Swanson, D.A. and Siegel, J.S., (2004), The Methods and Materials of Demography, San Diego, CA : Elsevier Academic Press, ©2004 United States Social Security Administration (2009-2010). Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2009. Available from http://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ ssptw/2009-2010/americas/ssptw09americas.pdf. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). World Population Ageing 2013. ST/ESA/SER.A/348. ST/SEA/SER.A/348, United Nations publication Zarghami, H and Farimaneh M. (2015). Analytical study of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the elderly of Iran. Journal of Iranian Statistical Studies, Vol. 26, No. 2, Fall and Winter, 2015, pp. 139-160.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2018.258270.1258 مدیریت روستایی راهکارهای مدیریت پایدار آب کشاورزی (مورد مطالعه استان همدان) راهکارهای مدیریت پایدار آب کشاورزی (مورد مطالعه استان همدان) زلیخایی سیار لیلا دانش‌آموخته دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. نادری مهدیی کریم دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. موحدی رضا دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. 22 05 2019 10 1 64 77 19 05 2018 02 12 2018 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_70082.html

هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی راهکارهای مدیریت پایدار آب کشاورزی و بررسی تأثیر هر یک بر متغیر وابسته تحقیق است که با رویکرد آمیخته (کیفی-کمی) انجام شد. جامعه آماری این مطالعه را کارشناسان و متخصصان حوزه آب در سطح استان همدان به تعداد 130 نفر تشکیل می‌دادند که در مرحله کیفی تعداد 35 نمونه به شیوه هدفمند و در مرحله کمی تعداد 100 نفر با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان به شیوه تصادفی انتخاب شدند. برای بررسی و تحلیل روابط بین متغیرهای مستقل (راهکارها) و وابسته (مدیریت پایدار آب کشاورزی) از مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری بر اساس الگوریتم PLS بهره گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که 55 درصد از واریانس متغیر وابسته (مدیریت پایدار آب کشاورزی) توسط متغیرهای مستقل موردبررسی (13 راهکار شناسایی‌شده) تبیین می‌شود که از بین این راهکارها، «برنامه‌ریزی آبیاری» (به‌عنوان راهکار اصلی) با ضریب تأثیر 275/0 بیشترین اهمیت و تأثیر را دارد. آموزش‌های کاربردی و مستمر با ضریب تأثیر 269/0، بازچرخانی آب در فرآیند تولید با ضریب تأثیر 247/0، افزایش راندمان انتقال آب با ضریب تأثیر 209/0، آگاهی‌بخشی و اطلاع‌رسانی با ضریب تأثیر 197/0 و در نهایت کاهش ضایعات کشاورزی با ضریب تأثیر 172/0 به ترتیب رتبه‌های دوم تا ششم را به خود اختصاص دادند.

 آب کشاورزی راهکار روش آمیخته مدیریت پایدار Abdeshahi, A., Shabani, K., Mousavi, M., & Ghanian, M. (2015). [Components Affecting Vegetable Waste Reduction Emphasizing on Food Security; View Points of Producers in Hamidiyeh Township (Persian)].  Agricultural Economics and Development, 23 (89), 137-153.     Alcon, F., Miguel, M. D., & Burton, M. (2011). Duration analysis of adoption of drip irrigation technology in southeastern Spain. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 78, 991– 1001. Allam, A., Tawfik, A., Yoshimura, C. & Fleifle, A. (2016). Simulation-based optimization framework for reuse of agricultural drainage water in irrigation. Journal of Environmental Management, 172, 82-96. Arshadi Khamse, A., Almasi, M., Reshad Sedgi, A., & Ahmadi Adli, R. (2012). [Effect of Conservation Tillage on Irrigation Scheduling and Rapeseed Yield (Persian)]. Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 22 (1), 105-115. Bharathkumar, L. Mohamm-Aslam, M. A. (2015). Crop Pattern Mapping of Tumkur Taluk Using NDVI Technique: A Remote Sensing and GIS Approach. Aquatic Procedia, 4, 1397-1404. Carrillo Cobo, M. T., Camacho Poyato, E., Montesinos, P. & Rodriguez Diaz, J. A. (2014). New model for sustainable management for pressurized irrigation networks. Application to Bembezar MD irrigation district (Spain). Science of the Total Environmen, 473-474, 1-8. Chen, X., Naresh, D., Upmanu, L., Hao, Z., Dong, L., Ju, Q., Wang, J. and Wang, S. (2014). China’s water sustainability in the 21st century: a climate-informed water risk assessment covering multi-sector water demands. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1653–1662. Corcoles, J. I., Tarjuelo, J. M., & Moreno, M. A. (2016). Methodology to improve pumping station management of on-demand irrigation networks. Biosystems Engineering, 144, 94-104. Garcia, I. F., Creaco, E., Rodriguez Diaz, J. A., amacho Poyato, E. & Savic, D. (2016). Rehabilitating Pressurized irrigation networks for an increased energy efficiency. Agricultural Water Management, 164 (2), 212-222. Gercek, S., Demirkaya, M. & Isik, D. (2017). Water Pillow irrigation versus drip irrigation with regared to growth and yield of tomato grown under greenhouse conditions in a semi-arid region. Agricultural Water management, 180 (31), 172-177. Ghambarali, R., Papzan. A. H., Afsharian, N. (2012). [Analysis of Farmers’ Perception of Climate Changes and Adaptation Strategies (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 3 (3), 192-213. Gholami, M. & Alibaygi, A. H. (2014). [Identify indigenous ways of drough management (city of Sarpol-e-zehab) (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 5 (3), 611-638.    Girard, C., Rinaudo, J.-D., Pulido-Velazquez, M., Caballero, Y., (2015). An interdisciplinary modelling framework for selecting adaptation measures at the river basin scale in a global change scenario. Environ. Model. Softw. 69, 42-54. Godfray, H.C.J., Beddington, J.R., Crute, I.R., Haddad, L., (2010). Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science 327 (5967), 812–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1185383. Karimi, L. (2011). [A Survey on Social Factors Underpinning Environmental Behavior (Water Consumption) (Persian)]. Master’s Theses, Department of Sociology, Payame Noor University, Tehran Unit. Kotir, J. H., Brown, G., Marshall, N. Johnstone, R. (2017). Systemic feedback modelling for sustainable water resources management and agricultural development: An application of participatory modelling approach in the Volta River Basin. Environmental Modelling & Software, 88, 106-118. Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurment, 30, 607-610. Kumar, A., Nayak, A. K., Pani, D. R. & Das, B. S. (2017). Physiology and Morphological responses of four different rice cultivars to soil water potential based deficit irrigation management strategies. Field Crops Research, 205, 78-94. Li, Y., Wang, L., Xue, X., Guo, W., Xu, F., Li. Y., Sun, W. & Chen, F. (2017). Comparison of drip fertigation and negative pressure fertigation on soil water dynamics and water use efficiency of greenhouse tomato grown in the North China Plain. Agricultural Water management, 184, 1-8. Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Mango, N., Makate, C., Tamene, L., Mponela, P. & Ndengu, G. (2017). Awarness and adoption of land, soil and water conservation practices in the Chinyanja Triangle, Southern Africa. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 5 (2), 122-129. Moazenzadeh, R. & Alizadeh, A. (2015). [Balancing of Fariman-TorbatJam Groundwater Resources in Attention to Management Approaches in Field Scale (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 9 (3), 408-418. Moradi, B. (2013). [Water Resources Management Using The WEAP Model (Case Study: Kabotarahang Basin) (Persian)]. Master’s Theses, Department of Natural Resources, Malayer University. Mosannen Mozaffari, M. (2014). [Development of the Water Resources Management Model in the Sistan Region (Persian)]. Thesis of Ph.D, Department of Agricultural Economic, University of Zabol.   Mugagga, F., Nabaasa, B. (2016). The centrality of water resources to the realization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). A review of potentials and constraintson the African continent. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 4, 215–223. Najafi, N., Khosravipour, B., Ghanian, M. & Baradaran, M. (2013). [Analysis of Disincentive Factors in Success of Water Users Association from the Perspective of Exploitation case study of Karkheh Zone in Khuzestan Province (Persian)].  Journal of Rural Research, 4 (1), 165-188. Nasiri, M. (2010). [Factors Affecting Sustainability of Water Resources Management (Case Study Arsenjan Township) (Persian)]. Master’s Theses, Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, Shiraz University.   Nasrollahi, Z., Bakhshi, M., Madani, S. (2015). [An Identification and Ranking Economic, Structural and Environmental Factors Effective on Implementation of Pressurized Irrigation on Agricultural Land, Using AHP Method: A Case Study of Yazd City (Persian)]. International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development, 3 (1), 148-159. Niu, G., Li, Y.P., Huang, G.H., Liu, J., and Fan, Y.R. (2016). Crop planning and water resource allocation for sustainable development of an irrigation region in China under multiple uncertainties. Agricultural Water Management, 166, 53–69. Norouzi, H. Nejat. S. (2016). [Structural Equation Modeling in a Simple Word Warp PLS & LISREL (Persian)]. Tehran: Fozhan Publications. Nugroho, B. D. & Nuraini, L. (2016). Cropping Pattern Scenario based on Global Climate Indices and Rainfall in Banyumas District, Central Java, Indonesia. Aicultural and Aicultural Science Procedia, 9, 54-63. Price, A.H., Norton, G.J., Salt, D.E., Ebenhoeh, O., Meharg, A.A., Meharg, C., Davies, W.J. (2013). Alternate wetting and drying irrigation for rice in Bangladesh: is it sustainable and has plant breeding something to offer? Food and Energy Security, 2, 120–129. Rahimiyan, M. (2017). [Factors Affecting Water Resources Sustainable Management among Irrigated Wheat Growers in Kouhdasht County (Persian)]. Iran Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 12 (2), 233-247. Rahmany, H., Nuraky, F. & Baradaran, M. (2012). [Evaluation of effective factors on optimal management greenhouse summery in Khuzestan province (Persian)]. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture, 3 (2), 89-100. Roca, L.C. (2011). The use of indicators in Canadian corporate sustainability reports. Master thesis, Ryerson University. Salahei Esfahani, G. (2003). [The Role of Water ang Irrigation in Sustainable Rural Development (Akhtarabad-Hakimabad Village) (Persian)]. PaykeNoor, 5 (2), 74-90. Sun, Y., Liu, N., Shang, J., Zhang, J. (2017). Sustainable utilization of water resources in China: A system dynamics model. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 613-625. Vicente, D.J., Rodríguez-Sinobas, L. Garrote, L. and Sánchez, R. (2016). Application of the system of environmental economic accounting for water SEEAW to the Spanish part of the Duero basin: Lessons learned. Science of the Total Environment, 563–564, 611–622. Yu, X., Geng, Y., Heck, P. Xue, B. (2015). A Review of China’s Rural Water Management. Sustainability, 7, 5773-5792. Yu-chen Lin, A., Tzy-Ying Huang Hon, S., Wahiqvist, M. L. (2009). Waste Management to improve food safety and security for health advancement. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 18 (4), 538-545. Zekri, S., Madani, K., Bazargan-Lari, M. R., Kotagama, H., and Kalbus, E. (2017). Feasibility of adopting smart water meters in aquifer management: An integrated hydro-economic analysis. Agricultural Water Management, 181, 85–93_||_ Abdeshahi, A., Shabani, K., Mousavi, M., & Ghanian, M. (2015). [Components Affecting Vegetable Waste Reduction Emphasizing on Food Security; View Points of Producers in Hamidiyeh Township (Persian)].  Agricultural Economics and Development, 23 (89), 137-153.     Alcon, F., Miguel, M. D., & Burton, M. (2011). Duration analysis of adoption of drip irrigation technology in southeastern Spain. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 78, 991– 1001. Allam, A., Tawfik, A., Yoshimura, C. & Fleifle, A. (2016). Simulation-based optimization framework for reuse of agricultural drainage water in irrigation. Journal of Environmental Management, 172, 82-96. Arshadi Khamse, A., Almasi, M., Reshad Sedgi, A., & Ahmadi Adli, R. (2012). [Effect of Conservation Tillage on Irrigation Scheduling and Rapeseed Yield (Persian)]. Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 22 (1), 105-115. Bharathkumar, L. Mohamm-Aslam, M. A. (2015). Crop Pattern Mapping of Tumkur Taluk Using NDVI Technique: A Remote Sensing and GIS Approach. Aquatic Procedia, 4, 1397-1404. Carrillo Cobo, M. T., Camacho Poyato, E., Montesinos, P. & Rodriguez Diaz, J. A. (2014). New model for sustainable management for pressurized irrigation networks. Application to Bembezar MD irrigation district (Spain). Science of the Total Environmen, 473-474, 1-8. Chen, X., Naresh, D., Upmanu, L., Hao, Z., Dong, L., Ju, Q., Wang, J. and Wang, S. (2014). China’s water sustainability in the 21st century: a climate-informed water risk assessment covering multi-sector water demands. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1653–1662. Corcoles, J. I., Tarjuelo, J. M., & Moreno, M. A. (2016). Methodology to improve pumping station management of on-demand irrigation networks. Biosystems Engineering, 144, 94-104. Garcia, I. F., Creaco, E., Rodriguez Diaz, J. A., amacho Poyato, E. & Savic, D. (2016). Rehabilitating Pressurized irrigation networks for an increased energy efficiency. Agricultural Water Management, 164 (2), 212-222. Gercek, S., Demirkaya, M. & Isik, D. (2017). Water Pillow irrigation versus drip irrigation with regared to growth and yield of tomato grown under greenhouse conditions in a semi-arid region. Agricultural Water management, 180 (31), 172-177. Ghambarali, R., Papzan. A. H., Afsharian, N. (2012). [Analysis of Farmers’ Perception of Climate Changes and Adaptation Strategies (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 3 (3), 192-213. Gholami, M. & Alibaygi, A. H. (2014). [Identify indigenous ways of drough management (city of Sarpol-e-zehab) (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 5 (3), 611-638.    Girard, C., Rinaudo, J.-D., Pulido-Velazquez, M., Caballero, Y., (2015). An interdisciplinary modelling framework for selecting adaptation measures at the river basin scale in a global change scenario. Environ. Model. Softw. 69, 42-54. Godfray, H.C.J., Beddington, J.R., Crute, I.R., Haddad, L., (2010). Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science 327 (5967), 812–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1185383. Karimi, L. (2011). [A Survey on Social Factors Underpinning Environmental Behavior (Water Consumption) (Persian)]. Master’s Theses, Department of Sociology, Payame Noor University, Tehran Unit. Kotir, J. H., Brown, G., Marshall, N. Johnstone, R. (2017). Systemic feedback modelling for sustainable water resources management and agricultural development: An application of participatory modelling approach in the Volta River Basin. Environmental Modelling & Software, 88, 106-118. Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurment, 30, 607-610. Kumar, A., Nayak, A. K., Pani, D. R. & Das, B. S. (2017). Physiology and Morphological responses of four different rice cultivars to soil water potential based deficit irrigation management strategies. Field Crops Research, 205, 78-94. Li, Y., Wang, L., Xue, X., Guo, W., Xu, F., Li. Y., Sun, W. & Chen, F. (2017). Comparison of drip fertigation and negative pressure fertigation on soil water dynamics and water use efficiency of greenhouse tomato grown in the North China Plain. Agricultural Water management, 184, 1-8. Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Mango, N., Makate, C., Tamene, L., Mponela, P. & Ndengu, G. (2017). Awarness and adoption of land, soil and water conservation practices in the Chinyanja Triangle, Southern Africa. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 5 (2), 122-129. Moazenzadeh, R. & Alizadeh, A. (2015). [Balancing of Fariman-TorbatJam Groundwater Resources in Attention to Management Approaches in Field Scale (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 9 (3), 408-418. Moradi, B. (2013). [Water Resources Management Using The WEAP Model (Case Study: Kabotarahang Basin) (Persian)]. Master’s Theses, Department of Natural Resources, Malayer University. Mosannen Mozaffari, M. (2014). [Development of the Water Resources Management Model in the Sistan Region (Persian)]. Thesis of Ph.D, Department of Agricultural Economic, University of Zabol.   Mugagga, F., Nabaasa, B. (2016). The centrality of water resources to the realization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). A review of potentials and constraintson the African continent. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 4, 215–223. Najafi, N., Khosravipour, B., Ghanian, M. & Baradaran, M. (2013). [Analysis of Disincentive Factors in Success of Water Users Association from the Perspective of Exploitation case study of Karkheh Zone in Khuzestan Province (Persian)].  Journal of Rural Research, 4 (1), 165-188. Nasiri, M. (2010). [Factors Affecting Sustainability of Water Resources Management (Case Study Arsenjan Township) (Persian)]. Master’s Theses, Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, Shiraz University.   Nasrollahi, Z., Bakhshi, M., Madani, S. (2015). [An Identification and Ranking Economic, Structural and Environmental Factors Effective on Implementation of Pressurized Irrigation on Agricultural Land, Using AHP Method: A Case Study of Yazd City (Persian)]. International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development, 3 (1), 148-159. Niu, G., Li, Y.P., Huang, G.H., Liu, J., and Fan, Y.R. (2016). Crop planning and water resource allocation for sustainable development of an irrigation region in China under multiple uncertainties. Agricultural Water Management, 166, 53–69. Norouzi, H. Nejat. S. (2016). [Structural Equation Modeling in a Simple Word Warp PLS & LISREL (Persian)]. Tehran: Fozhan Publications. Nugroho, B. D. & Nuraini, L. (2016). Cropping Pattern Scenario based on Global Climate Indices and Rainfall in Banyumas District, Central Java, Indonesia. Aicultural and Aicultural Science Procedia, 9, 54-63. Price, A.H., Norton, G.J., Salt, D.E., Ebenhoeh, O., Meharg, A.A., Meharg, C., Davies, W.J. (2013). Alternate wetting and drying irrigation for rice in Bangladesh: is it sustainable and has plant breeding something to offer? Food and Energy Security, 2, 120–129. Rahimiyan, M. (2017). [Factors Affecting Water Resources Sustainable Management among Irrigated Wheat Growers in Kouhdasht County (Persian)]. Iran Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 12 (2), 233-247. Rahmany, H., Nuraky, F. & Baradaran, M. (2012). [Evaluation of effective factors on optimal management greenhouse summery in Khuzestan province (Persian)]. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture, 3 (2), 89-100. Roca, L.C. (2011). The use of indicators in Canadian corporate sustainability reports. Master thesis, Ryerson University. Salahei Esfahani, G. (2003). [The Role of Water ang Irrigation in Sustainable Rural Development (Akhtarabad-Hakimabad Village) (Persian)]. PaykeNoor, 5 (2), 74-90. Sun, Y., Liu, N., Shang, J., Zhang, J. (2017). Sustainable utilization of water resources in China: A system dynamics model. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 613-625. Vicente, D.J., Rodríguez-Sinobas, L. Garrote, L. and Sánchez, R. (2016). Application of the system of environmental economic accounting for water SEEAW to the Spanish part of the Duero basin: Lessons learned. Science of the Total Environment, 563–564, 611–622. Yu, X., Geng, Y., Heck, P. Xue, B. (2015). A Review of China’s Rural Water Management. Sustainability, 7, 5773-5792. Yu-chen Lin, A., Tzy-Ying Huang Hon, S., Wahiqvist, M. L. (2009). Waste Management to improve food safety and security for health advancement. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 18 (4), 538-545. Zekri, S., Madani, K., Bazargan-Lari, M. R., Kotagama, H., and Kalbus, E. (2017). Feasibility of adopting smart water meters in aquifer management: An integrated hydro-economic analysis. Agricultural Water Management, 181, 85–93
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2018.246929.1191 آینده روستایی تحلیلی بر پذیرش اجتماعی تأمین آب جهت خودکفایی گندم تا افق 1404 جمهوری اسلامی ایران تحلیلی بر پذیرش اجتماعی تأمین آب جهت خودکفایی گندم تا افق 1404 جمهوری اسلامی ایران عظیمی دزفولی سیدعلی اکبر استادیار آینده پژوهی، موسسه پژوهش‌های برنامه ریزی اقتصادکشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، وزارت جهادکشاورزی، تهران، ایران. افتخاری عبدالرضا رکن الدین استاد برنامه ریزی جغرافیایی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. نظامی پور قدیر استادیار مدیریت راهبردی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، تهران، ایران. هایدج اوا استاد آینده پژوهی، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه کوروینوس، بوداپست، مجارستان. نظری بیژن استادیار آبیاری زهکشی، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران. کاظم نژاد مهدی استادیار اقتصادکشاورزی، موسسه پژوهش‌های برنامه ریزی اقتصادکشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، وزارت جهادکشاورزی، تهران، ایران. فرج زاده منوچهر دانشیار اقلیم شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. فهمی هدایت دکتری مدیریت منابع آب، وزارت نیرو، تهران، ایران. 22 05 2019 10 1 78 91 19 12 2017 07 04 2018 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_67945.html

در شرایط منابع آبی کشور، برقراری تناسب بین امنیت غذایی متکی بر تولید داخل و امنیت آبی به عنوان دو مؤلفه‌‌ی اساسی امنیت ملی و پذیرش اجتماعی آن، از الزامات مشروعیت و مقبولیت سیاست‌ها در چارچوب ارتقای حکمروایی آب و کشاورزی تلقی ‌‌می‌‌گردد. هدف این مقاله که منعکس‌کننده بخشی از یک آینده‌پژوهی یکپارچه است به دنبال پاسخ به چگونگی پذیرش دلایل ناظر بر تأمین آب برای خودکفایی گندم تا 1404 از سوی ذی‌نفعان اصلی هست. بر اساس اطلاعات NETWAT مصرف آب تولید ملی گندم برآورد شده سپس بنا به نتایج کارگاه، معیارهای تأیید و رد تأمین آب برای خودکفایی گندم در قالب سیزده متغیر استخراج گردید. پرسشنامه‌ای با طیف لیکرت 5 گزینه‌‌ای و پس از ارزیابی روایی توسط کارشناسان و برآورد آلفای کرونباخ 704/0 در سطح 05/0 میان 47 نفر از خبرگان بخش کشاورزی و آب توزیع شد که با روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌‌ای و هدف‌مند انتخاب شدند. فرضیه پایین بودن میزان پذیرش µi

 خودکفایی گندم نیاز آبی پذیرش اجتماعی حکمروایی آب و کشاورزی آینده‌پژوهی یکپارچه Agricultural Planning Economic and Rural Development Research Institute (APERDRI) (2016). [Increase of national production programs, food security and production of strategic products (Persian)]. Tehran: APERDRI Publishing Arabi, S. M. & NezamiVand Chegini, H. & Paluj, M. (2008). [National creal strategic plan- whaet and rice, (Persian)]. Tehran: APERDRI Publishing Askari, M. & Rahimi, M. (2017). [A Survey for measuring social acceptability of cycling in metropolises, case study: Tehran metropolis (Persian)]. Journal of Applied Sociology, 2017, 28(1): 185-206 Amanpour, M. T (2011) [Economic Jihad in the Agricultural sector, explaining and implementing the guidance of the Supreme Leader in 2011 along with strategies, requirements and actions (Persian)]. Azimi Amoli, J. & Rukn al-din Eftekhari A. (2014). [Rural good governance-sustainable development mnagement (Persian)]. Tehran: SAMT Publishing Azimi Dezfuli, S. A. A. (2017). [Futures studies of agricultural water supply for wheat production till 2025 for I. R. of Iran (Persian)]. (Doctoral dissertation) I. R. of Iran, Qazvin, Imam Khomeini Unversity Publishing Azimi Dezfuli, S. A. A., Rukn al-din Eftekhari A., Nezamipur, G. & Hideg, E. (2017). [A survey on integral futures studies capacity to overcome the challenge of meeting future water resources for food production at the national level in iran, journal of sustainable rural development., (Persian)]. Journal of Sustainable Rural Development, May 2017, 1(1): 53-68 Azimi Dezfuli, S. A. A., Rukn al-din Eftekhari, A., Nezamipur, Q., Hideg, E., Nazari, B., Farajzadeh, M., Kazem nejad, M. & Fahmi, H. (2017). [An estimation on wheat water irrigation in I.R of Iran (Persian)]. The Journal of Spatial Planning, 21(2), 173-195 Badri, S .A., & Rukn al-din Eftekhari, A. S. (2003) [Sustainability Assessment: Concept and Method (Persian)]. Geographic Research, Summer, No. 69. Bell, W. (2003). foundations of futures studies: history, purposes and knowledge: human science for a new era. vol 1, New Brunswick & London, Transaction publishing Darvish, A.K., Chizari, M. and Mirdamadi, S.M. (2009) Analysis of socio – economic factors influencing on adoption of agroforestry among popular farmers in northern part of Iran, Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research Vol. 16 No. 3, 2009 FAO (2018) AQUASTAT, viewed at 2018-01-28, http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/results.html . FAO (2012). Coping With Water Scarcity - An Action Framework For Agriculture And Food Security. FAO Water Reports 38 FAO (2014). The water-energy-food nexus a new approach in support of food security and sustainable agriculture, FAO, Rome Foxon, T., Zen Makuch, Macarena Mata & Pearson, P. (2004). Towards a Sustainable Innovation Policy, Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change, 3-4 December 2004, Berlin, Germany Gharib, H. (2011). [Food security outlook in I.R. of Iran (Persian)]. Rahbord, 21 (65), pp. 345-69 Islamic Parliament I. R. of IRAN (2010). The Law on Increasing the Productivity of Agriculture and Natural Resources, http://www.majlis.ir/ Javan, J. & Fal Soleiman, M. (2008). [Water Crisis And the Need to Pay Attention to Agricultural Water Productivity in Dry Areas, (Persian)]. Geography and Development, no. 11, pp 115-138 Julaee, R. & Jeiran, M. (2008). [Relative Advantage or Self-Sufficiency Applied Study in Determining the Wheat Production Strategy in the Country, (Persian)]. Agricultural Economics and Development, 16, no. 62, pp 147-165 Kamali, G. & Alizadeh, A. (2007). [Crop Water Requirement in I.R. of Iran, Emam Reza University, (Persian)]. Astane Ghodse Razavi Publishing Keshavarz, A. (2015) “Managing Water Resources of the Country; Challenges and Strategies”, Tehran, Center for Islamic Model of Iran, Progress, Water, Environment, Food Security and Natural Resources Think tank. Kiumarsi, F. & Nozari, H. (2015). [Virtual water approach to agricultural water resources management, presented at National Conference of Water Crisis in I.R. Iran and Middle East, I.R. Iran, Shiraz, 11 March 2015. [in Persian] Kordi Ardakani, A., Sabaghi Firuz Abadi, M. H. & Sabaghi Firuz Abadi, P. (2013). [Virtual Water A way to manage water resource crisis (Persian)]. National Conference on Water Crisis in Iran and the Middle East,  Shiraz, Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education (2013). Food Desirable Basket. Mircholi, F., Faramarzi, M. & Soltani, S. (2013). [The impact of virtual water on ecosystems (Persian)]. The First International Conference of IALE, Isfahan, Iran Mobini Dehkordi, A. (2004). [A new approach to Iranian food security, regarding food supply stability (Persian)]. Journal of Economic Research, no. 14, pp. 1-18 Morid Sadat, P. (2014). [Preparing a Model for Sustainable Agricultural Development Policy with Entrepreneur Approach in Khuzestan (Persian)]. (Doctoral dissertation) Tehran, Iran, Tarbiat Modarres University OECD, (2015) ‘Principles On Water Governance’, OECD Ministerial Council Meeting, 4 June. Paidar Golsang, A. (2013). [Providing a Pattern of Desirable Policy for Utilization of Underground Resources for Agricultural Activities in Rural Areas in Halilrud-Jiroft Basin, (Persian)]. (Doctoral dissertation) Tehran, Iran, Tarbiat Modarres University Paluj, M. & Ghorbani, A. (2015). [Review of Necessary Approaches to Wheat Production, APERI Publishing Qarakhani, M. (2015). [Social Policy in Iran: The Gap Between the State and the Nation (Persian)]. 23(75), Summer 2017, pp 93-118. Qorbani, S. (2013). [Assessment of the Foresight on the National Science and Technology Policy (Persian)], (Doctoral dissertation) I. R. of Iran, Qazvin, Imam Khomeini Unversity Publishing Razavi, S., Pourtaheri, M. & Rukn al-din Eftekhari, A. (2017). [A Proposed Model for Organic Rice Farming in Rural Areas of Guilan and Mazandaran Provinces (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 2017, 8(3): 372-387. Rezaee Moghadam, K., Rahimi, S. & Bakhshodeh, M. (2014). [Individual, Economic, Social, Environmental and Agronomic Factors Affecting Adoption of Agricultural Land Consolidation by Wheat Growers in Shiraz County (Persian)]. Agricultural Economics Research, 2014, 6(22): 135-157. Rosegrant, M. W., Cai, X., Cline, S. A. (2004). World water and food to 2025 : Dealing with Scarcity, International Food Policy Research Institute, Translated by Dehghan, A., Fathi, H. & Farahani, A., 2004, APERI Publishing Rukn al-din Eftekhari, A. S. (2003) “The Role of the Rural in Food Security”, National Conference on Agriculture and National Development, Tehran, Iran. Russett, B.,‎ Starr, H. & Kinsella, D., (2006). [World politics: the menu for choice is appropriate for courses in Introduction to International Relations and World Politics for political science majors and others interested in international affairs (Persian)]. Translated by by Omidi, A. Bureau of Political Studies State Department Publishing Seid Emami, K. (2008) Research in Political Science: Positive, Interpretative, and Critical Approaches. Tehran, Publication of Imam Sadiq University, and Research Institute for Cultural and Social Studies, Second Edition. Sasouli, M., Yazdani, S., Hosseini, S., Saleh, I. (2015) [The social acceptance of product irrigated with filtered sewage in the south of Tehran province (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2015, 46(1): 1-11. Zargarpur, R., Nourzad, R. (2009). [A conceptual model of inte­grated water resources management for national water secu­rity (Persian)]. Iran Water Resources Research, 5(3), 1-13._||_ Agricultural Planning Economic and Rural Development Research Institute (APERDRI) (2016). [Increase of national production programs, food security and production of strategic products (Persian)]. Tehran: APERDRI Publishing Arabi, S. M. & NezamiVand Chegini, H. & Paluj, M. (2008). [National creal strategic plan- whaet and rice, (Persian)]. Tehran: APERDRI Publishing Askari, M. & Rahimi, M. (2017). [A Survey for measuring social acceptability of cycling in metropolises, case study: Tehran metropolis (Persian)]. Journal of Applied Sociology, 2017, 28(1): 185-206 Amanpour, M. T (2011) [Economic Jihad in the Agricultural sector, explaining and implementing the guidance of the Supreme Leader in 2011 along with strategies, requirements and actions (Persian)]. Azimi Amoli, J. & Rukn al-din Eftekhari A. (2014). [Rural good governance-sustainable development mnagement (Persian)]. Tehran: SAMT Publishing Azimi Dezfuli, S. A. A. (2017). [Futures studies of agricultural water supply for wheat production till 2025 for I. R. of Iran (Persian)]. (Doctoral dissertation) I. R. of Iran, Qazvin, Imam Khomeini Unversity Publishing Azimi Dezfuli, S. A. A., Rukn al-din Eftekhari A., Nezamipur, G. & Hideg, E. (2017). [A survey on integral futures studies capacity to overcome the challenge of meeting future water resources for food production at the national level in iran, journal of sustainable rural development., (Persian)]. Journal of Sustainable Rural Development, May 2017, 1(1): 53-68 Azimi Dezfuli, S. A. A., Rukn al-din Eftekhari, A., Nezamipur, Q., Hideg, E., Nazari, B., Farajzadeh, M., Kazem nejad, M. & Fahmi, H. (2017). [An estimation on wheat water irrigation in I.R of Iran (Persian)]. The Journal of Spatial Planning, 21(2), 173-195 Badri, S .A., & Rukn al-din Eftekhari, A. S. (2003) [Sustainability Assessment: Concept and Method (Persian)]. Geographic Research, Summer, No. 69. Bell, W. (2003). foundations of futures studies: history, purposes and knowledge: human science for a new era. vol 1, New Brunswick & London, Transaction publishing Darvish, A.K., Chizari, M. and Mirdamadi, S.M. (2009) Analysis of socio – economic factors influencing on adoption of agroforestry among popular farmers in northern part of Iran, Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research Vol. 16 No. 3, 2009 FAO (2018) AQUASTAT, viewed at 2018-01-28, http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/results.html . FAO (2012). Coping With Water Scarcity - An Action Framework For Agriculture And Food Security. FAO Water Reports 38 FAO (2014). The water-energy-food nexus a new approach in support of food security and sustainable agriculture, FAO, Rome Foxon, T., Zen Makuch, Macarena Mata & Pearson, P. (2004). Towards a Sustainable Innovation Policy, Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change, 3-4 December 2004, Berlin, Germany Gharib, H. (2011). [Food security outlook in I.R. of Iran (Persian)]. Rahbord, 21 (65), pp. 345-69 Islamic Parliament I. R. of IRAN (2010). The Law on Increasing the Productivity of Agriculture and Natural Resources, http://www.majlis.ir/ Javan, J. & Fal Soleiman, M. (2008). [Water Crisis And the Need to Pay Attention to Agricultural Water Productivity in Dry Areas, (Persian)]. Geography and Development, no. 11, pp 115-138 Julaee, R. & Jeiran, M. (2008). [Relative Advantage or Self-Sufficiency Applied Study in Determining the Wheat Production Strategy in the Country, (Persian)]. Agricultural Economics and Development, 16, no. 62, pp 147-165 Kamali, G. & Alizadeh, A. (2007). [Crop Water Requirement in I.R. of Iran, Emam Reza University, (Persian)]. Astane Ghodse Razavi Publishing Keshavarz, A. (2015) “Managing Water Resources of the Country; Challenges and Strategies”, Tehran, Center for Islamic Model of Iran, Progress, Water, Environment, Food Security and Natural Resources Think tank. Kiumarsi, F. & Nozari, H. (2015). [Virtual water approach to agricultural water resources management, presented at National Conference of Water Crisis in I.R. Iran and Middle East, I.R. Iran, Shiraz, 11 March 2015. [in Persian] Kordi Ardakani, A., Sabaghi Firuz Abadi, M. H. & Sabaghi Firuz Abadi, P. (2013). [Virtual Water A way to manage water resource crisis (Persian)]. National Conference on Water Crisis in Iran and the Middle East,  Shiraz, Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education (2013). Food Desirable Basket. Mircholi, F., Faramarzi, M. & Soltani, S. (2013). [The impact of virtual water on ecosystems (Persian)]. The First International Conference of IALE, Isfahan, Iran Mobini Dehkordi, A. (2004). [A new approach to Iranian food security, regarding food supply stability (Persian)]. Journal of Economic Research, no. 14, pp. 1-18 Morid Sadat, P. (2014). [Preparing a Model for Sustainable Agricultural Development Policy with Entrepreneur Approach in Khuzestan (Persian)]. (Doctoral dissertation) Tehran, Iran, Tarbiat Modarres University OECD, (2015) ‘Principles On Water Governance’, OECD Ministerial Council Meeting, 4 June. Paidar Golsang, A. (2013). [Providing a Pattern of Desirable Policy for Utilization of Underground Resources for Agricultural Activities in Rural Areas in Halilrud-Jiroft Basin, (Persian)]. (Doctoral dissertation) Tehran, Iran, Tarbiat Modarres University Paluj, M. & Ghorbani, A. (2015). [Review of Necessary Approaches to Wheat Production, APERI Publishing Qarakhani, M. (2015). [Social Policy in Iran: The Gap Between the State and the Nation (Persian)]. 23(75), Summer 2017, pp 93-118. Qorbani, S. (2013). [Assessment of the Foresight on the National Science and Technology Policy (Persian)], (Doctoral dissertation) I. R. of Iran, Qazvin, Imam Khomeini Unversity Publishing Razavi, S., Pourtaheri, M. & Rukn al-din Eftekhari, A. (2017). [A Proposed Model for Organic Rice Farming in Rural Areas of Guilan and Mazandaran Provinces (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 2017, 8(3): 372-387. Rezaee Moghadam, K., Rahimi, S. & Bakhshodeh, M. (2014). [Individual, Economic, Social, Environmental and Agronomic Factors Affecting Adoption of Agricultural Land Consolidation by Wheat Growers in Shiraz County (Persian)]. Agricultural Economics Research, 2014, 6(22): 135-157. Rosegrant, M. W., Cai, X., Cline, S. A. (2004). World water and food to 2025 : Dealing with Scarcity, International Food Policy Research Institute, Translated by Dehghan, A., Fathi, H. & Farahani, A., 2004, APERI Publishing Rukn al-din Eftekhari, A. S. (2003) “The Role of the Rural in Food Security”, National Conference on Agriculture and National Development, Tehran, Iran. Russett, B.,‎ Starr, H. & Kinsella, D., (2006). [World politics: the menu for choice is appropriate for courses in Introduction to International Relations and World Politics for political science majors and others interested in international affairs (Persian)]. Translated by by Omidi, A. Bureau of Political Studies State Department Publishing Seid Emami, K. (2008) Research in Political Science: Positive, Interpretative, and Critical Approaches. Tehran, Publication of Imam Sadiq University, and Research Institute for Cultural and Social Studies, Second Edition. Sasouli, M., Yazdani, S., Hosseini, S., Saleh, I. (2015) [The social acceptance of product irrigated with filtered sewage in the south of Tehran province (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2015, 46(1): 1-11. Zargarpur, R., Nourzad, R. (2009). [A conceptual model of inte­grated water resources management for national water secu­rity (Persian)]. Iran Water Resources Research, 5(3), 1-13.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2018.217086.993 آینده روستایی تحلیل عوامل کلیدی موثر بر شکل‌دهی الگوی آمایش فضاهای روستایی با رویکرد آینده‌نگاری (مورد مطالعه: استان لرستان) تحلیل عوامل کلیدی موثر بر شکل‌دهی الگوی آمایش فضاهای روستایی با رویکرد آینده‌نگاری امیدی شاه آباد امید دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. بدری سیدعلی دانشیار جغرافیای روستایی، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. رضوانی محمدرضا استاد جغرافیای روستایی، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. زالی نادر دانشیار برنامه‌ریزی منطقه‌ای، گروه طراحی شهری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران. 22 05 2019 10 1 92 113 16 10 2016 06 04 2018 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_67928.html

برنامه‌های توسعه و عمران روستایی بر اساس الگو‌های مختلف در استان لرستان، توفیق مورد انتظار را در رونق اقتصادی و بهبود زندگی روستاییان نداشته و به لحاظ اجتماعی در نهادینه کردن مشارکت روستاییان و توانمندسازی آنان موفقیت چندانی کسب ننموده است. برای‌ از بین بردن این آثار منفی از فضاهای روستایی استان، ضروری است که عوامل کلیدی مؤثر برای ارائه الگوی آمایش فضاهای روستایی با رویکرد آینده‌نگاری به عنوان هدف اصلی این تحقیق شناسایی و تحلیل گردد. بدین روی‌ در این تحقیق با استفاده از روش‌های‌ دلفی‌، پنل متخصصان و تحلیل تأثیرات متقابل با کمک نرم‌افزار MicMac  عوامل کلیدی مؤثر در طراحی الگوی آمایش فضاهای روستایی شناسایی‌ و تحلیل شده است. نتایج به دست آمده نشان می‌‌دهد که از 40 مسئله و مشکل اصلی‌ برنامه‌های‌ روستایی‌، 13 عامل چشم‌انداز روستایی، آینده‌نگاری، محیط‌زیست، ساختار اقتصاد روستایی، حکمروایی روستایی، سناریوهای جایگزین، ویژگی‌های مناطق، آمایش سرزمین، مشارکت روستاییان، اصول توسعه فضایی روستایی، ظرفیت محلی و سرمایه اجتماعی، مدیریت روستایی و همگرایی- واگرایی بخش‌ها مهم‌ترین عوامل کلیدی‌ مؤثر بر طراحی‌ الگوی آمایش فضاهای روستایی لرستان محسوب می‌شود.

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And Razavi Dehkordi, A., (2010).Assessment of Planning Process “Spatial Planning” in Iran And Strategies For Improving It, Journal of Environmental Sciences, Year 7 Issue 4, Pp. 100-87, Tehran, (In Persian) Sheykh Al-Islami A., And Beyranvandzadeh, M., (2009).Comparative Study And Assess The Degree of Development of Lorestan Province, Quarterly of Zagros Landscape, The First Year (1) , (In Persian) Voros, J., (2003). A generic foresight process framework. Foresight, 5(3), 10-21.  Walsh, James A. and Mannion, P. Joseph, (2005). RURAL IRELAND 2025 Foresight Perspectives, Department of Agriculture and Food, COFORD, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Marine Institute Zali, Nader, (2013). Strategic Foresight in Planning And Regional Development, Institute For Strategic Studies, Tehran, (In Persian)
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2018.253726.1250 توسعه پایدار روستایی برساخت اجتماعی خشکسالی در میان کشاورزان (مورد مطالعه: بخش مرکزی و غربی استان اصفهان) برساخت اجتماعی خشکسالی در میان کشاورزان عبداللهی عظیمه السادات استادیار، گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. صالحی صادق دانشیار، گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، مازندران، ایران. زاهدی محمدجواد استاد، گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. ذکایی محمدسعید استاد، گروه مطالعات فرهنگی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران. 22 05 2019 10 1 114 129 26 04 2018 17 10 2018 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_68562.html

پژوهش حاضر به تحلیل جامعه‌شناختی پدیده خشکسالی از منظر کشاورزان استان اصفهان بر اساس رویکردی تفسیری - برساختی پرداخته است. روش پژوهش از نوع کیفی است. داده‌ها از طریق انجام مصاحبه‌های عمیق نیمه‌ساخت‌یافته جمع‌آوری شد. حجم نمونه 35 نفر از کشاورزان بخش مرکزی و غربی استان اصفهان بود که بر مبنای نمونه‌گیری هدفمند از نوع حداکثرِ تنوع انتخاب شدند. مبنای اتمام مصاحبه‌ها اشباع نظری بوده است. برای تحلیل داده‌های حاصل از مصاحبه‌ها، از روش نظریه زمینه‌ای استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن بود که خشکسالی از دیدگاه کشاورزان یک پدیده چند لایه‌ای است که دارای عللی چندگانه است. به طور کلی، کشاورزان 4 عامل اصلی را به عنوان علل پدیده خشکسالی بیان نموده‌اند: «حکمرانی ناکارآمد آب»، «کشاورزی خودمدار»، «تغییرات اقلیمی»، «علل تقدیرگرایانه». این عوامل در تعامل با یکدیگر، پدیده خشکسالی را شکل می‌دهند. یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر می‌تواند در زمینه سیاست‌گذاری‌های مرتبط با کشاورزی و توسعه حکمرانی خوب در این زمینه مؤثر باشد.

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JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2018.254656.1234 کارآفرینی روستایی پهنه‌بندی فضایی مزیت نسبی کارآفرینی روستایی و عوامل مؤثر در آن (مورد مطالعه شهرستان پارس‌آباد) پهنه‌بندی فضایی مزیت نسبی کارآفرینی روستایی و عوامل مؤثر در آن قدیری معصوم مجتبی استاد،گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. مطیعی لنگرودی سید حسن استاد،گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. زالی محمدرضا دانشیار، گروه کارآفرینی سازمانی، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. غلامی علی دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی - برنامه‌ریزی فضایی کارآفرینی در مناطق روستایی، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران . 22 05 2019 10 1 130 145 15 03 2018 29 09 2018 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_67950.html

امروزه کارآفرینی و ایجاد فعالیت‌های کارآفرینانه بهترین راهبرد در ماندگاری و توسعه روستاها شناخته می‌شود. با این حال فعالیت‌های کارآفرینی در این مناطق می‌بایست بر اساس ظرفیت‌ها و پتانسیل‌های موجود در آن‌ها صورت گیرد تا به موفقیت دست یابد. تحقیق حاضر که با هدف پهنه‌بندی مناطق روستایی پارس‌آباد از نظر مزیت نسبی کارآفرینی و عوامل مؤثر در آن نگاشته شده است، از نوع مطالعات کاربردی با روش توصیفی - تحلیلی است. روش گردآوری اطلاعات به روش اسنادی و میدانی (پرسشنامه و مشاهده) صورت گرفته است. جامعه آماری تحقیق را کارآفرینان و روستاییان تشکیل می‌دهند که به ترتیب نمونه‌های انتخاب شده 22 نفر از کارآفرینان روستایی با روش تمام‌شماری و 377 نفر از روستاییان با روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌بندی شده تصادفی، می‌باشند. برای پهنه‌بندی مزیت نسبی کارآفرینی روستایی از شاخص‌های مزیت مقیاس (SAI)، مزیت کارایی (EAI)، مزیت نسبت مکانی (LQ) و مزیت جمعی (AAI)، با استفاده از تحلیل خوشه-ای سلسله مراتبی، برای بررسی عوامل مؤثر از آزمون تحلیل واریانس کروسکال‌والیس و جهت پیش‌بینی وضعیت رشد کارآفرینی در مناطق روستایی از روش تغییر - سهم استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که دهستان‌های اصلاندوز، اسلام‌آباد، ساوالان و اولتان بیشترین مزیت نسبی را در کارآفرینی روستایی دارا هستند. و عوامل متمایز کننده عمدتاً عملکردی محلی دارند و کمیت و کیفیت کارآفرینی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهند.

 مزیت نسبی کارآفرینی کارآفرینی روستایی مناطق روستایی پارس‌آباد Dinis, A. (2006). Marketing and innovation: Useful tools for competitiveness in rural and peripheral areas. European Planning Studies, 14(1), 9-22. Dorobat, C. E., & Topan, M. V. (2015). Entrepreneurship and comparative advantage.  Journal of Entrepreneurship, 24(1), 1-16. Faggio, G., & Silva, O. (2014). [Self-employment and entrepreneurship in urban and rural labour markets]. Journal of Urban Economics, 84, 67-85. Farahani, H., Rasoulinia, Z., & Asdaghi Sareskanrud, Z. (2014). [Factors Affecting the Growth of Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas (Case Study of Jaberansar Village in Abdanan County) (Persian)].  Journal of space economics and rural development, 3(9), 1-16. Fortunato, M. W. P. (2014). Supporting rural entrepreneurship: a review of conceptual developments from research to practice. Community development, 45(4), 387-408. Ghadiri-Masum, M. Gholami, A. Mohammadzadeh-larijani, F. Rezaei, H. (2017). 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Entrepreneurial readiness in the context of national systems of entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 46(4), 619-637. Shahraki, H., & Heidari, A. (2017). [Analysis of Social and Cultural Dimensions of Rural Entrepreneurship: Providing Two Analytical Models for Rural Entrepreneurship Based on the Reflection of the Thoughts of August Kent (Persian)]. Entrepreneurship in Agriculture, 4(3), 39-54. Shajari Pour Jaberi, Sh. (2006). [Determining the optimal model of agricultural activities using the relative advantage index (Master’s dissertation) (Persian)].  Retrieved from Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran. Shal, F. K., Amar, T., Allahyari, M. S., & Ramezani, B. (2016). [Socio-economic factors affecting spatial planning of entrepreneurship in rural area (evidence from Masal County, Iran)]. Journal of Current Research in Science, 4(1), 40-46. Sharma, M., Chaudhary, V., Bala, R., & Chauhan, R. (2013). Rural entrepreneurship in developing countries: Challenges, problems and performance appraisal. Global Journal of Management and Business Studies, 3(9), 1035-1040. Sojasi Qeidari, H., Mahmoodi, H., & Jafari, F. (2017). [An Analysis of Entrepreneurial Skills of Women in Rural Areas: A Case Study of Villages in Central District of Fariman (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 8(2), 242-263. Szerb, L., Lafuente, E., Horváth, K., & Páger, B. (2017). The relevance of quantity and quality entrepreneurship for regional performance: The moderating role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3036312. Sadeghloo, T. Heydari Sarban, V., & Gholizadeh, S. (2017). [Assessment of Entrepreneurship Development Capacity in Rural Areas, Case Study: Villages of Busheki (Persian)]. Geography and Development, 15 (49), 37-58. Vaillant, Y. and Lafuente, E. (2007). Do different institutional frameworks condition the influence of local fear of failure and entrepreneurial examples over entrepreneurial activity? Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 19(4), 313-337._||_ Dinis, A. (2006). Marketing and innovation: Useful tools for competitiveness in rural and peripheral areas. European Planning Studies, 14(1), 9-22. Dorobat, C. E., & Topan, M. V. (2015). Entrepreneurship and comparative advantage.  Journal of Entrepreneurship, 24(1), 1-16. Faggio, G., & Silva, O. (2014). [Self-employment and entrepreneurship in urban and rural labour markets]. Journal of Urban Economics, 84, 67-85. Farahani, H., Rasoulinia, Z., & Asdaghi Sareskanrud, Z. (2014). [Factors Affecting the Growth of Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas (Case Study of Jaberansar Village in Abdanan County) (Persian)].  Journal of space economics and rural development, 3(9), 1-16. Fortunato, M. W. P. (2014). Supporting rural entrepreneurship: a review of conceptual developments from research to practice. Community development, 45(4), 387-408. Ghadiri-Masum, M. Gholami, A. Mohammadzadeh-larijani, F. Rezaei, H. (2017). [Designing a Model of rural Independent entrepreneurship development with interpretative structural modeling approach (ISM): Case Study, rural areas in Khoy County (Persian)]. Journal of space economics and rural development, 6(3), 139-164. Heritot, K. C. (2002). A New Approach to Rural Entrepreneurship a Case Study of Two Rural Electric Cooperatives. Western Kentucky University, and Noel D. Campbell, North Georgia College & State University. Retrieved from http:// usasbe.org/knowledge/proceedings/proceedings DOC/ USABE2005proceedingHeriot%2030.pdf. Karimzadeh, H., Nikjou, M.R., Sadr-Moswi, M.S., and Kuhestani, H. (2015). [Identification of effective factors in creating entrepreneurial opportunities in the rural tourism sector using the Structural Equation Model (SME) (Persian)]. Journal of Geography and Environmental Planning, 25 (2), 269-290.  Khoshmaram, M., Zarafshani, K., Mirakzadeh, A., & Alibaygi, A. (2017). [Modeling Agricultural Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition in Kermanshah Province: Application of NVivo Software (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 8(3), 388-403. Naseri Manesh, A., Rahmani, B., & Monshizadeh, R.A. (2017). [Evaluation of the Role of Agricultural and Economic Factors in the Development of Rural Entrepreneurship: Case Study: Villages in Ardebil (Persians)]. Human Geography, 3 (35), 181-196. Patel, B., & Chavda, K. (2013). Rural entrepreneurship in India: Challenge and problems. International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies, 1(2):28-37. Pato, L. (2015). Rural entrepreneurship and Innovation: some successful women’s initiatives. 55th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: “World Renaissance: Changing roles for people and places”, 25-28 August 2015, Lisbon, Portugal. https://ideas.repec.org/p/wiw/wiwrsa/ersa15p1367.html. Pato, M. L., & Teixeira, A. A. (2016). [Twenty years of rural entrepreneurship: a bibliometric survey]. Sociologia ruralis, 56(1), 3-28. Reagan B. (2002). Are Highgrowth Entrepreneurs Building the Rural Economy? Center for the Study of Rural America. Kansas City, Mo.: Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1541-4329.2005.tb00063.x/pdf. Rezaei, B., Najafpour, H., & Naderi, N. (2017). [Obstacles and Solutions for Green Entrepreneurship Planning in Kermanshah (Persian)].  Journal of space economics and rural development, 6 (2), 59-78. Rezvani, M. R. & Najarzadeh, M. (2008). [An Investigation and Analysis of the Entrepreneurship Rural Areas in the Development Process of Rural Areas (Persian)]. Entrepreneurship Development, 1 (2), 161-182. Rubio-Bañón, A., & Esteban-Lloret, N. (2016). [Cultural factors and gender role in female entrepreneurship]. Suma de Negocios, 7(15), 9-17. Schillo, R. S., Persaud, A., & Jin, M. (2016). Entrepreneurial readiness in the context of national systems of entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 46(4), 619-637. Shahraki, H., & Heidari, A. (2017). [Analysis of Social and Cultural Dimensions of Rural Entrepreneurship: Providing Two Analytical Models for Rural Entrepreneurship Based on the Reflection of the Thoughts of August Kent (Persian)]. Entrepreneurship in Agriculture, 4(3), 39-54. Shajari Pour Jaberi, Sh. (2006). [Determining the optimal model of agricultural activities using the relative advantage index (Master’s dissertation) (Persian)].  Retrieved from Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran. Shal, F. K., Amar, T., Allahyari, M. S., & Ramezani, B. (2016). [Socio-economic factors affecting spatial planning of entrepreneurship in rural area (evidence from Masal County, Iran)]. Journal of Current Research in Science, 4(1), 40-46. Sharma, M., Chaudhary, V., Bala, R., & Chauhan, R. (2013). Rural entrepreneurship in developing countries: Challenges, problems and performance appraisal. Global Journal of Management and Business Studies, 3(9), 1035-1040. Sojasi Qeidari, H., Mahmoodi, H., & Jafari, F. (2017). [An Analysis of Entrepreneurial Skills of Women in Rural Areas: A Case Study of Villages in Central District of Fariman (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 8(2), 242-263. Szerb, L., Lafuente, E., Horváth, K., & Páger, B. (2017). The relevance of quantity and quality entrepreneurship for regional performance: The moderating role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3036312. Sadeghloo, T. 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JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2018.263703.1273 مقاله پژوهشی آسیب‌شناسی برنامه‌های توسعه در بخش روستایی با روش آمیخته (مورد مطالعه: شهرستان ورزقان) آسیب‌شناسی برنامه‌های توسعه در بخش روستایی با روش آمیخته صدرموسوی میرستار استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. کریم زاده حسین استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. آقایاری هیر محسن استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. خالقی عقیل دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. 22 05 2019 10 1 146 163 12 08 2018 04 12 2018 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_70086.html

تحقیق حاضر به آسیب‌شناسی پیامدهای برنامه‌های توسعه در بخش روستایی شهرستان ورزقان با روش آمیخته (کمی- کیفی، به شیوه همگرا) پرداخته است. ازنظر هدف، کاربردی و به لحاظ ماهیت و روش از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی است. به لحاظ گردآوری داده‌ها، از نوع ترکیبی بوده و بنیان فلسفی آن مبتنی بر رویکرد پراگماتیسم است. جامعه آماری شامل کارشناسان محلی است که در بخش کمی از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته (برای 132 نفر پاسخگو) و در بخش کیفی از مشاهده و مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختار‌یافته (51 نفر مصاحبه‌شونده در دو مرحله) استفاده شده است. نبود فرصت‌های شغلی مناسب برای جوانان، فقدان فعالیت‌های تولیدی اشتغال‌زا، ناموفق بودن ایجاد صنایع متصل به کارخانجات معدنی موجود در منطقه، ناموفق بودن صنایع و کارگاه‌های کوچک اشتغال‌زای کشاورزی و افزایش فقر و محرومیت اجتماعی از مهم‌ترین پیامدهای مستخرج از تجزیه‌وتحلیل کیفی به روش تئوری بنیادی است. نتایج ارزیابی نیکویی برازش حاصل از مدل ساختاری (حداقل مربعات جزئی) نشان می‌دهد که مدل ارائه‌شده در سطح مطلوب با داده‌های تجربی سازگاری دارد و در منطقه موردمطالعه ارتباطی یک‌سویه بین پیامدهای اجتماعی، اقتصادی، کالبدی و جامع وجود دارد که پیامدهای اقتصادی و اجتماعی برنامه‌های توسعه منجر به بروز پیامدهای فضایی و جامع هستند؛ به‌طوری‌که شرایط اجتماعی و اقتصادی به فضا و کالبد منطقه تأثیر منفی می‌گذارند؛ همچنین تحلیل مسیر پیامدهای فضایی با پیامدهای جامع نشان می‌دهد که کمرنگ شدن جایگاه روستا و کشاورزی در رویکرد توسعه ملی و عدم تطابق اقدامات با بنیان‌های توسعه پایدار از مهم‌ترین متغیرهای با ضریب تأثیر بالا هستند.

 آسیب‌شناسی برنامه‌های توسعه روش آمیخته تئوری بنیادی حداقل مربعات جزئی Asayesh, H. (2004). Rural Planning in Iran, Payam e Noor. Tehran Azkia, M., (2016). Criticism of Rural Development Programs in Iran, Social Research Studies, (1), 103-125. Azkia, M., Dibaji Froushani, S. (2016). [Criticism of Rural Development Programs in Iran, (Persian)].  Studies and Social Research in Iran, (1), 103- 125. Azkia, M. Dibaji, Sh. (2017). [Criticism of Rural DevelopmentPrograms in Iran (Persian)]. Studies and Social Research in Iran, (1), 103- 125. Beheshti, M.B. (2005). [Iranian Economic Development (Persian)]. Tabriz University Press, Tabriz. Creswell, J. (2017). [An Introduction to Combined Methods, Translated by Morteza Akbari and Raziyeh Akbari]. Sociologists’ Publications, Tehran. Farajirad, K.,  Kazemian, G., (2013). Local and Regional Development from an Institutional Approach, Tehran: Publishing Co. Jihad University. Hassayber, Ch.L., (2014). Marketing Research with Mixed Research Approach, Translation: Kambiz Haidarzadeh and Nima Shojaei, Tehran: Bazargani Publishing. Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M., Sinkovics, R.R. (2009). The Use of Partial Least Squares Path Modeling in International Marketing, Advances in International Marketing, (20), 277–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979 (2009)0000020014. Howell, j. (1977). Administration and rural development planning: A Sudanese case, Agricultural Administration, (4) 2, 99-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-586X (77)90037-1. Huder, R. (2008). Geography and Development in the World and Iran, Translated by Fazileh Khani and Nasser Javadi, Tehran, Ghomes Publications Jomepour (2009). [An Introduction to Rural Development Planning: Approaches and Approaches, Tehran: Publication. Latifi, G. (2015). [Fundamentals of Social Planning and Policy (Persian)]. Jahad University Press, Allameh Tabataba’i Unit, Tehran. Maknoun, R., Salimi, J., Bahrami, M. (2015). [Meta-analysis on developmental pathologies in Iran (Persian)]. Economic Strategic Quarterly, (10), 137-167. Mirzai Ahranjani, H.; Taleghani, Gh.R. and Saadabadi, A.A. (2014). Rural Development Management, Bojnourd: Azarin Mehr Publications.  Motiei Langroudi, H. (2004). Rural Planning, Jahad University Publication, Mashhad. Oner, M., Saritas, O. (2005). A systems approach to policy analysis and development planning: Construction sector in the Turkish 5-year development plans, Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 72(7), 886-911.https://doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2004.11.002. Papoli Yazdi, M.H. (2008). [Rural Development Theories Samt Publishing, Tehran. Pourtaheri, M., Roknoddin Eftekhari, A.R., and Badri, S.A., (2015). Physical development strategies and policies of rural settlements (with emphasis on global experiences and Iran), Tehran: Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation. Rezvani, M.R. (2000). [Evaluation of Rural Goals, Rural Policies and Programs in the 5-Year-Old Development Plan of the Country (1373-78), with an emphasis on the organization of rural spaces and centers (Persian)]. Geographic Research, (38), 33-46. Rezvani, M.R. (2002). An Attitude to the Rural Development Planning System in Iran, Journal of Geographical Research, (4), 25- 38. Rezvani, M.R. (2009). [Introduction to Rural Development Planning (Persian)]. Gomes Publication, Tehran. Rezvani, M.R., Hajari, B., Badri, S. A., Torabi, Z. (2017). [Identifying Rural Development Strategies Using the Solar Contributing Framework Case Study: Mighan Village, Journal of Rural Space and Rural Development, (5) 4, 27-43. Roknoddin Eftekhari, A., Mahmoudi, S., Ghafari, G., & Pourtaheri, M., (2005). Explaining the Spatial Pattern of Social Capital in Rural Sustainable Development: Case Study: Villages of Khorasan Razavi Province, Quarterly Journal of Rural Space and Rural Development, 4(1), 87-107. Roknoddin Eftekhari, A. Sojasi Ghidari, H., Sadeghlu, T. (2014). [Content Analysis of the Status of Rural Sustainable Development in Plans after the Islamic Revolution, (Persian)], Human Geography Research, (45), 3, 19-38. Roknoddin Eftekhari, A., Badri, S. A., Sojasi Ghidari, H. (2015). [Theoretical Theories of Territorial Planning in Rural Areas, (Persian)]. Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation. Roknoddin Eftekhari, A., Mahmoudi, S. Ghafari, G., Pourtaheri, M. (2016). [Explaining the Spatial Pattern of Social Capital in Rural Sustainable Development (Persian)], Quarterly Journal of Rural Space and Rural Development, (4) 1, 87-107. Seydaei, S.I. (2011). [Rural Planning in Iran (Persian)]. Jahad University Press, Tehran. Shahbazi, I. (2011). [An Introduction to Pathology of Rural Development (Persian)]. Shahid Beheshti University Press, Tehran. Shahbazi, I. (2014). [Extensions in Rural Development (Persian)]. Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran. Shakouri, A. (2011). [Agricultural Development Policies in Iran, (Persian)]. Samt Publishing, Tehran.  Soleimani, E (2009). [Review of the Fifth Development Plan (14): Chapter Six - Regional Development: Regional Development, Environment, (Persian)]. Rural Development, Islamic Consultative Assembly, Research Center, Tehran. Statistical Center of Iran (2016). [Population and Housing Census, East Azerbaijan Province (Persian)]. Tietjen, A., Jørgensen, J. (2016). Translating a wicked problem: A strategic planning approach to rural shrinkage in Denmark, Landscape and Urban Planning. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.01.009. Weigand, K., Flanagan, T., Dye, K., Jones. P. (2014). Collaborative foresight: Complementing long-horizon strategic planning, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, (85), 134–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2013.08.016. Zahedi, M.J., Ghaffari, Gh.R., and Ebrahimi Loyeh, A. (2012). Theoretical shortcomings of rural development planning in Iran, Rural Research Quarterly, (4), 1- 24. Ziari, K.A., (2013). Principles and Methods of Regional Planning, Tehran: Tehran University Press. Zorzoliu, R. (2012). Regional and Sustainable Development in Italy (as a member of EU), Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, (58), 514-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.1028._||_ Asayesh, H. (2004). Rural Planning in Iran, Payam e Noor. Tehran Azkia, M., (2016). Criticism of Rural Development Programs in Iran, Social Research Studies, (1), 103-125. Azkia, M., Dibaji Froushani, S. (2016). [Criticism of Rural Development Programs in Iran, (Persian)].  Studies and Social Research in Iran, (1), 103- 125. Azkia, M. Dibaji, Sh. (2017). [Criticism of Rural DevelopmentPrograms in Iran (Persian)]. Studies and Social Research in Iran, (1), 103- 125. Beheshti, M.B. (2005). [Iranian Economic Development (Persian)]. Tabriz University Press, Tabriz. Creswell, J. (2017). [An Introduction to Combined Methods, Translated by Morteza Akbari and Raziyeh Akbari]. Sociologists’ Publications, Tehran. Farajirad, K.,  Kazemian, G., (2013). Local and Regional Development from an Institutional Approach, Tehran: Publishing Co. Jihad University. Hassayber, Ch.L., (2014). Marketing Research with Mixed Research Approach, Translation: Kambiz Haidarzadeh and Nima Shojaei, Tehran: Bazargani Publishing. Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M., Sinkovics, R.R. (2009). The Use of Partial Least Squares Path Modeling in International Marketing, Advances in International Marketing, (20), 277–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979 (2009)0000020014. Howell, j. (1977). Administration and rural development planning: A Sudanese case, Agricultural Administration, (4) 2, 99-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-586X (77)90037-1. Huder, R. (2008). Geography and Development in the World and Iran, Translated by Fazileh Khani and Nasser Javadi, Tehran, Ghomes Publications Jomepour (2009). [An Introduction to Rural Development Planning: Approaches and Approaches, Tehran: Publication. Latifi, G. (2015). [Fundamentals of Social Planning and Policy (Persian)]. Jahad University Press, Allameh Tabataba’i Unit, Tehran. Maknoun, R., Salimi, J., Bahrami, M. (2015). [Meta-analysis on developmental pathologies in Iran (Persian)]. Economic Strategic Quarterly, (10), 137-167. Mirzai Ahranjani, H.; Taleghani, Gh.R. and Saadabadi, A.A. (2014). Rural Development Management, Bojnourd: Azarin Mehr Publications.  Motiei Langroudi, H. (2004). Rural Planning, Jahad University Publication, Mashhad. Oner, M., Saritas, O. (2005). A systems approach to policy analysis and development planning: Construction sector in the Turkish 5-year development plans, Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 72(7), 886-911.https://doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2004.11.002. Papoli Yazdi, M.H. (2008). [Rural Development Theories Samt Publishing, Tehran. Pourtaheri, M., Roknoddin Eftekhari, A.R., and Badri, S.A., (2015). Physical development strategies and policies of rural settlements (with emphasis on global experiences and Iran), Tehran: Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation. Rezvani, M.R. (2000). [Evaluation of Rural Goals, Rural Policies and Programs in the 5-Year-Old Development Plan of the Country (1373-78), with an emphasis on the organization of rural spaces and centers (Persian)]. Geographic Research, (38), 33-46. Rezvani, M.R. (2002). An Attitude to the Rural Development Planning System in Iran, Journal of Geographical Research, (4), 25- 38. Rezvani, M.R. (2009). [Introduction to Rural Development Planning (Persian)]. Gomes Publication, Tehran. Rezvani, M.R., Hajari, B., Badri, S. A., Torabi, Z. (2017). [Identifying Rural Development Strategies Using the Solar Contributing Framework Case Study: Mighan Village, Journal of Rural Space and Rural Development, (5) 4, 27-43. Roknoddin Eftekhari, A., Mahmoudi, S., Ghafari, G., & Pourtaheri, M., (2005). Explaining the Spatial Pattern of Social Capital in Rural Sustainable Development: Case Study: Villages of Khorasan Razavi Province, Quarterly Journal of Rural Space and Rural Development, 4(1), 87-107. Roknoddin Eftekhari, A. Sojasi Ghidari, H., Sadeghlu, T. (2014). [Content Analysis of the Status of Rural Sustainable Development in Plans after the Islamic Revolution, (Persian)], Human Geography Research, (45), 3, 19-38. Roknoddin Eftekhari, A., Badri, S. A., Sojasi Ghidari, H. (2015). [Theoretical Theories of Territorial Planning in Rural Areas, (Persian)]. Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation. Roknoddin Eftekhari, A., Mahmoudi, S. Ghafari, G., Pourtaheri, M. (2016). [Explaining the Spatial Pattern of Social Capital in Rural Sustainable Development (Persian)], Quarterly Journal of Rural Space and Rural Development, (4) 1, 87-107. Seydaei, S.I. (2011). [Rural Planning in Iran (Persian)]. Jahad University Press, Tehran. Shahbazi, I. (2011). [An Introduction to Pathology of Rural Development (Persian)]. Shahid Beheshti University Press, Tehran. Shahbazi, I. (2014). [Extensions in Rural Development (Persian)]. Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran. Shakouri, A. (2011). [Agricultural Development Policies in Iran, (Persian)]. Samt Publishing, Tehran.  Soleimani, E (2009). [Review of the Fifth Development Plan (14): Chapter Six - Regional Development: Regional Development, Environment, (Persian)]. Rural Development, Islamic Consultative Assembly, Research Center, Tehran. Statistical Center of Iran (2016). [Population and Housing Census, East Azerbaijan Province (Persian)]. Tietjen, A., Jørgensen, J. (2016). Translating a wicked problem: A strategic planning approach to rural shrinkage in Denmark, Landscape and Urban Planning. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.01.009. Weigand, K., Flanagan, T., Dye, K., Jones. P. (2014). Collaborative foresight: Complementing long-horizon strategic planning, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, (85), 134–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2013.08.016. Zahedi, M.J., Ghaffari, Gh.R., and Ebrahimi Loyeh, A. (2012). Theoretical shortcomings of rural development planning in Iran, Rural Research Quarterly, (4), 1- 24. Ziari, K.A., (2013). Principles and Methods of Regional Planning, Tehran: Tehran University Press. Zorzoliu, R. (2012). Regional and Sustainable Development in Italy (as a member of EU), Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, (58), 514-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.1028.