JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2018.248159.1196 مدیریت روستایی شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی عوامل تشکیل دهنده معماری کیفیت محیطی در برنامه‌ریزی روستایی (مورد مطالعه: روستای شهریار، بخش فلارد، شهرستان لردگان) شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی عوامل تشکیل دهنده معماری کیفیت محیطی در برنامه‌ریزی روستایی رستمی کاظم دکتری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی،دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. پورطاهری مهدی دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. افتخاری عبدالرضا رکن الدین استاد، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 368 381 24 12 2017 27 05 2018 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_67946.html

توجه به کیفیت محیطی و نگرانی‌های مرتبط با آن از شاخصه‌های اصلی زندگی مدرن و معاصر امروزی به‌ویژه در نواحی روستایی است. تحقق کیفیت محیطی در نواحی روستایی نیز مستلزم تبعیت از معماری کیفیت محیطی در برنامه‌ریزی روستایی است. در این میان تعیین اولویت‌ها و رتبه‌بندی جنبه‌های این معماری (از نگاه مردم و کارشناسان محلی) در فرآیند برنامه‌ریزی روستایی اهمیت بسیاری دارد. این مقاله بر محوریت دو سؤال معماری کیفیت محیطی کدام‌اند؟ و کدام‌یک از ارجحیت برنامه‌ریزی برخوردارند؟ شکل گرفت. از این‌رو روستای شهریار از توابع بخش فلارد شهرستان لردگان (با 2342 نفر جمعیت) که بسیاری از طرح‌های اجرایی در قالب برنامه‌ریزی روستایی در آن اجرایی شده است، به‌منظور پاسخگویی به سؤالات و ترسیم چشم‌اندازی از معماری کیفیت محیطی، انتخاب شده است. تعداد 6 کارگروه با تعداد 36 نفر نمونه (با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند) انتخاب شده‌اند. در این مقاله، به‌منظور گردآوری داده‌ها و تحلیل آن‌ها از دو روش کیفی و کمی استفاده شده است. با مساعدت و همراهی مردم و کارشناسان محلی، شاخص‌های 24 گانه معماری کیفیت محیطی در برنامه‌ریزی روستایی تعیین شد که 11شاخص در قلمرو اصول، 7 شاخص در قلمرو چارچوب و 6 شاخص در قلمرو فرآیند قرار گرفتند. مصادیق هر شاخص در روستای موردمطالعه (شهریار) مشخص و در کارگروه‌ها بر اساس طیف لیکرت (از بسیار کم تا بسیار زیاد) به رأی گذاشته شد. درنهایت جنبه‌های این معماری (اصول، چارچوب و فرآیند) رتبه‌بندی شد که (از نگاه مردم و کارشناسان محلی) اصول در رتبه اول و فرآیند و چارچوب به ترتیب در رتبه‌های دوم و سوم ارجحیت در معماری کیفیت محیطی برنامه‌ریزی روستایی قرار گرفتند.

 کیفیت محیطی معماری کیفیت محیطی برنامه‌ریزی روستایی روستای شهریار Akbarian Ronizi, S.R., and Sheikh Biglu, R. (2015), Assessing the Quality of Tourism Villages' Environment; Azimi Amoli, J. & Eftekhari, A. R.(2014), Rural Governance (Sustainable Development Management), Position, First Edition. Brown  A.L. (2003), Increasing the utility of urban environmental quality information, Landscape and Urban Planning 65 , PP 85–93. Cohon, J,L (1978)Multi- Objective Programing and planing, Academic Press, New York. Deng, H. (2007). A Similarity-Based Approach to Ranking Multicriteria Alternatives. In D.-S. Drazkiewicz, A., Challies, E., Nevig, J., (2015). "Public participation and local environmental planning: Testing factors influencing decision quality and implementation in four case studies from Germany." Land Use Policy 46: 211-222. Eftekhari, A.R. (2015), Leaflet, Analysis of Thinking Planning System for Environmental Quality in Rural Areas, Tarbiat Modares University. Eftekhari, A.R. (2014), Rural Development Management (Theoretical Foundations), Position, Second Edition. Eftekhari, A.R. & Badri, S. A. (2012), Theories of Model Development Model of Sample Village, Gilan Governorate, First Edition. Faraji Molaei, A. (2015), Surveying the Quality Dimensions of Worn-out Tissue Environment in Mafat Abad Neighborhood of Tehran District 13, Second Quarterly, "City Landscape Research", Second Year, No. 3 Hoseini, S. A. & Mirzapour, H. (2009), Application of quality control systems, samt, 1print. Hussam M., cheraghi, M. and Ashore, H. (2014), an analysis of the environmental impact of physical development of rural areas Case Study: Shahkuh Normandy, housing and rural environment, No. 148, Ss78-63. Kakavand, E. & Barati, N. & Aminzadeh Guoharzi, B. (2013), "Comparative Measurement of Mental Image of Citizen and Urban Designer in the Context of the Quality of the Urban Environment; Case Study: The Textures of the City of Qazvin", Bagh-e-Naz, No. 25, pp. 112-101. Kerselaers, .v. Rogge, Lauwers, Vanempten. (2013), Changing land use in the countryside: Stakeholders’ perception of the ngoing rural planning processes in Flanders, Land Use Policy 32, pp197– 206. Litman .T. (2013) “Planning Principles and Practice”, Victoria Transport Policy Institute , www.vtpi.org. Litman .T. (2011) “Measuring Transportation Traffic, Mobility and Accessibility”, Victoria Transport Policy Institute , pp1-17. Local Strategic Planning and Sustainable Rural Livelihoods Rural District Planning in Zimbabwe: A Case Study (2000),  INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT Environmental Planning Issues, No.23, December. Marans, R.W., Couper, M., (2000), Measuring the quality of community life: a program for longitudinal and comparative international research, In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Quality of Life in Cities, vol. 2. Singapore. Mehdizadeh, j. & Pirzadeh Nahvji, h. Dakht Amiri, m. Jahanshahi, m.h. Taghizadeh Motlagh, m. Sarrafzadeh, h. (2006), Strategic Planning for Urban Development (Recent World Experiences and Its Position in Iran), Tehran, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Deputy of Architecture and Urban Development, Sima Design and Publishing Company. Mohammadi Asahani, Mohammad Hossein et al., (2008), Proposal of Adaptive Process of Environmental Evaluation and Planning for Sustainable Rural Development in Iran, Journal of Rural and Development, Volume 2, Number 2, pp. 100-77. Motiaiy Leningradi, H. (2010) Rural Planning with Emphasis on Iran, Mashhad Jihad-e-Shahr Publishing House. Moser, Gabriel, (2009), “Quality of life and sustainability: Toward person–environment congruity”, Journal of Environmental Psychology 29, pp 351–357. O'Faircheallaigh, C. (2010). "Public participation and environmental impact assessment: Purposes, implications, and lessons for public policy making." Environmental Impact Assessment Review  30(1): 19-27. Porteous, J.D., (1971). "Design with People: the Quality of Urban Environments", Journal of Environment and Behavior, No. 3, Pp. 78- 155, Pourtahari, M., Eftekhari, A.R.R., Fatahi, A., (2010) Evaluation of Quality of Life in Rural Areas (Case Study: North Khawai Village, Lorestan Province), Human Geography Research, No. 76, pp. 31-13. Prager .K. Nienaber .B. Neumann .B. Phillips .A. (2015)” How should rural policy be evaluated if it aims to foster community involvement in environmental management?”, Journal of Rural Studies 37, pp 120-131. Project of Hadi Shahriar Village (2007), Housing Foundation, Lordegan County. Rafieyan, M. & Ali Pour, r. & Khademi, M. &  Ghanbar , Taghvaiy, A.A (2012), "Comparative Study of Quality Measurement Approaches in Designing Urban Spaces", Iranian Society of Architecture and Urban Planning. Number 4., pp. 43-35. Safari, H., Khanmohammadi, E., Hafezamini, A., and Ahangari, S.S., (2013)A New Technique for Multi Criteria Decision Making Based on Modified Similarity Method, Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 14 (5): 712-719, 2013 Safari, H., Ebrahimi, E., (2014), Using Modified Similarity Multiple Criteria Decision Making technique to rank countries in terms of Human Development Index, Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management. Schultink .G. (2000), Critical environmental indicators: performance indices and assessment models for sustainable rural development planning, Ecological Modelling 130, pp 47–58. Tabibian, M., Mansouri, Y. (2013). " Improving environmental quality and living satisfaction in new neighborhoods with prioritizing measures based on residents' opinions (Case study: Kashan)." Environmentalology 39(4): 1-16. Taghvaiy, A.A. & Marofi, S. & Pahlavan, S. (2012), "Assessment of the Impact of Urban Quality on Citizen's Social Relationships; Case Study: Abkouh District, Mashhad City", role of the world, Volume III, No. 10, pp. 54-42. Taghvaei, A. A., Maroufi, S., Pahlavan, S. (2012). " Evaluation of the Impact of Urban Quality on the Social Relations of Citizens; Case Study: Abkouh Town, Mashhad City." Naghsh-E-Gahan 3(10): 42-54. Van Kamp .I., Leidelmeijer .k., Gooitske Marsman .G., de Hollander .A., (2003) Urban environmental quality and human well-being Towards a conceptual framework and demarcation of concepts; a literature study, Landscape and Urban Planning, pp5–18_||_ Akbarian Ronizi, S.R., and Sheikh Biglu, R. (2015), Assessing the Quality of Tourism Villages' Environment; Azimi Amoli, J. & Eftekhari, A. R.(2014), Rural Governance (Sustainable Development Management), Position, First Edition. Brown  A.L. (2003), Increasing the utility of urban environmental quality information, Landscape and Urban Planning 65 , PP 85–93. Cohon, J,L (1978)Multi- Objective Programing and planing, Academic Press, New York. Deng, H. (2007). A Similarity-Based Approach to Ranking Multicriteria Alternatives. In D.-S. Drazkiewicz, A., Challies, E., Nevig, J., (2015). "Public participation and local environmental planning: Testing factors influencing decision quality and implementation in four case studies from Germany." Land Use Policy 46: 211-222. Eftekhari, A.R. (2015), Leaflet, Analysis of Thinking Planning System for Environmental Quality in Rural Areas, Tarbiat Modares University. Eftekhari, A.R. (2014), Rural Development Management (Theoretical Foundations), Position, Second Edition. Eftekhari, A.R. & Badri, S. A. (2012), Theories of Model Development Model of Sample Village, Gilan Governorate, First Edition. Faraji Molaei, A. (2015), Surveying the Quality Dimensions of Worn-out Tissue Environment in Mafat Abad Neighborhood of Tehran District 13, Second Quarterly, "City Landscape Research", Second Year, No. 3 Hoseini, S. A. & Mirzapour, H. (2009), Application of quality control systems, samt, 1print. Hussam M., cheraghi, M. and Ashore, H. (2014), an analysis of the environmental impact of physical development of rural areas Case Study: Shahkuh Normandy, housing and rural environment, No. 148, Ss78-63. Kakavand, E. & Barati, N. & Aminzadeh Guoharzi, B. (2013), "Comparative Measurement of Mental Image of Citizen and Urban Designer in the Context of the Quality of the Urban Environment; Case Study: The Textures of the City of Qazvin", Bagh-e-Naz, No. 25, pp. 112-101. Kerselaers, .v. Rogge, Lauwers, Vanempten. (2013), Changing land use in the countryside: Stakeholders’ perception of the ngoing rural planning processes in Flanders, Land Use Policy 32, pp197– 206. Litman .T. (2013) “Planning Principles and Practice”, Victoria Transport Policy Institute , www.vtpi.org. Litman .T. (2011) “Measuring Transportation Traffic, Mobility and Accessibility”, Victoria Transport Policy Institute , pp1-17. Local Strategic Planning and Sustainable Rural Livelihoods Rural District Planning in Zimbabwe: A Case Study (2000),  INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT Environmental Planning Issues, No.23, December. Marans, R.W., Couper, M., (2000), Measuring the quality of community life: a program for longitudinal and comparative international research, In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Quality of Life in Cities, vol. 2. Singapore. Mehdizadeh, j. & Pirzadeh Nahvji, h. Dakht Amiri, m. Jahanshahi, m.h. Taghizadeh Motlagh, m. Sarrafzadeh, h. (2006), Strategic Planning for Urban Development (Recent World Experiences and Its Position in Iran), Tehran, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Deputy of Architecture and Urban Development, Sima Design and Publishing Company. Mohammadi Asahani, Mohammad Hossein et al., (2008), Proposal of Adaptive Process of Environmental Evaluation and Planning for Sustainable Rural Development in Iran, Journal of Rural and Development, Volume 2, Number 2, pp. 100-77. Motiaiy Leningradi, H. (2010) Rural Planning with Emphasis on Iran, Mashhad Jihad-e-Shahr Publishing House. Moser, Gabriel, (2009), “Quality of life and sustainability: Toward person–environment congruity”, Journal of Environmental Psychology 29, pp 351–357. O'Faircheallaigh, C. (2010). "Public participation and environmental impact assessment: Purposes, implications, and lessons for public policy making." Environmental Impact Assessment Review  30(1): 19-27. Porteous, J.D., (1971). "Design with People: the Quality of Urban Environments", Journal of Environment and Behavior, No. 3, Pp. 78- 155, Pourtahari, M., Eftekhari, A.R.R., Fatahi, A., (2010) Evaluation of Quality of Life in Rural Areas (Case Study: North Khawai Village, Lorestan Province), Human Geography Research, No. 76, pp. 31-13. Prager .K. Nienaber .B. Neumann .B. Phillips .A. (2015)” How should rural policy be evaluated if it aims to foster community involvement in environmental management?”, Journal of Rural Studies 37, pp 120-131. Project of Hadi Shahriar Village (2007), Housing Foundation, Lordegan County. Rafieyan, M. & Ali Pour, r. & Khademi, M. &  Ghanbar , Taghvaiy, A.A (2012), "Comparative Study of Quality Measurement Approaches in Designing Urban Spaces", Iranian Society of Architecture and Urban Planning. Number 4., pp. 43-35. Safari, H., Khanmohammadi, E., Hafezamini, A., and Ahangari, S.S., (2013)A New Technique for Multi Criteria Decision Making Based on Modified Similarity Method, Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 14 (5): 712-719, 2013 Safari, H., Ebrahimi, E., (2014), Using Modified Similarity Multiple Criteria Decision Making technique to rank countries in terms of Human Development Index, Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management. Schultink .G. (2000), Critical environmental indicators: performance indices and assessment models for sustainable rural development planning, Ecological Modelling 130, pp 47–58. Tabibian, M., Mansouri, Y. (2013). " Improving environmental quality and living satisfaction in new neighborhoods with prioritizing measures based on residents' opinions (Case study: Kashan)." Environmentalology 39(4): 1-16. Taghvaiy, A.A. & Marofi, S. & Pahlavan, S. (2012), "Assessment of the Impact of Urban Quality on Citizen's Social Relationships; Case Study: Abkouh District, Mashhad City", role of the world, Volume III, No. 10, pp. 54-42. Taghvaei, A. A., Maroufi, S., Pahlavan, S. (2012). " Evaluation of the Impact of Urban Quality on the Social Relations of Citizens; Case Study: Abkouh Town, Mashhad City." Naghsh-E-Gahan 3(10): 42-54. Van Kamp .I., Leidelmeijer .k., Gooitske Marsman .G., de Hollander .A., (2003) Urban environmental quality and human well-being Towards a conceptual framework and demarcation of concepts; a literature study, Landscape and Urban Planning, pp5–18
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2018.263890.1275 توسعه پایدار روستایی تبیین فرایند همکاری‌های قلمرویی در بهره‌برداری از قنات (مورد مطالعه: قنات حسن‌آباد، استان یزد) تبیین فرایند همکاری‌های قلمرویی در بهره‌برداری از قنات لباف خانیکی مجید دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. رضوانی محمد رضا استاد، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. بدری سیدعلی دانشیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 382 395 15 08 2018 27 11 2018 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_68568.html

ویژگی برجسته قنات حسن‌آباد به نقش آن در ایجاد همکاری‌های بین‌قلمرویی برمی‌گردد که میان سه حوزه مهریز، ده‌نو و حسن‌آباد در طول 40 کیلومتر پدید آمده و استمرار یافته است. مراقبت از قنات حسن‌آباد تا آخرین چاه که در قلمروی مهریز واقع است صورت می‌گیرد و دو قلمروی پایین‌دست در آن مشارکت دارند. در این مقاله تلاش شده است تا با روش نظریه‌ زمینه‌ای به این سؤال پاسخ داده شود که چگونه جریان آبی مانند قنات حسن‌آباد توانسته است به همگرایی اجتماعی و همکاری میان سه قلمروی ذینفع منجر گردد؟ به این منظور مصاحبه‌شوندگان از مناطق پایین‌دست و بالادست با روش گلوله‌برفی انتخاب شدند و پرسش‌ها تا رسیدن به نقطه اشباع نظری ادامه پیدا کرد. سپس در مورد داده‌های میدانی، کدگذاری باز و محوری انجام شد و نهایتاً کدگذاری انتخابی صورت گرفت. روابط میان مفاهیم در مدل مفهومی نشان داده شد و به‌صورت یافته‌های پژوهش شرح داده شدند. در منطقه نفوذ قنات حسن‌آباد، مدلی حاکم است که آن را مدل «سود مشترک» نامیده‌ایم. در این مدل، مجموعه‌ای از عوامل اجتماعی و اقتصادی به‌گونه‌ای ساختارمند منافع بالادست و پایین‌دست را به یکدیگر گره می‌زنند. یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر در این مدل، گستردگی فضایی قنات است که به قنات، نوعی ویژگی قلمرو‌گریزی می‌دهد. درنتیجه، دینامیک قنات به کمرنگ شدن قلمرو و به‌تبع آن کاهش هویت قلمرویی منجر می‌گردد و همین امر، امکان همکاری در دو سوی مرزهای قلمرو را آسان‌تر می‌کند.

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Validation and Quality Assessment in QUAN, QUAL, and Mixed Method Research. Methodology of Social Sciences and Humanities, 24(94): 23-45. Allan J. A. (2002). Hydro-Peace in the Middle East: Why no Water Wars? A Case Study of the Jordan River Basin. SAIS Review vol. XXII no. 2 , Summer–Fall 2002. Axelrod R. (1984). The Evolution of Cooperation. New York: Basic Books Inc. Publishers. Beaumont, P. (1989). The Qanat: a Means of Water Provision from Groundwater Sources. In P. Beaumont, M. Bonine, & K. McLachlan (Eds.), Qanat, Kariz and Khattara: Traditional Water Systems in the Middle East and North Africa (pp. 13-31). London: The Middle East Center, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. Behnia A. (1988). Building and Looking after Qanat (in Persian). Tehran: Markaz Nashr Daneshgahi. Bonine M. (1989). Qanats, Field Systems and Morphology: Rectangularity on the Iranian Plateau. 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A New Approach towards Qanats in Iran and their Distribution across Different Geographical Regions (in Persian). In: Research Geographical Journal, No. 23, Winter 1991. Glaser B. G., Strauss A. L. (1965). Awareness of dying. Chicago: Aldine. Glaser B. G., Strauss A. L. (2006). The Discovery of Grounded Theory Strategies for Qualitative Research. USA: AldineTransaction Goblot H. (1979). Les Qanats. Une technique d’acquisition de L’Eau. Paris: Mouton. Hardin G. (1968). The Tragedy of the Commons. Science, New Series, Vol. 162, No. 3859 (Dec. 13, 1968): 1243-1248. Janebollahi M. S. (1990). Water Division, Transaction and Accounting in Traditional Irrigation in Meybod (in Persian). Geographical Research Journal, No. 2, Summer 1990. Kamalvand, S. (2014). Re-use of Hasan Abad Qanat. International Workshop on Water and the City, Yazd: International Center on Qanats and Historic Hydraulic Structures. Kazemeini M. M. (2003). Encyclopedia of Yazd Celebrities (in Persian). Vol. 2, Yazd: Reyhanat al-Rassol Research and Cultural Foundation. Labbaf Khaneiki M. (2006). Water Division Systems in Iran (in Persian). Tehran: Iran National Water Treasury. Labbaf Khaneiki M., Semsar Yazdi A. (2015). Qanat Tourism. International Center on Qanats and Historic Hydraulic Structures (ICQHS), Iran Water Resources Management Company. Lambton A. (1983). Landlord and Peasant in Persia (Persian translation). Translated by Manoochehr Amiri, 3rd edition, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publications. Lambton A.K.S. (1989). The Origin, Diffusion and Functioning of the Qanat. Qanat, Kariz and Khattara: Traditional Water Systems in the Middle East and North Africa, Edited by Peter Beaumont, Micheal Bonine, Keith McLachlan, London: The Miidle East Center, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 5-12 Mauelshagen F. (2009). Water Politics: Conflict about Limited Resources. Paper presented at The Annual Meeting of the Catholic Academic Exchange Program, Bonn, Germany, 24 April, 2009. Ostrom E. (1990). Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge University Press. Papoli Yazdi M. H. & Labbaf Khaneiki M. (2004). Qanats of Taft (in Persian). Mashhad: Papoli Publication. Papoli Yazdi M.H., Labbaf Khaneiki M., Labbaf Khaneiki R.A., Jalali A. (2000). Qanat of Qasabeh as a Myth (in Persian). Khorasan Regional Water Authority, Mashhad, Iran. Safinejad J. (1996): Qanat of Ebrahim Abad; the Oldest Qanat of Iran (in Persian). Art and Culture Researches Journal of Central Province, Fall and Winter 1996. Safinejad J. (2017). Qanat in Iran and its Traditional Operation Methods (in Persian). Tehran: Iran Water Resources Management Company. Semsar Yazdi A., Labbaf Khaneiki M., Dehghan M. B. (2005). A Survey on the Qanats of Bam from Technical and Engineering Point of View. UNESCO Tehran Cluster Office, ICQHS, Tehran. Shenton A. K. (2004). Strategies for Ensuring Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research Projects. Education for Information, 22 (2004): 63–75. Wolf A. T. (2007). Shared Waters: Conflict and Cooperation, Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 32: 1–29.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.249581.1207 اقتصاد روستایی تحلیل مقایسه‌ای سرمایه‌گذاری در توسعه صنایع تبدیلی کشاورزی با بهره‌گیری از روش اقتصاد مهندسی و تکنیک دلفی (موردمطالعه: شهرستان همدان) تحلیل مقایسه‌ای سرمایه‌گذاری در توسعه صنایع تبدیلی کشاورزی با بهره‌گیری از روش اقتصاد مهندسی و تکنیک دلفی بلالی حمید دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. قزوینه سارا دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. موحدی رضا دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 396 407 05 01 2018 15 03 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_71810.html

هدف اصلی این تحقیق تحلیل مقایسه‌ای اولویت‌بندی سرمایه‌گذاری در صنایع تبدیلی کشاورزی شهرستان همدان در دو رویکرد کمی و کیفی شامل تکنیک‌های اقتصاد مهندسی و دلفی است. این تحقیق از نظر هدف کاربردی و ازنظر نحوه گردآوری داده‌ها غیرآزمایشی است. در تحقیق حاضر، ابتدا با استفاده از تکنیک دلفی گزینه‌های قابل انتخاب طبق نظر کارشناسان و صاحب‌نظران استخراج و سپس به روش‌های آماری اولویت‌بندی گردیدند. همچنین با استفاده از رویکرد تحلیل اقتصاد مهندسی و با برآورد متغیرهایی نظیر هزینه‌های ثابت سرمایه‌گذاری، هزینه‌های تولید، استهلاک، دارایی‌ها و ساختار درآمدی پروژه‌ها، و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار کامفار ш بازده اقتصادی سرمایه‌گذاری در صنایع مختلف تبدیلی استان محاسبه گردید. ارزیابی اقتصادی پروژه‌ها و اولویت‌بندی آن‌ها در تکنیک اقتصاد مهندسی با استفاده از معیارهای خالص ارزش فعلی (NPW)، نرخ بازگشت سرمایه (ROR) و هزینه ایجاد هر شغل صورت پذیرفت. طبق نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از روش دلفی، صنایع مرتبط با محصولاتی نظیر سیر و سیب‌زمینی با در نظر گرفتن تمامی شاخص‌ها در اولویت‌های اول و پس‌ از آن صنایع تولید ترشی‌ و کنسرو میوه و کمپوت‌ها در اولویت‌های بعدی قرارگرفتند. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق و با در نظر گرفتن معیار نرخ بازگشت سرمایه (ROR)، طرح تولید ترشیجات اولویت اول، تولید کشمش اولویت دوم، تولید پودر سیب‌زمینی اولویت سوم، و بر اساس شاخص هزینه ایجاد یک شغل، طرح تولید ترشیجات اولویت اول، و طرح تولید کمپوست کشاورزی اولویت دهم را به خود اختصاص دادند. 

 اقتصاد مهندسی تکنیک دلفی سرمایه‌گذاری صنایع تبدیلی تحلیل مقایسه‌ای Balali. H., Saadi. H., & Ghazvineh. S, (2015). Investment Prioritizing of Food and Agricultural Processing Industries (Case Study of Hamedan City). Hournal of Research and Rural Planning, Vol.4, No, 9. Bhalla. A.S., (1982). Rural Industrialization and New Economic Policies in Human (China). World Employment Programme Reaearch, 8(5), 37. Daroogheh, J. and Mohammadi, T.(2005). Investing in Uncertainty (Case Study of Iranian Economy). Journal of Pajooheshnameh Eghtesadi, 4(3): 49-80. Davarpanah, A.A. Nooripour, M. And Sharifi, Z. (2014). [The role of agricultural processing industries in reducing agricultural products waste in rural areas, case study Dashte Room (Persian)].Rural development strategies, 1(4), 39-54. Fathirasekh. M., (2006). Kamfar software pamphlet. Ghaderpour, L. Mousavi, S.N, & Farajzadeh, Z.(2015). The effect of government support policies on the supply of agricultural conversion units(In persian). Two Quarterly Journal of Economic Development and Planning Research. 4(2): 93-101. Ghanbari, S. & Miraki Anari, H.(2017). Locating the Conversion and Supplementary Industries of the Agricultural Division in the Town of Khanmyrza Town of Lordegan( In persian). Journal of Space Economics and Rural Development, 4(6): 177-194. Hsu. Ch. and Sandford.  B.A., (2008). The Delphi technique: making sense of consensus. Available from: http://pareonline.net/pdf/v12n10.pdf. Jahangiri. A. and Nasiri. M., (2007). [Evaluation and industrial investment priorities using taxonomic techniques (Persian)]. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, “Management”, 7 (25), 53-72. Keeney. S., Hasson. F. and McKenna. H.P., (2001). A critical review of the Delphi technique as a research methodology for nursing. Int J Nurs Stud, 38(2), 195-200. Keihanihekmat. R. and Fathipoor. Gh. (2010). Rating industrial activities in Hamedan province based on the relative merits of cooperative and competitive (Persian). Reviews of Commerce, 8(44), 2-18. Masumzade. M. and Torabzade. A. (2004). Ranking of the country’s industrial production (Persian). Business Journal, 8 (30), 67-81. Mohammadpour Zarandi, M. E. & Shahriari, M.(2011). Economic Analysis of Investment Projects in a Fuzzy Banking System. Journal of Engineering and Management of Securities. Vol.8. 1-9. Moheban, P. Moosavi, N. And Najafi, B. (2016). [Efficiency of processing industries in Iran (Persian)].Agricultural economic researches journal, 8 (4),10-79. Moradi Ghezli, Kh. Agahi, H. Zarafshani, K. And Papzan, A. (2015). [Qualitative analysis of challenges facing fruits processing industries in Kermanshah province (Nvivo application), (Persian)]. Rural research journal, 6(3),483-514. Naderi Mahdei, K. Mahmoodian, H. And Saadi, H. (2015). [The effect of agricultural processing industries on life standard (case study of Bahar rural areas) (Persian)]. Rural development strategies, 2(1), 43-59. Noori zamanabadi H., Beikmohammadi. H., Taghdisi. A. and Shafiei. P., (2010). [Prioritizing small industries and workshops in rural areas of ARDESTAN city by Delphi (Persian)].Journal of Rural and Development, 13(2), 61-79. Noori zamanabadi. H. and Nilipoor tabatabaei. SH., (2007). [Further prioritize development of processing industry and agricultural sector using the Delphi method Falavarjan city - Isfahan Province (Persian)].Journal of Geographical Research, 39(61), 161-177. Oskoonejhad. M.M., (1996). [Engineering economic or Economic evaluation of industrial projects (Persian)]. Tehran: Amir Kabir University. Pahlavani. A., (2009). [Prioritize investments using group decision Topsis hierarchical fuzzy environment (Persian)]. Industrial Management, 1(2), 35-54. Pourramezan, E. and Akbari, Z.(2013). The Effects of the Conversion and Supplementary Industries of the Agricultural Sector on the Rural Economy, Case (Study: Central District of Rasht)( In Persian). Journal of Space Economics and Rural Development, 3(4): 145-164. Sanayei. A. and Moalem. S., (2002). [Ranking of industrial activities in the production and export of various industrial sectors based on comparative and competitive advantages (Persian)]. Commercial Journal, 6(23), 37-72. Sharma. K.D., Pathania. M.S. and Lai. H., (2010). Value chain Analysis and Financial viability of Agro- processing Industries in Himachal Pradesh. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 23, 515- 522. Shirzour. Z. (2006). [Industry-level analysis of the advantages of Khorasan province (Persian)]. M.Sc. thesis Mashhad: Ferdowsi University of Economics. Tabibian, S.M.(2010). Macroeconomics, 9th edition, Institute for Advanced Studies in Planning and Development, Tehran. Tafazzoli, F.(2016). Macroeconomics: Economic Theories and Policies, 20th edition, Nasr-e-e ney Publication, Teharn. Vesal, Z. Khajeshahkoohi, A. And Najafikani, A. (2018). [The role of small industries in socio-economic development of rural areas: case of central sector in Fariman County (Persian)].Space economy and rural development quarterly, 6 (19), 61-76. Zarghami. M. (2002). An economic analysis of investment projects in some selected industries in agriculture. A research project from Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tehran: deputy minister of research and technology of university of jihad._||_ Balali. H., Saadi. H., & Ghazvineh. S, (2015). Investment Prioritizing of Food and Agricultural Processing Industries (Case Study of Hamedan City). Hournal of Research and Rural Planning, Vol.4, No, 9. Bhalla. A.S., (1982). Rural Industrialization and New Economic Policies in Human (China). World Employment Programme Reaearch, 8(5), 37. Daroogheh, J. and Mohammadi, T.(2005). Investing in Uncertainty (Case Study of Iranian Economy). Journal of Pajooheshnameh Eghtesadi, 4(3): 49-80. Davarpanah, A.A. Nooripour, M. And Sharifi, Z. (2014). [The role of agricultural processing industries in reducing agricultural products waste in rural areas, case study Dashte Room (Persian)].Rural development strategies, 1(4), 39-54. Fathirasekh. M., (2006). Kamfar software pamphlet. Ghaderpour, L. Mousavi, S.N, & Farajzadeh, Z.(2015). The effect of government support policies on the supply of agricultural conversion units(In persian). Two Quarterly Journal of Economic Development and Planning Research. 4(2): 93-101. Ghanbari, S. & Miraki Anari, H.(2017). Locating the Conversion and Supplementary Industries of the Agricultural Division in the Town of Khanmyrza Town of Lordegan( In persian). Journal of Space Economics and Rural Development, 4(6): 177-194. Hsu. Ch. and Sandford.  B.A., (2008). The Delphi technique: making sense of consensus. Available from: http://pareonline.net/pdf/v12n10.pdf. Jahangiri. A. and Nasiri. M., (2007). [Evaluation and industrial investment priorities using taxonomic techniques (Persian)]. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, “Management”, 7 (25), 53-72. Keeney. S., Hasson. F. and McKenna. H.P., (2001). A critical review of the Delphi technique as a research methodology for nursing. Int J Nurs Stud, 38(2), 195-200. Keihanihekmat. R. and Fathipoor. Gh. (2010). Rating industrial activities in Hamedan province based on the relative merits of cooperative and competitive (Persian). Reviews of Commerce, 8(44), 2-18. Masumzade. M. and Torabzade. A. (2004). Ranking of the country’s industrial production (Persian). Business Journal, 8 (30), 67-81. Mohammadpour Zarandi, M. E. & Shahriari, M.(2011). Economic Analysis of Investment Projects in a Fuzzy Banking System. Journal of Engineering and Management of Securities. Vol.8. 1-9. Moheban, P. Moosavi, N. And Najafi, B. (2016). [Efficiency of processing industries in Iran (Persian)].Agricultural economic researches journal, 8 (4),10-79. Moradi Ghezli, Kh. Agahi, H. Zarafshani, K. And Papzan, A. (2015). [Qualitative analysis of challenges facing fruits processing industries in Kermanshah province (Nvivo application), (Persian)]. Rural research journal, 6(3),483-514. Naderi Mahdei, K. Mahmoodian, H. And Saadi, H. (2015). [The effect of agricultural processing industries on life standard (case study of Bahar rural areas) (Persian)]. Rural development strategies, 2(1), 43-59. Noori zamanabadi H., Beikmohammadi. H., Taghdisi. A. and Shafiei. P., (2010). [Prioritizing small industries and workshops in rural areas of ARDESTAN city by Delphi (Persian)].Journal of Rural and Development, 13(2), 61-79. Noori zamanabadi. H. and Nilipoor tabatabaei. SH., (2007). [Further prioritize development of processing industry and agricultural sector using the Delphi method Falavarjan city - Isfahan Province (Persian)].Journal of Geographical Research, 39(61), 161-177. Oskoonejhad. M.M., (1996). [Engineering economic or Economic evaluation of industrial projects (Persian)]. Tehran: Amir Kabir University. Pahlavani. A., (2009). [Prioritize investments using group decision Topsis hierarchical fuzzy environment (Persian)]. Industrial Management, 1(2), 35-54. Pourramezan, E. and Akbari, Z.(2013). The Effects of the Conversion and Supplementary Industries of the Agricultural Sector on the Rural Economy, Case (Study: Central District of Rasht)( In Persian). Journal of Space Economics and Rural Development, 3(4): 145-164. Sanayei. A. and Moalem. S., (2002). [Ranking of industrial activities in the production and export of various industrial sectors based on comparative and competitive advantages (Persian)]. Commercial Journal, 6(23), 37-72. Sharma. K.D., Pathania. M.S. and Lai. H., (2010). Value chain Analysis and Financial viability of Agro- processing Industries in Himachal Pradesh. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 23, 515- 522. Shirzour. Z. (2006). [Industry-level analysis of the advantages of Khorasan province (Persian)]. M.Sc. thesis Mashhad: Ferdowsi University of Economics. Tabibian, S.M.(2010). Macroeconomics, 9th edition, Institute for Advanced Studies in Planning and Development, Tehran. Tafazzoli, F.(2016). Macroeconomics: Economic Theories and Policies, 20th edition, Nasr-e-e ney Publication, Teharn. Vesal, Z. Khajeshahkoohi, A. And Najafikani, A. (2018). [The role of small industries in socio-economic development of rural areas: case of central sector in Fariman County (Persian)].Space economy and rural development quarterly, 6 (19), 61-76. Zarghami. M. (2002). An economic analysis of investment projects in some selected industries in agriculture. A research project from Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tehran: deputy minister of research and technology of university of jihad.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.250670.1216 اقتصاد روستایی شناسایی معضلات کانال‌های توزیع محصولات باغی (موردمطالعه: سازمان مرکزی میوه و تره‌بار استان تهران) شناسایی معضلات کانال‌های توزیع محصولات باغی اکبری مرتضی دانشیار، گروه کارآفرینی فناورانه، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. اسدپور محمدرضا دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت بازرگانی- بازاریابی، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. کریمیان راوندی محمد کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی- بازاریابی، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران. حسینی کوپائی شهاب الدین کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت منابع انسانی- اسلامی،گروه مدیریت منابع انسانی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 408 423 03 02 2018 25 06 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_71811.html

آسیب‌ها و معضلات کانال‌های توزیع سبب می‌شود که از اثربخشی و کارایی کانال‌های توزیع کاسته شده و نتایج آن به‌صورت کاهش سود توزیع‌کنندگان، تولیدکنندگان و کاهش رضایت مشتریان بروز یابد. باتوجه‌به این، هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی مسائل کانال‌های توزیع و بازار‌رسانی این‌گونه محصولات است. این پژوهش به کمک روش تحقیق کیفی و ابزار مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته برای تحلیل مسئله اصلی پژوهش به اجرا درآمد. این تحقیق از نوع مطالعه موردی بوده و جامعه آماری پژوهش، مدیران و کارکنان سازمان میادین میوه و تره‌بار و تعدادی از مدیران شرکت‌های حمل‌و‌نقل و توزیع محصولات باغی استان تهران است؛ نمونه‌ها به تعداد 18 نفر و با روش گلوله‌برفی و از بین کارکنان و مدیران سازمان مرکزی میوه و تره‌بار و شرکت‌های حمل‌و‌نقل مرتبط در استان تهران و جهاد کشاورزی و همچنین کارشناسان و خبرگان جهاد کشاورزی و باغداران گرامی، انتخاب شده‌اند که با روش تحلیل ‌تِم بررسی شده است. درنهایت با تحلیل مصاحبه‌ها ، معضلات کانال‌های توزیع و بازار‌رسانی به دو دسته مستقیم و غیر‌مستقیم دسته‌بندی شده که به‌ترتیب عوامل مستقیم شامل شبکه حمل‌ونقل، انبار و نگهداری، توزیع و پخش، بسته‌بندی و عوامل غیر‌مستقیم شامل واردات، کشاورزی سنتی و سیاست‌های اجرایی هستند. همچنین نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که واسطه‌گری بی‌قیدوبند، نبود سیستم رسمی و قانونمند توزیع و نظام حمل‌و‌نقل فرسوده و ناکارآمد از مشکلات اساسی کانال‌های توزیع محصولات باغی هستند.

 کانال توزیع محصولات باغی میادین میوه و تره‌بار واسطه‌گری Armstrong, G. (2008). Principles of marketing. Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Baker, M. J. (2014). Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan. Boso, N., Story, V. M., & Cadogan, J. W. (2013). Entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, network ties, and performance: Study of entrepreneurial firms in a developing economy. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(6), 708-727. Christopher, M. (2016). Logistics & supply chain management. Pearson UK. Dekker, R., Fleischmann, M., Inderfurth, K., & van Wassenhove, L. N. (Eds.). (2013). Reverse logistics: quantitative models for closed-loop supply chains. Springer Science & Business Media. Farajzadeh, Z. (2009), The role of marketing of agricultural products in the rural taaonihai in Iran. Gervais, A. (2015). Product quality and firm heterogeneity in international trade. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, 48(3), 1152-1174. Hollensen, S. (2015). Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Kotler, P., Keller, K. L., Manceau, D., & Hémonnet-Goujot, A. (2015). Marketing management (Vol. 14). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Kumar, V., Jones, E., Venkatesan, R., & Leone, R. P. (2011). Is market orientation a source of sustainable competitive advantage or simply the cost of competing?. Journal of marketing, 75(1), 16-30. Leppäkoski, E., Gollasch, S., & Olenin, S. (Eds.). (2013). Invasive aquatic species of Europe. Distribution, impacts and management. Springer Science & Business Media. Mabert, V. A., & Venkataramanan, M. A. (1998). Special research focus on supply chain linkages: challenges for design and management in the 21st century. Decision Sciences, 29(3), 537-552. Mayer, T., Melitz, M. J., & Ottaviano, G. I. (2014). Market size, competition, and the product mix of exporters. The American Economic Review, 104(2), 495-536. Pettijohn, C. E., Pettijohn, L. S., & Taylor, A. J. (2002). The influence of salesperson skill, motivation, and training on the practice of customer-oriented selling. Psychology & Marketing, 19(9), 743-757. Raei jadidi, m., sabohi; sabooni, M. (2009). planning for agronomic traits using multiple fuzzy hedfh planning model, Journal of sustainable agricultural knowledge, vol. 11-22, no. 1, 2.20. Rahbar, E., & Abdul Wahid, N. (2011). Investigation of green marketing tools' effect on consumers' purchase behavior. Business strategy series, 12(2), 73-83. Rexhausen, D., Pibernik, R., & Kaiser, G. (2012). Customer-facing supply chain practices—The impact of demand and distribution management on supply chain success. Journal of Operations Management, 30(4), 269-281. Stark, J. (2015). Product lifecycle management. In Product Lifecycle Management (pp. 1-29). Springer International Publishing. Rushton, A., Croucher, P., & Baker, P. (2014). The handbook of logistics and distribution management: Understanding the supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Ryan Gery w. (2003). techniques to identify themes, sage  publication, University of Florida. Tavassoli, B. (2008). A survey of marketing agricultural products tnegnahay, Loaders, master's thesis. Thomas D. R. (2003). A general inductive approach for qualitative data analysis, university of Auckland, New Zealand. Urde, M., Baumgarth, C., & Merrilees, B. (2013). Brand orientation and market orientation- from alternatives to synergy. Journal of Business Research, 66(1), 13-20. Zare, Sh., (2007). Economic study of production and marketing of agricultural products in Fars province, Loaders, master's thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shiraz._||_ Armstrong, G. (2008). Principles of marketing. Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Baker, M. J. (2014). Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan. Boso, N., Story, V. M., & Cadogan, J. W. (2013). Entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, network ties, and performance: Study of entrepreneurial firms in a developing economy. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(6), 708-727. Christopher, M. (2016). Logistics & supply chain management. Pearson UK. Dekker, R., Fleischmann, M., Inderfurth, K., & van Wassenhove, L. N. (Eds.). (2013). Reverse logistics: quantitative models for closed-loop supply chains. Springer Science & Business Media. Farajzadeh, Z. (2009), The role of marketing of agricultural products in the rural taaonihai in Iran. Gervais, A. (2015). Product quality and firm heterogeneity in international trade. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, 48(3), 1152-1174. Hollensen, S. (2015). Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Kotler, P., Keller, K. L., Manceau, D., & Hémonnet-Goujot, A. (2015). Marketing management (Vol. 14). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Kumar, V., Jones, E., Venkatesan, R., & Leone, R. P. (2011). Is market orientation a source of sustainable competitive advantage or simply the cost of competing?. Journal of marketing, 75(1), 16-30. Leppäkoski, E., Gollasch, S., & Olenin, S. (Eds.). (2013). Invasive aquatic species of Europe. Distribution, impacts and management. Springer Science & Business Media. Mabert, V. A., & Venkataramanan, M. A. (1998). Special research focus on supply chain linkages: challenges for design and management in the 21st century. Decision Sciences, 29(3), 537-552. Mayer, T., Melitz, M. J., & Ottaviano, G. I. (2014). Market size, competition, and the product mix of exporters. The American Economic Review, 104(2), 495-536. Pettijohn, C. E., Pettijohn, L. S., & Taylor, A. J. (2002). The influence of salesperson skill, motivation, and training on the practice of customer-oriented selling. Psychology & Marketing, 19(9), 743-757. Raei jadidi, m., sabohi; sabooni, M. (2009). planning for agronomic traits using multiple fuzzy hedfh planning model, Journal of sustainable agricultural knowledge, vol. 11-22, no. 1, 2.20. Rahbar, E., & Abdul Wahid, N. (2011). Investigation of green marketing tools' effect on consumers' purchase behavior. Business strategy series, 12(2), 73-83. Rexhausen, D., Pibernik, R., & Kaiser, G. (2012). Customer-facing supply chain practices—The impact of demand and distribution management on supply chain success. Journal of Operations Management, 30(4), 269-281. Stark, J. (2015). Product lifecycle management. In Product Lifecycle Management (pp. 1-29). Springer International Publishing. Rushton, A., Croucher, P., & Baker, P. (2014). The handbook of logistics and distribution management: Understanding the supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Ryan Gery w. (2003). techniques to identify themes, sage  publication, University of Florida. Tavassoli, B. (2008). A survey of marketing agricultural products tnegnahay, Loaders, master's thesis. Thomas D. R. (2003). A general inductive approach for qualitative data analysis, university of Auckland, New Zealand. Urde, M., Baumgarth, C., & Merrilees, B. (2013). Brand orientation and market orientation- from alternatives to synergy. Journal of Business Research, 66(1), 13-20. Zare, Sh., (2007). Economic study of production and marketing of agricultural products in Fars province, Loaders, master's thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shiraz.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.278281.1345 اقتصاد روستایی ارزیابی عملکرد زنجیره تأمین فرآورده‌های لبنی مناطق روستایی شهرستان کرمانشاه ارزیابی عملکرد زنجیره تأمین فرآورده‌های لبنی مناطق روستایی شهرستان کرمانشاه امامی نامیوندی سمیرا کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی، گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران. مرادنژادی همایون دانشیار، گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران. صی محمدی سمیره استادیار، گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 424 437 19 03 2019 07 09 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_72955.html

پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی عملکرد زنجیره تأمین فرآورده‌های لبنی مناطق روستایی شهرستان کرمانشاه انجام شده است. نمونه آماری این پژوهش شامل سه جامعه کارکنان کارخانه شیر بیستون، فروشندگان محصولات لبنی و گاوداری‌های شهرستان کرمانشاه به تعداد 638 نفر بود که با استفاده از جدول مورگان 240 نفر به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب گردید. داده‌ها به‌وسیله پرسشنامه محقق ساخته گردآوری شد. روایی پرسشنامه را 3 نفر از متخصصین گروه توسعه روستایی دانشگاه ایلام تأیید کردند و پایایی آن نیز با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ با مقدار 847/0تعیین گردید. به‌منظور تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون F یا تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه، ضریب همبستگی و رگرسیون با استفاده از نرم‌افزار spss20 استفاده گردید. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که متغیرهای جریان اطلاعات و هماهنگی میان اعضای شبکه، بازاریابی و فروش، رضایت مشتری و حمل‌ونقل از وضعیت مطلوبی برخوردار هستند. با استناد به نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه به روش توأم (همزمان) و آزمون F متغیرهای جریان اطلاعات و هماهنگی، بازاریابی و فروش، رضایت مشتری و حمل‌ونقل تأثیر معناداری بر عملکرد زنجیره تأمین دارند درحالی‌که دو متغیر هزینه و انعطاف‌پذیری از وضعیت مطلوب برخوردار نبودند. بنابراین پیشنهاد می‌گردد زنجیره تأمین برای بقای بهتر و استفاده گسترده راهبردهای مناسبی اتخاذ کند که دربردارنده فرآیندهای مختلفی مانند هزینه کمتر و انعطاف‌پذیری بیشتر در فضای کسب‌وکار باشد که باعث بهبود عملکرد کل زنجیره تأمین شود.

 عملکرد زنجیره تأمین زنجیره تأمین محصولات لبنی شهرستان کرمانشاه Agha Gulzadeh, G, H. (2015). Selection of Distribution Networking Strategy in Supply Chain Management, Journal of Resource Management in Law Enforcement,3(3). Amiri, M., Mansouri Mohammad Abadi, S., Shabani, A., Mohammadi, K. (2016). An Analysis of Factors Affecting Supply Chain Performance Using Fusion Approach and Fuzzy Tactical Factor Analysis of Food Industry Companies in Shiraz, Shahrek Industrial Co., Journal of Management & Supply Chain Management, 54. Agricultural Statistics Yearbook. (2011). Ministry of Jihad Agriculture website. Celebi, D., Bayraktar, D. (2008), An integrated neural network and data envelopment analysis for supplier evaluation under incomplete information. Expert System with Applications, 35, 1689-1710. Colin, M., Galindo, R. & Hernández, O. (2015). Information and communication technology as a key strategy for efficient supply chain management in manufacturing SMEs. Procedia Computer Science, 55, 833 - 842. DeGroote, S.E., Marx, T.G. (2013). The impact of IT on supply chain agility and firm performance: An empirical investigation, International Journal of Information Management, 33: 909-916. Farrokhizadeh, F., Moghadasi, M., Farokhzadeh, H. (2016). Identification and Ranking of Factors Related to the Supply Chain Coordination Structure Using Top-Cys Technique (Case Study: A Defense Affiliate Manufacturing Company); Amad Issue, 59, 15. Fernandes, A.C., Paulo, S., Maria, S. C. (2014). Quality Management and Supply Chain Management Integration: A Conceptual Model, Proceeding of International Conference of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Bali, Indonesia, January. Govindaraju,V. G. R. C.,Kaliani Sundram, . V. P.,  Muhammad, A. B., Gunasekaran, A.(2016), "Supply chain practices and performance: the indirect effects of supply chain integration", Benchmarking International Journal, 23(6). Gunasekaran, A., Lai, K., Cheng, E. (2008). Responsive supply chain: a competitive strategy in a networked economy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2006.12.002 Javadian, N., Khani, M., Mahdavi, I. (2011). Identification of Factors Affecting Supply Chain Performance by Improving It Using System Dynamics Method: Drugger, Management Research in Iran, 16(3). Krejci, R. V., Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610. Miyan Abadi, A, A. (2010), Supply Chain Management: Definition, History, Objectives, Processes, Benefits and Barriers, Site Management Solution. Available at: http://mgtsolution.com/olib/100520175.aspx Qrunfleh, S. M. (2010). Alignment of information systems with supply chains:impacts on supply chain performance and organizational performance.Submitted to the graduate faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Manufacturing Management. Rabbani, M., Razmi, J.,  Humorous, N. (2004), a proposed structure for measuring the performance of supply chain management in Iranian industries. First National Conference on Logistics and Supply Chain. Shah Bandarzadeh, H., Pikam, A. (2011). A Model for Identifying the Factors Affecting the Supply Chain Management Approach by Investigating New Texts, National Conference on Industrial Engineering, Tehran, Islamic Azad University. Shafiei, M., Tarmaste, P. (2014). The Effect of Supply Chain Management Processes on Competitive Advantage and Organizational Performance of Enterprises (Case Study of SAPCO Company), Quantitative Studies in Management, 5(2). Stefanović, N., ,.Stefanović, D.(2011). Supply Chain Performance Measurement System Based on Scorecards and Web Portals, 8. Sukati, I., Hamid, A., B. Baharun, R., Yusoff, R. M. (2012). The Study of Supply Chain Management Strategy and Practices on Supply Chain Performance. The 2012 International Conference on Asia Pacific Business Innovation & Technology Management, Procedia - Social & Behavioral Sciences, 40, 225 -233. Wong, C. Y., Boon-itt, S. & Wong, C. W. Y. (2011).The contingency effectsof environmental uncertainty on the relationship between supply chain integration and operational performance. Journal of Operations Management. Ying, J & Li-jun, Z. (Eds.). (2011). The Quantitative Research on the Index System of Supply Chain Performance Measurement Based on SCOR. International Conference on ICCE, AISC112, pp. 382-375. Verlag Berlin Heidelberg._||_ Agha Gulzadeh, G, H. (2015). Selection of Distribution Networking Strategy in Supply Chain Management, Journal of Resource Management in Law Enforcement,3(3). Amiri, M., Mansouri Mohammad Abadi, S., Shabani, A., Mohammadi, K. (2016). An Analysis of Factors Affecting Supply Chain Performance Using Fusion Approach and Fuzzy Tactical Factor Analysis of Food Industry Companies in Shiraz, Shahrek Industrial Co., Journal of Management & Supply Chain Management, 54. Agricultural Statistics Yearbook. (2011). Ministry of Jihad Agriculture website. Celebi, D., Bayraktar, D. (2008), An integrated neural network and data envelopment analysis for supplier evaluation under incomplete information. Expert System with Applications, 35, 1689-1710. Colin, M., Galindo, R. & Hernández, O. (2015). Information and communication technology as a key strategy for efficient supply chain management in manufacturing SMEs. Procedia Computer Science, 55, 833 - 842. DeGroote, S.E., Marx, T.G. (2013). The impact of IT on supply chain agility and firm performance: An empirical investigation, International Journal of Information Management, 33: 909-916. Farrokhizadeh, F., Moghadasi, M., Farokhzadeh, H. (2016). Identification and Ranking of Factors Related to the Supply Chain Coordination Structure Using Top-Cys Technique (Case Study: A Defense Affiliate Manufacturing Company); Amad Issue, 59, 15. Fernandes, A.C., Paulo, S., Maria, S. C. (2014). Quality Management and Supply Chain Management Integration: A Conceptual Model, Proceeding of International Conference of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Bali, Indonesia, January. Govindaraju,V. G. R. C.,Kaliani Sundram, . V. P.,  Muhammad, A. B., Gunasekaran, A.(2016), "Supply chain practices and performance: the indirect effects of supply chain integration", Benchmarking International Journal, 23(6). Gunasekaran, A., Lai, K., Cheng, E. (2008). Responsive supply chain: a competitive strategy in a networked economy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2006.12.002 Javadian, N., Khani, M., Mahdavi, I. (2011). Identification of Factors Affecting Supply Chain Performance by Improving It Using System Dynamics Method: Drugger, Management Research in Iran, 16(3). Krejci, R. V., Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610. Miyan Abadi, A, A. (2010), Supply Chain Management: Definition, History, Objectives, Processes, Benefits and Barriers, Site Management Solution. Available at: http://mgtsolution.com/olib/100520175.aspx Qrunfleh, S. M. (2010). Alignment of information systems with supply chains:impacts on supply chain performance and organizational performance.Submitted to the graduate faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Manufacturing Management. Rabbani, M., Razmi, J.,  Humorous, N. (2004), a proposed structure for measuring the performance of supply chain management in Iranian industries. First National Conference on Logistics and Supply Chain. Shah Bandarzadeh, H., Pikam, A. (2011). A Model for Identifying the Factors Affecting the Supply Chain Management Approach by Investigating New Texts, National Conference on Industrial Engineering, Tehran, Islamic Azad University. Shafiei, M., Tarmaste, P. (2014). The Effect of Supply Chain Management Processes on Competitive Advantage and Organizational Performance of Enterprises (Case Study of SAPCO Company), Quantitative Studies in Management, 5(2). Stefanović, N., ,.Stefanović, D.(2011). Supply Chain Performance Measurement System Based on Scorecards and Web Portals, 8. Sukati, I., Hamid, A., B. Baharun, R., Yusoff, R. M. (2012). The Study of Supply Chain Management Strategy and Practices on Supply Chain Performance. The 2012 International Conference on Asia Pacific Business Innovation & Technology Management, Procedia - Social & Behavioral Sciences, 40, 225 -233. Wong, C. Y., Boon-itt, S. & Wong, C. W. Y. (2011).The contingency effectsof environmental uncertainty on the relationship between supply chain integration and operational performance. Journal of Operations Management. Ying, J & Li-jun, Z. (Eds.). (2011). The Quantitative Research on the Index System of Supply Chain Performance Measurement Based on SCOR. International Conference on ICCE, AISC112, pp. 382-375. Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.278686.1349 اشتغال روستایی تأثیر ابعاد توانمندسازی و نقش میانجیگری خودکارآمدی بر تمایل به راه‌اندازی کسب‌وکار پایدار روستایی تأثیر ابعاد توانمندسازی و نقش میانجیگری خودکارآمدی بر تمایل به راه‌اندازی کسب‌وکار پایدار روستایی قربانی مهدی دانشیار، گروه احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران. حاج علیزاده احمد استادیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد گرمی، گرمی، ایران. حیدروند مسعود دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات، علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 438 451 04 04 2019 04 08 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_72265.html

امروزه توانمندسازی روستاییان یکی از اهداف توسعه‌ای در هر کشور قلمداد می‌شود. در همین راستا، طرح صندوق اعتبارات خرد روستایی با هدف بهبود کیفیت زندگی زنان و مردان روستایی مطرح شده است. بر این اساس، این پژوهش با هدف کلی اثربخشی صندوق اعتبارات خرد روستایی در بهبود زندگی و توانمندسازی آنان در استان کرمان، شهرستان قلعه گنج که بین سال‌های 1397- 1394 تشکیل شده‌اند به‌عنوان یکی از طرح‌های تأمین مالی برای مبارزه با فقر روستاییان بررسی شده است. لذا پژوهش حاضر، با هدف ارزیابی میزان اثر ابعاد توانمندسازی اعضای صندوق اعتبارات خرد روستایی بر تمایل به راه‌اندازی کسب‌وکار بررسی شد. جامعه آماری شامل تمام روستاییان عضو صندوق اعتبارات خرد است. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای و تصادفی 577 نفر تخمین زده شد. ابزار تحقیق پرسشنامه‌ است که روایی آن بر اساس نظر کارشناسان و متخصصان امر اصلاح و تأیید شد و پایایی آن نیز توسط ضریب آلفای کرونباخ در بخش ابعاد توانمندسازی (85/0= α)، خودکارآمدی (92/0= α درصد) و در بخش راه‌اندازی کسب‌وکار (91/0= α درصد) به دست آمد که قابلیت بالای ابزار را جهت جمع‌آوری اطلاعات نشان می‌دهد. جهت انجام تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزار SPSS25 و LISREL8.8 استفاده شده است. یافته‌ها برازش عالی و مناسب مدل‌ ساختاری تحقیق را تأیید نمودند. همچنین ابعاد توانمندسازی دارای تأثیر مثبت و مستقیمی و معنی‌داری بر راه‌اندازی کسب‌وکاراست. علاوه بر این ابعاد توانمندسازی از طریق متغیر میانجی خودکارآمدی نیز دارای تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌داری است.

 توانمندسازی خودکارآمدی تمایل به کارآفرینی صندوق اعتبارات دهستان چاه دادخدا Anderson, D. W., Krajewski, H. T., Goffin, R. D., & Jackson, D. N. (2008). A leadership self-efficacy taxonomy and its relation to effective leadership. The Leadership Quarterly. 19(5): 595–608. Bandura, A. (2006). Going global with social cognitive theory: From prospect to paydirt. In S. I. Donaldson, D. E. Berger, & K. Pezdek (Eds.). Applied psychology: New frontiers and rewarding careers (pp. 53-79). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Chen, C., & Green, G. (1998). Does enterpreneurid self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers?. Journal of Busuines Venturing, 13(3), 137-157. Cummings, T. G., & Worley, C. G. (2014). Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Dudwick, N., Kuehnast, K., Nyhan Jones, V. and Woolcock, M. (2006). Analyzing social capital in context: A guide to using qualitative methods. World Bank Institute, Washington, D.C. Fayolle, A., Linan, F. and Moriano, J. A. (2014). 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A leadership self-efficacy taxonomy and its relation to effective leadership. The Leadership Quarterly. 19(5): 595–608. Bandura, A. (2006). Going global with social cognitive theory: From prospect to paydirt. In S. I. Donaldson, D. E. Berger, & K. Pezdek (Eds.). Applied psychology: New frontiers and rewarding careers (pp. 53-79). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Chen, C., & Green, G. (1998). Does enterpreneurid self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers?. Journal of Busuines Venturing, 13(3), 137-157. Cummings, T. G., & Worley, C. G. (2014). Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Dudwick, N., Kuehnast, K., Nyhan Jones, V. and Woolcock, M. (2006). Analyzing social capital in context: A guide to using qualitative methods. World Bank Institute, Washington, D.C. Fayolle, A., Linan, F. and Moriano, J. A. (2014). Beyond entrepreneurial intentions: values andmotivations in entrepreneurship. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal: 10(1), 1-11. Fukuyama, Francis (2000). Social Capital and Civil Society, IMF Working Paper Wp/00/74, April. Gloria, L. Sweida Rebecca, J. and Reichard, A. (2013). “Gender stereotyping effects on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and high-growth entrepreneurial intention”. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 20 (2), pp 296- 313. Karimi, S., Chizari, M., Biemans, H.J., and Mulder, M., (2012), Entrepreneurshipeducation in Iranian higher education: The current state and challenges.European Journal of Scientific Research, 48(1):  35-50. Karimi, Y. (2018). Social Psychology. Payamnoor University Press. 372 pages. Kefela, G. (2011). “Implications of financial literacy in developing countries“. African Journal of Business Management, 5(9), 3699 -3705. Khani, F. (2012). Micro-credit for rural women (needs and barriers). The Conference on micro-credit for rural women. Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies. Luthans, F., Stajkovic, A., & Ibrayera, E. (2000). Enviormental and psychological callenges fading entrepreneuriral develop ment in transitional economic. Journal of World Business, 35(1), 95-110. Mitchelmore, S. & Rowley, J. (2010), Entrepreneurial Competencies: A Literature Review and Development Agenda. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 16(2), pp. 92-111. Mitra, S. and Kundu, A. (2012). “Assessing empowerment through generation of social capital“, Journal of Business and Social Research, 6, PP 72-84. Mollashahi, G.H. (2012). Investigate the role of micro-credit in empowering rural women: study micro credit fund for rural women. First International Conference on Rural Development, University of Sistan and Baluchistan. (In Persian). Müller, S. (2008). Increasing entrepreneurial intention: Effective entrepreneurship course characteristics. Paper presented at the Internationalizing Entrepreneurship Education and Training (IntEnt2008) Conference, Oxford, Ohio, USA, 17–20 July 2008. [Online] Available at: http://www.intent-conference.com/DWD/_621/upload/media_1998.pdf. Accessed: 13 July 2011. Nik Raftar, T., (2011), The effect of personal and social competencies on theentrepreneurial personality (Case Study: Tosee Saderat Bank staff). Entrepreneurship Development, 4(14): 125-143. Sharf, F. (2001). Theories of counseling and psychotherapy. Translated by Firouz Bakht, M., Tehran: Rasa Publication. Stajkovic, A. and Luthans, F. (1998). “Self-efficacy and work-related performance: a meta-analysis”. Psychological Bulletin, 124, pp 240-261. Wilson, F., Kickul, J. and Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: Implications for education. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 5, 378- 406.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.276214.1332 گردشگری روستایی تبیین چارچوبی جهت بسط حمایت از توسعه گردشگری روستایی بر اساس تلفیق نظریه‏ های تبادل اجتماعی و تصویر مکان (موردمطالعه نواحی تالابی استان خوزستان) تبیین چارچوبی جهت بسط حمایت از توسعه گردشگری روستایی بر اساس تلفیق نظریه‏ های تبادل اجتماعی و تصویر مکان مهراب قوچانی امید دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران. غنیان منصور دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران. خسروی‌پور بهمن استاد، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران. کراتز جان استاد، گروه مدیریت گردشگری، دانشکده کسب‌وکار، کالج چارلستون، کارولینای جنوبی، آمریکا. 22 11 2019 10 3 452 469 16 02 2019 25 06 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_71822.html

این مطالعه با هدف تبیین عوامل اثرگذار بر حمایت از توسعه گردشگری در میان ساکنین روستاهای حوزه تالاب‏های استان خوزستان با تمرکز بر توسعه چارچوبی مفهومی بر پایه نظریه تبادل اجتماعی و تصویر مکان انجام شد. ابزار جمع‏آوری اطلاعات در این مطالعه پرسشنامه‏ای محقق ساخت بود که پایایی آن با استفاده از پایایی ترکیبی و همچنین محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ و روایی آن به سه شیوه صوری، سازه‏ای و تشخیصی تأیید گردید. جامعه آماری در این مطالعه، خانوارهای ساکن در ‏روستاهای حوزه چهار تالاب گردشگری استان خوزستان (شادگان، میانگران، بامدژ و هورالعظیم) بود که با استفاده از روش نمونه‏گیری طبقه‏ای نمونه‏ای به حجم 316 خانوار از میان آن‏ها انتخاب و به‌منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‏ها از نرم‏افزارهای SPSS و AMOS بهره گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که چارچوب توسعه‌یافته‏ در این مطالعه بر مبنای نظریه تبادل اجتماعی و تصویر مکان توانسته است برازش مناسبی با داده‏ها ایجاد نموده و تعداد بیشتری از متغیرهای مؤثر بر حمایت از توسعه گردشگری در میان ساکنین روستاهای حوزه تالاب‏های استان خوزستان را شناسایی نماید. از میان متغیرهای مؤثر شناسایی‌شده در چارچوب مفهومی مذکور، متغیرهای آگاهی و تصویر مکان بر ادراک آثار اجتماعی-فرهنگی گردشگری و ادراک آثار اجتماعی - فرهنگی گردشگری، بر نگرش نسبت به توسعه گردشگری و حمایت از توسعه گردشگری در میان ساکنین روستاهای حوزه تالاب‏های استان خوزستان تالاب تأثیرگذار بود.

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JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.279360.1352 گردشگری روستایی بررسی رابطه بین عوامل مزیت رقابتی پایدار با رضایت و وفاداری گردشگران (موردمطالعه: گردشگری روستایی استان گلستان) بررسی رابطه بین عوامل مزیت رقابتی پایدار با رضایت و وفاداری گردشگران بقایی سعید استادیار مدیریت، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، مؤسسه آموزش عالی شرق گلستان، گنبد کاووس، ایران دادخواه هادی دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد، گروه علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 470 487 16 04 2019 04 08 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_72266.html

گردشگری روستایی نوعی از گردشگری است که قابلیت جذب گردشگران به همراه توسعه روستایی ازطریق درآمد اضافی و کیفیت زندگی بهتر ساکنان و بهبود زیرساخت‌ها را داراست که به‌تازگی موردتوجه قرارگرفته است، این مطالعه با رویکرد تحلیلی - توصیفی از نوع همبستگی به بررسی رابطه بین عوامل مزیت رقابتی پایدار و وفاداری باتوجه‌به نقش میانجی رضایت کلی در صنعت گردشگری روستایی می‌پردازد. جامعه آماری، کلیه بازدیدکنندگان روستاهای گردشگری استان گلستان است و نمونه آماری بر مبنای جدول کرچسی و مورگان برابر 386 گردشگر تعین ‌شده است. برای گردآوری داده‌های لازم از پرسشنامه و برای تعیین روایی و پایایی آن از پیش‌آزمون استفاده ‌شد. روایی پرسشنامه از روش محتوایی، ابزار و سازه و پایایی از روش محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. نویسندگان ضمن مرور کامل مبانی نظری و انتخاب اعضای نمونه آماری با روش تصادفی ساده، فرضیه‌های پژوهش را با روش مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری، سنجش کرده‌اند. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل معادلات ساختاری توسط نرم‌افزار لیزرل 8/8 نشان داد که بین کیفیت، ارزش، تصویر و رضایتمندی با رضایت کلی رابطه معنی‌داری وجود دارد و همچنین بین کیفیت، ارزش، تصویر، رضایتمندی و رضایت کلی با وفاداری نیز رابطه معنی‌داری وجود دارد.

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An examination of tourists’ attitudinal and behavioral loyalty: Comparison between domestic and international tourists. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 15(2), 129–148. Moeinfard, M, Esmaeili, MH, Shooshinasab, P,. Bansbordi, A. (2017). The relationship between the dimensions of service quality as well as the satisfaction of tourist tourists in Mashhad's water parks,. Journal of Sport Management and Motor Behavior, 13(26), 223-236. Molazemolhosseini, M., Rojuee, M., Moradi, M. (2017). The Effects of the Development of Tourist Sites on Satisfaction of Religious Tourists (Case Study: Mashhad as a Metropolis). Tourism Management Studies, 12(39), 123-142. Murphy, P., Pritchard, M. P., & Smith, B. (2000). The destination product and its impact on traveller perceptions. Tourism Management, 21(1), 43–52. Noorian., M, (2016). Structural equations modeling with Lisrel, Bishe Publications. Oliver, R. L. (1999). Whence consumer loyalty? Journal of Marketing, 63, 33–44. parvazi, M. (2017). Analyzing the Special Value of Urban Tourism Brand (Case Study: Baneh Border City). Geography (Regional Planning), 7(1), 49-69. Phillips, W. J., Wolfe, K., Hodur, N., & Leistritz, F. L. (2013). Tourist word of mouth and revisit intentions to rural tourism destinations: A case of North Dakota, USA. International Journal of Tourism Research, 15(1), 93–104. Prayag, G., & Ryan, (2012). Antecedents of tourists’ loyalty to Mauritius: The role and influence of destination image, place attachment, personal involvement, and satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 51(3), 342–356. Ramezanzade, M,. (2016). Evaluation of major determinants of loyalty in rural tourism (case study: villages of rural districts of Goleijan.Tonekabon). Geografical Association, 14(49), 79-94. Rivera, M. A., & Croes, R. (2010). Ecotourists’ loyalty: Will they tell about the destination or will they return? Journal of Ecotourism, 9(2), 85–103. Shirkhodaie, M., Alizadeh Sani, M., Amoli Diva, F. (2016). Examining the Effect of Destination Image on Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions in Health Tourism (Case Study: Lavij Spa). Journal of Taourism Planning and Development, 5(17), 128-145. Sun, X., Chi, C. G. Q., & Xu, H. (2013). Developing destination loyalty: The case of Hainan Island. Annals of Tourism Research, 43, 547–577. Yoon, Y., & Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: A structural model. Tourism Management, 26 (1), 45–56. Žabkar, V., Brenčič, M. M., & Dmitrović, T. (2010). Modelling perceived quality, visitor satisfaction and behavioural intentions at the destination level. Tourism Management, 31(4), 537–546.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.283378.1368 اقتصاد روستایی ردیابی و ساخت رابطه‌ای فضاهای توسعه اقتصاد نخل‌داری؛ قابلیت تجاری محصول خرما در ناحیه مَکُّران ردیابی و ساخت رابطه‌ای فضاهای توسعه اقتصاد نخل‌داری؛ قابلیت تجاری محصول خرما در ناحیه مَکُّران راستی هادی دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران. برقی حمید دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران. صیدایی سید اسکندر دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران. بریمانی فرامرز استاد، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 488 507 12 06 2019 07 09 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_72956.html

اقتصاد نخل‌داری در کشورهای کمتر توسعه‌یافته ازجمله ایران -که تولیدکننده عمده این محصول به شمار می‌رود- در زمینه عملکرد، زیرساخت‌های تولید و نگهداری، بازار رسانی و... با چالش‌های زیادی مواجه است. از این رو درک ماهیت و پویایی رابطه‌های بین کنشگران در این زمینه اهمیت ویژه‌ای دارد. بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر ردیابی و ساخت رابطه‌های فضایی بین کنشگران انسانی و غیرانسانی درزمینه قابلیت تجاری محصول خرما به‌منظور توسعه کارکردهای اقتصاد نخل‌داری در ناحیه مکران است. این پژوهش مبتنی بر روش ترکیبی (راهبرد متوالی- تغییرپذیر) است. جامعه آماری شامل 17493 بهره‌بردار خرما و 32 کارشناس کشاورزی است. برای نمونه‌گیری از روش هدفمند - احتمالی و برای تعیین اندازه نمونه در مرحله کیفی از معیار «کفایت اطلاعات» و در مرحله کمّی از معیار «نمایندگی (معرف بودن)» به کمک روش کوکران استفاده شده است. روش تحلیل، «تحلیل ترکیبی متوالی» بر اساس راهبرد کیفی - کمّی متوالی است. داده‌های کیفی به کمک نرم‌افزار «NVIVO» و داده‌های کمّی با روش‌های آماری در نرم‌افزار «SPSS» پردازش و تحلیل شده‌اند. تحلیل و استنتاج نهایی داده‌ها بر اساس استدلال لاتور (1987) به روش «ترجمه» صورت گرفته است. نتایج نشان داد که رابطه‌های فضایی گوناگونی بین‌ کنشگران (انسانی و غیرانسانی) برقرار و یا در حال شکل‌گیری است. بر اساس این رابطه‌ها، موقعیت جغرافیایی، اقلیم، نخل خرما، بهره‌بردار، سرمایه، بازار هدف، سردخانه، دولت، فاصله فضایی، فناوری حمل‌ونقل -که به ترتیب توانسته‌اند شبکه گسترده‌تر و قوی‌تری از کنشگران با رابطه‌های بادوام شکل دهند- به‌عنوان بازیگران کلیدی و مؤثر در زمینه قابلیت تجاری خرما عاملیت یافته‌اند.

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(2014). Agricultural extension in Balochistan, Pakistan: Date palm farmers’ access and satisfaction. Journal of Mountain Science, 11 (4), 1035-1048. Murdoch, J. (2006). Post-structuralist geography: a guide to relational space. London: SAGE Publications Press. Muller, M. (2015). A half-hearted romance? A diagnosis and agenda for the relationship between economic geography and actor-network theory (ANT). Progress in Human Geography, 39 (1), 65–86. Pishro, H., Mahdavi, M., & Azizi, P. (2010). The role of humans in sustainable rural development in Dashtestan (focusing on economic dimensions), Journal of Human Geography, 2 (3), 145-163. Ruming, K. (2009). Following the Actors: mobilising an actor-network theory methodology in geography. Journal of Australian Geographer, 40 (4), 451-469. Saligheh, M., Barimani, F., & Esmail Nejad, M. (2008). Climatic zoning of Sistan and Baluchestan province, Journal of Geography and Development, 6 (12), 101-116. Singh, J., & Dillon, A. (1995). Agricultural Geography. S. Dehghanian, A. Kuchiki & A. Kolahi Ahari (Trans.), Mashhad: Ferdowsi University Press. Sharifzadeh, R., & Moghadam Haydari, Gh. (2015). From social creation to knowledge to the collective creation of reality: Latour vs. Bleurs, Journal of Methodology of Humanities, 21 (83), 93-120. Shabani, F., Kumar, L., & Taylor, S. (2012). Climate Change Impacts on the Future Distribution of Date Palms: A Modeling Exercise Using CLIMEX. Journal of PLoS One, 7 (10). Shabani, F., Kumar, L., & Taylor, S. (2014). Projecting date palm distribution in Iran under climate change using topography, physicochemical soil properties, soil taxonomy, land use, and climate data. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 118 (3), 553–567. Shoorcheh, M. (2017). Geographical schools. Tehran: Parham-Naghsh Press. Woods, M. (2011). Rural geography (Processes, Responses and Experiences in Rural Restructurin). M. R. Rezvani & Samet Farhadi (Trans.). Tehran: Tehran University Press.
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.276810.1334 اشتغال روستایی برنامه‌ریزی توسعه اشتغال پایدار روستایی با رویکرد PRA مبتنی بر مدل هفت سرمایه (موردشناسی: روستای بغدان شهرستان نیکشهر) برنامه‌ریزی توسعه اشتغال پایدار روستایی با رویکرد PRA مبتنی بر مدل هفت سرمایه ابراهیم زاده آسمین حسین استادیار، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران. ابراهیم زاده عیسی استاد، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی محیطی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران. پایدار ابوذر استادیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی محیطی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 508 525 25 02 2019 12 09 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_72957.html

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تدوین برنامه توسعه و اشتغال پایدار روستایی با تأکید بر روستای بغدان شهرستان نیکشهر انجام شد. گردآوری داده‌ها با استفاده از مدل‌های ارزیابی مشارکتی (PRA) و با بهره‌گیری از تحلیل ساختار اجتماعی و ساختار سازمانی با نمودار Ven، گردش روستایی، ترسیم درخت مشکلات و ماتریس زوجی نیازسنجی صورت گرفته و تحلیل داده‌ها نیز با استفاده از مدل هفت سرمایه و مدل رادار انجام شده است. علاوه بر بررسی‌های میدانی پژوهشگران و بهره‌گیری از دیدگاه صاحب‌نظران دانشگاهی، مشارکت‌کنندگان این پژوهش به‌طور خاص 23 نفر از مردان و زنان صاحب‌نظر روستا بودند که به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب شدند. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل یافته‌ها نشان داد روستای بغدان دارای سرمایه ‌طبیعی و اجتماعی مناسبی است و سرمایه انسانی آن در حال افزایش است. درعین‌حال نتایج تحلیلی حاکی از آن است که در شرایط فعلی این روستا سرمایه فضایی - مکانی مناسبی ندارد، اما در صورت اجرای سناریوی جابه‌جایی پیشنهادی مکان روستا با توجه به زمینه‌های موجود و خواست روستاییان؛ موقعیت فضایی - مکانی جدید، فرصت‌های مناسب اشتغال‌زایی برای روستا و روستاییان ایجاد خواهد کرد. سرمایه زیرساختی روستا هم ضعیف است که البته با اجرای سناریوی جابجایی، این سرمایه روستایی نیز ارتقا خواهد یافت. علاوه بر این سرمایه نهادی روستا ازنظر مستندات قانونی و طرح‌های توسعه گردشگری و کشاورزی و هم ازنظر هماهنگی برنامه‌های بین سازمانی و اثربخشی برنامه‌ها جهت ایجاد اشتغال و معیشت ضعیف است. درنهایت به کمک مدل رادار و برحسب فرصت‌های موجود در هر یک از سرمایه‌های هفت‌گانه روستا؛ برنامه توسعه آتی و اشتغال‌زایی روستای بغدان تبیین و تدوین شد.

 برنامه‌ریزی توسعه اشتغال پایدار ارزیابی مشارکتی (PRA) مدل هفت سرمایه روستای بغدان Alidost, Somayeh, Lashkar-ara, Farhad and Hosseini, Seyyedjamla (2012). Prioritization of Barriers to Entrepreneurship Development in Rural Women in Garmsar County, National Conference on Entrepreneurship Management and Knowledge Based Businesses; Nov. 23, 2012, Three Centers of Entrepreneurship, Development of Technology Units and Relations between Industry and Society and Civillas. (In Persian)   Anabestani, Ali Akbar and Ahmadzadeh, Sahar (2012). Investigating the relationship between spatial and spatial characteristics and factors affecting women's participation in rural society (Dzerab rural district, Mashhad), Journal of Geography and Environmental Studies, Volume 1, Issue 2 , Pages 112-95. (In Persian)   Bethke, L., Good, J., & Thompson, P. (1997). Building Capacities for Risk Reduction. 1st Edition, Disaster Management Training Programme, DHA. Faraheni, Hossein, Rasoolinia, Zakieh and Sedghi, Zahra (2014).Effective Factors on the Growth of Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas Case: Jaberansar Village in Abdanan City, Journal of Rural Space Economics, Year 3, Issue 3, Successive 9, Pages 16-1. (In Persian)   Farajisabkbar, H., S. A. Badri, H. Sojjasi, T. Sadeghloo, & A. Shadadi, khjehasgkr (2011). Prioritize the development of entrepreneurship in rural areas using techniques Prometea (Mzalh case Khoda village near the central city of Zanjan), Human Geography Research, No. 75, pp. S68-53. (In Persian)   Foong, K., and Yorston, R (2003). Human capital measurement and reporting: A British Perspective, London Business School. Ghadiri Masoomsh, Mojtaba, Zianooshin, Mohammad Mehdi and Khorasani, Mohammadamin (2010). Economic Sustainability and its Relationship with Spatial Spatial Properties: A Case Study of Villages of Kohin Village, Kaboodar Azan, Journal of Rural and Development, Vol. 13, No. 2, Pages 29- 1. (in Persian). Hall, Anthony and Mijley, James (2009). "Social Policy and Development", translated by Mehdi Ebrahimi and Alireza Sadeghi, Society Publications. Theologians, Tehran, 425. Hashimi, Seyyed Saeed, Motie Langroudi, Seyyed Hassan, Ghadiri Masoomsh, Mojtaba, Rezvani, Mohammad Reza and Moghimi, Seyyed Mohammad (2011). Explaining the role of Islamic Jihad in rural entrepreneurship development (Bahabad, Yazd Province), Quarterly Journal of Research Rural, Year 2, Issue 1, pp. 114-93. (In Persian) Heidari Sarban, vakil (2013). Investigating the Factors Affecting Farmers' Empowerment in Ahar County Villages, Quarterly Journal of Geographic Space, 13, s 41, pp. 170-157. (In Persian)   Heidari Sarban, vakil and majnooni Tootatkhani, Ali (2017).explaining the role of information and communication technology (ICT) about social capacity of rural areas (case study: Meshgin-Shahr city), human settlements planning studies, 12(2), pp. 283-267. (In Persian) Hosseininia, Gh., & Fallai, H. (2017). [Factors Affecting the Development of Rural Entrepreneurship: A Case Study on the Rural Areas of Manoojan County (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Researchs, 8(1), 22-37. http://dx.doi.org/10,.21859/jjr-08012. Jeanette S. Martina, Milorad Novicevicb, (2010). Social entrepreneurship among Kenyan farmers: A case example of acculturation challenges and program successes, International Journal of Intercultural Relations 34 482–492. Larsen Ray. (2015). Community Empowerment & Technology Developments, IEEE Smart Village Co-Chair. Molaee Hashjin, Nasrallah (2007). An Analysis of the Reviewing Requirements for Rural Development Planning Policies in Iran, Ahar Geographic Magazine,Seventh Year, No.17,40-20.   Naghavi, Mir-Ali and Babaei, Ali (2013). Evaluation of Rural Economic Development Policy from a Regional Point of View on Government Policies in Iran, Quarterly Journal of Rural Studies, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 479-451 (In Persian).   oliyaei, Mohammad Sadegh (2011). Causes of rural development in Iran from the perspective of human capital and social capital: Divandareh city, Geography Magazine, New Volume, No. 30, pp. 161-146 (In Persian).    Rasekhi, Behrouz (2003). Summary of articles of the Congress on Rural Development, Challenges and Perspectives, Iranian Institute of Rural Development. (In Persian)   Rasekhi, B., Ghanbari Movahed, R., & Alibayghi, A. (2018).[Comparative analysis of agricultural entrepreneur ship in rural and urban areas of Kermanshah province (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 9(3), 346-359, http://dx.doi.org/ 10.22059/jrur.2017.228470.1071 Rezaei Sartzhnisy, Pejman (2003). Evaluation of the Rural Development Status in Social-Economic Development Plans Before and After the Revolution, Collection Summary of the Congress on Rural Development Challenges and Perspectives, Iranian Rural Development Publishers. (In Persian)   Rezvani, M. R., & M. Najarzadeh, (2008). Analysis of ground, entrepreneurial development of rural villagers in the process (case study, its villages south of the city of Isfahan, Journal of Entrepreneurship, First year, second number, pp161-182. (In Persian) Rokneddin Eftekhai, A., H. Sojjasi, M. R. Razavi, (2010). Agricultural entrepreneurship development strategies in rural areas: A case study village’s city Khodabande, Rural Development Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp 29-1. (In Persian). Rokneddin Eftekhai, A, Aghayari Hair, M (2008). Levels of Rural Development Sustainability, Case Study of Hir District, Geographic Research, No. 16 (in Persian). Salmani, Mohammad rezvani, Mohammad Reza; Pourtaheri, Mehdi, Wiszi, Farzad (2011). the role of seasonal labor migration in rural household livelihoods (Sarvabad city, Kurdistan province). Human Geography Research, No. 77. Pages 140-120. (In Persian). Sayyed AliPoor, Seyed Khalil, Paydar, Abuzar and Sadeghi, Khadijeh (2014). A Modeling of Strategies for Realizing Sustainable Economics with Emphasis on Sustainable Security in Rural Areas (CSP Jazmurian-Southern Kerman), Geography and Development Magazine, 44 (Volume 14). 63-45). (In Persian)   Shahmoradi, M., Ehsanifar, T., Farahmand, F., Rostami, F., & Sahraie, M., (2019). [Surveying the Challenges in Realization of Rural Women's Business Ideas (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 9(4), 552-563, http://dx.doi.org/ 10.22059/ jrur.2018.261886.1265. Sharifzadegan, Mohammad Hossein (2003). Planning and Causes of Reducing the Effectiveness of Development Plans in Iran, Quarterly Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 11, 43 and 44, Ministry of Jihad-e-Sazandegi publications, Tehran. (In Persian)_||_ Alidost, Somayeh, Lashkar-ara, Farhad and Hosseini, Seyyedjamla (2012). Prioritization of Barriers to Entrepreneurship Development in Rural Women in Garmsar County, National Conference on Entrepreneurship Management and Knowledge Based Businesses; Nov. 23, 2012, Three Centers of Entrepreneurship, Development of Technology Units and Relations between Industry and Society and Civillas. (In Persian)   Anabestani, Ali Akbar and Ahmadzadeh, Sahar (2012). Investigating the relationship between spatial and spatial characteristics and factors affecting women's participation in rural society (Dzerab rural district, Mashhad), Journal of Geography and Environmental Studies, Volume 1, Issue 2 , Pages 112-95. (In Persian)   Bethke, L., Good, J., & Thompson, P. (1997). Building Capacities for Risk Reduction. 1st Edition, Disaster Management Training Programme, DHA. Faraheni, Hossein, Rasoolinia, Zakieh and Sedghi, Zahra (2014).Effective Factors on the Growth of Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas Case: Jaberansar Village in Abdanan City, Journal of Rural Space Economics, Year 3, Issue 3, Successive 9, Pages 16-1. (In Persian)   Farajisabkbar, H., S. A. Badri, H. Sojjasi, T. Sadeghloo, & A. Shadadi, khjehasgkr (2011). Prioritize the development of entrepreneurship in rural areas using techniques Prometea (Mzalh case Khoda village near the central city of Zanjan), Human Geography Research, No. 75, pp. S68-53. (In Persian)   Foong, K., and Yorston, R (2003). Human capital measurement and reporting: A British Perspective, London Business School. Ghadiri Masoomsh, Mojtaba, Zianooshin, Mohammad Mehdi and Khorasani, Mohammadamin (2010). Economic Sustainability and its Relationship with Spatial Spatial Properties: A Case Study of Villages of Kohin Village, Kaboodar Azan, Journal of Rural and Development, Vol. 13, No. 2, Pages 29- 1. (in Persian). Hall, Anthony and Mijley, James (2009). "Social Policy and Development", translated by Mehdi Ebrahimi and Alireza Sadeghi, Society Publications. Theologians, Tehran, 425. Hashimi, Seyyed Saeed, Motie Langroudi, Seyyed Hassan, Ghadiri Masoomsh, Mojtaba, Rezvani, Mohammad Reza and Moghimi, Seyyed Mohammad (2011). Explaining the role of Islamic Jihad in rural entrepreneurship development (Bahabad, Yazd Province), Quarterly Journal of Research Rural, Year 2, Issue 1, pp. 114-93. (In Persian) Heidari Sarban, vakil (2013). Investigating the Factors Affecting Farmers' Empowerment in Ahar County Villages, Quarterly Journal of Geographic Space, 13, s 41, pp. 170-157. (In Persian)   Heidari Sarban, vakil and majnooni Tootatkhani, Ali (2017).explaining the role of information and communication technology (ICT) about social capacity of rural areas (case study: Meshgin-Shahr city), human settlements planning studies, 12(2), pp. 283-267. (In Persian) Hosseininia, Gh., & Fallai, H. (2017). [Factors Affecting the Development of Rural Entrepreneurship: A Case Study on the Rural Areas of Manoojan County (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Researchs, 8(1), 22-37. http://dx.doi.org/10,.21859/jjr-08012. Jeanette S. Martina, Milorad Novicevicb, (2010). Social entrepreneurship among Kenyan farmers: A case example of acculturation challenges and program successes, International Journal of Intercultural Relations 34 482–492. Larsen Ray. (2015). Community Empowerment & Technology Developments, IEEE Smart Village Co-Chair. Molaee Hashjin, Nasrallah (2007). An Analysis of the Reviewing Requirements for Rural Development Planning Policies in Iran, Ahar Geographic Magazine,Seventh Year, No.17,40-20.   Naghavi, Mir-Ali and Babaei, Ali (2013). Evaluation of Rural Economic Development Policy from a Regional Point of View on Government Policies in Iran, Quarterly Journal of Rural Studies, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 479-451 (In Persian).   oliyaei, Mohammad Sadegh (2011). Causes of rural development in Iran from the perspective of human capital and social capital: Divandareh city, Geography Magazine, New Volume, No. 30, pp. 161-146 (In Persian).    Rasekhi, Behrouz (2003). Summary of articles of the Congress on Rural Development, Challenges and Perspectives, Iranian Institute of Rural Development. (In Persian)   Rasekhi, B., Ghanbari Movahed, R., & Alibayghi, A. (2018).[Comparative analysis of agricultural entrepreneur ship in rural and urban areas of Kermanshah province (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 9(3), 346-359, http://dx.doi.org/ 10.22059/jrur.2017.228470.1071 Rezaei Sartzhnisy, Pejman (2003). Evaluation of the Rural Development Status in Social-Economic Development Plans Before and After the Revolution, Collection Summary of the Congress on Rural Development Challenges and Perspectives, Iranian Rural Development Publishers. (In Persian)   Rezvani, M. R., & M. Najarzadeh, (2008). Analysis of ground, entrepreneurial development of rural villagers in the process (case study, its villages south of the city of Isfahan, Journal of Entrepreneurship, First year, second number, pp161-182. (In Persian) Rokneddin Eftekhai, A., H. Sojjasi, M. R. Razavi, (2010). Agricultural entrepreneurship development strategies in rural areas: A case study village’s city Khodabande, Rural Development Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp 29-1. (In Persian). Rokneddin Eftekhai, A, Aghayari Hair, M (2008). Levels of Rural Development Sustainability, Case Study of Hir District, Geographic Research, No. 16 (in Persian). Salmani, Mohammad rezvani, Mohammad Reza; Pourtaheri, Mehdi, Wiszi, Farzad (2011). the role of seasonal labor migration in rural household livelihoods (Sarvabad city, Kurdistan province). Human Geography Research, No. 77. Pages 140-120. (In Persian). Sayyed AliPoor, Seyed Khalil, Paydar, Abuzar and Sadeghi, Khadijeh (2014). A Modeling of Strategies for Realizing Sustainable Economics with Emphasis on Sustainable Security in Rural Areas (CSP Jazmurian-Southern Kerman), Geography and Development Magazine, 44 (Volume 14). 63-45). (In Persian)   Shahmoradi, M., Ehsanifar, T., Farahmand, F., Rostami, F., & Sahraie, M., (2019). [Surveying the Challenges in Realization of Rural Women's Business Ideas (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 9(4), 552-563, http://dx.doi.org/ 10.22059/ jrur.2018.261886.1265. Sharifzadegan, Mohammad Hossein (2003). Planning and Causes of Reducing the Effectiveness of Development Plans in Iran, Quarterly Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 11, 43 and 44, Ministry of Jihad-e-Sazandegi publications, Tehran. (In Persian)
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.286319.1386 مقاله پژوهشی تبیین چارچوب مفهومی-کاربری استفاده از انرژی تجدید پذیر در مناطق روستایی با محوریت منابع زیست‌توده (موردمطالعه: روستای نوآباد چهارمحال و بختیاری) تبیین چارچوب مفهومی-کاربری استفاده از انرژی تجدید پذیر در مناطق روستایی با محوریت منابع زیست‌توده کرمی دهکردی مهدی استادیار، گروه توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران. رحمانی فرد زهره دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی، گروه توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران. کرباسیون مصطفی استادیار، گروه توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 526 545 29 07 2019 16 09 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_72960.html

توسعه اقتصادی و افزایش تقاضا برای انرژی، استفاده از منابع انرژی بی‌خطر و تجدیدپذیر را ضروری می‌نماید. پسماند جامد روستایی به‌عنوان یکی از منابع زیست‌توده به‌طور قابل‌توجهی در ایجاد یک منبع انرژی تجدید پذیر کمک می‌نماید. بررسی‌ها نشان می‌دهد که انرژی زیست‌توده می‌تواند یکی از گزینه‌های مناسب برای جایگزینی با سوخت فسیلی باشد. چراکه افزون بر آثار مخرب کمتر بر محیط‌زیست، می‌توان آن را به‌عنوان منبع پایان‌ناپذیر انرژی محسوب نمود. هدف کلی از این پژوهش تبیین چارچوب مفهومی-کاربری استفاده از انرژی تجدید پذیر در مناطق روستایی با محوریت منابع زیست‌توده است که به‌منظور عملیاتی شدن هدف مذکور، با بررسی منابع معتبر داخلی و خارجی در زمینه موضوع تحقیق، چارچوب مفهومی طراحی و سپس با استناد به چارچوب مفهومی تحقیق، میزان انرژی قابل استحصال روستا در بخش‌های باغی، زراعی، دامی و خانگی موردمحاسبه قرار گرفت. در ادامه با توجه به محاسبات پایه انرژی در منطقه موردمطالعه، به ارائه سناریوهای کاربردی در این زمینه پرداخته شد. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که میزان کل انرژی حاصل از زیست‌توده برابر با 1/ 70857266 کیلوژول است که با تعریف سناریوهای متعدد و میزان انرژی محاسبه‌شده از بخش زیست‌توده می‌توان 17/ 17 در صد مصرف برق خانگی ،60/ 2 درصد مصرف گاز ، 58/68 درصد در تأمین انرژی موردنیاز بخش روشنایی معابر عمومی روستا، 67/54 درصد در تأمین برق پمپ آب‌رسانی روستا به اراضی منابع طبیعی با ارتفاع 131 متر، 70/3 درصد در تأمین برق آبیاری بارانی و یا 60/42 برق موردنیاز آبیاری قطره‌ای اراضی روستای موردمطالعه را تأمین نمود.

 زیست‌توده انرژی تجدیدپذیر پسماند روستایی Ali Ansari, R. Mahmood, I. .(2017). Optimization of organic and bio-organic fertilizers on soil properties and growth of pigeon pea. Scientia Horticulturae. (19) 226,1-9. Abaspor Fard, M. Ebrahimi Nek, M. Khojaste Por, M. Translators .(2011). Bio-energy for a cleaner environment. Simz, R. VaSig, A. (authors), Mashhad, Mashhad, Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad. Amiri, M. .(2015). In vitro study of agricultural waste quality as solid fuel and selection Appropriate simulator boiler. Dissertation for Master's Degree Advanced degree in chemical 110-1 engineering. Abdoli, M. Pazki, M. Falah Nezhad, M. Sami Far, R. (2010). Study and categorization of biomass resources in Iran and the world and study their diversity in rural areas of the country with an emphasis on ordinary solid wastes and livestock extinctions. The 5th National Conference on Waste Management. 8-1. Berndes G, Hoogwijk M, van den Broek R. (2003) .The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply: a review of 17 studies. Biomass and bioenergy. (1) 25, 1 .28- Bari, M.N. Hall a, b, D.O. Lucas, N.J.D. Hossain b, S. M. A. (1998). Biomass energy use at the household level in two villages of bangladesh: assessment of field methods. Biomass and Bioenergy (2)15 ., 171-180. Crandall, M. Adams, D. Montgomery, C. Smith, D. (2017). The potential rural development impacts of utilizing non-merchantable forest biomass. Forest Policy and Economics. 74, 20 -29. Ehtshami, M. Malek mohamadi, S. Mirbaqir, A. (2017). Water crisis and review of water crisis management solutions. Natural Resources and Environment.1-13. Edwin, M. Sekhar, S. J. (2015). Thermal performance of milk chilling units in remote villages working with the combination of biomass, biogas and solar energies. Energy 851-91.842. Farzadkia, M. Fallah Jokandan, S. Yegane Badi, M. (2015). Compost Management in Iran: Opportunities and Challenges. Environmental Health Engineering (3)2., 211-223. Fallahnejad Tafti, M., Abdoli, M., Golbabaei Kootenaei, F. (2016). Investigating the Potential of Biogas and Energy Generation from Biomass Resources in Villages of Iran with Sustainable Development Approach. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (3)18., 387-394. Gaemi, F. Sadeqi, H. (2013). The potential of biogas production from livestock manure in Iran. The 4th Bioenergy Conference in Iran (biomass and biogas), Tehran, and Kimia Energy Conservatives. 1-11. Girijan, S. Kumar, M. (2019). Immobilized Biomass Systems: An Approach for Trace Organics Removal from Wastewater and Environmental Remediation. Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health 12., .12-1. Ge, J. Luo, X. Lu, J. (2017). Evaluation system and case study for carbon emission of villages in Yangtze River Delta region of China. Journal of Cleaner Production. (1)153, .220-229. Ghorbannezhad, M., Choobchian, S., farhadian, H. (2018). Analysis of Barriers to the Development of Renewable Energy Technologies at the Farm Level: A Farmer’s Perspectiv. Journal of Rural Research. (2)9. 308-323. Gorji Mahlebani, Y. Sartipipour, M. Tari, M. .(2017). Indigenous Energy production Based on Biomass in Rural Areas (Case Study: Tinouj Village, Qom, Iran).Housing and Rural Environment. 28-15. (156)35. Ghadamifiroozabadi, A. (2016). Evaluation of energy efficiency, energy consumption and water use efficiency in Electrical pumping stations. Journal of irrigation and water Engineering .(1)7 ,1-14. Heydari mokarar, H. shahzayi, A. (2015) An Analysis and Evaluation of the Rural Management's Role in Collection and Disposal of Waste from the Village Environment (Case Study: Jaynak Section of Zahak City). Geographic Sciences (23)11.,1 -3. Iran Energy Conservation, 2018. Jackson, R. Ferreira Neto, A. Erfanian, E. (2018). Woody biomass processing: Potential economic impacts on rural regions. Energy Policy. 115,66-77. Karami dehkordi, M. Kohestani, H. Yadavar, H. Roshandel, and  R. Karbasioun, M. (2017). Implementing conceptual model using renewableenergies in rural area of Iran. Information Processing in Agriculture. (3)4, 228-240. Karami dehkordi, M. Koohestani, H. Yadavar, H. Roshande, R. Karbasioun, M. .(2018). Evaluating the Wind Energy Potential in Chaharmahal and ‎Bakhtiari Province. Geography and Environmental Planning (3) 29.,57-72. Lemoi, F. Mohabat kar, H .(2017). Biogas and its environmental consequences. United Nations Research Monthly. .121.(2)17 Malkiyan, Z. (2018). Use Energy Renewable biomass. Second Conference on Energy Infrastructure, Electrical Engineering and Nanotechnology, Tehran, Iran Energy Society.1-9. Mamphweli, N. Meyer, E. (2009). Implementation of the biomass gasification project for community empowerment at Melani village, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Renewable Energy. (12)34,.2927-2923. Mahoney, A. Thorne, F. Denny, E. (2013). A cost-benefit analysis of generating electricity from biomass. Energy Policy. 57,.354-347. Mokhtari, F., Hatami Khanghahi, T., Gosili, B. (2019). Analytical Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Traditional Rural Dwellings' External walls Located in Submontane Regions of Mazandaran Province. Journal of Rural Research. Morato, T. Vaezi, M. Kumar, A. (2019). Developing a framework to optimally locate biomass collection points to improve the biomass-based energy facilities locating procedure – A case study for Bolivia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 107,183 .199- Mohammed, Y.S. Mokhtar, A.S. Bashir, N. Saidyr, R. (2013). An overview of agricultural biomass for decentralized rural energy in Ghana. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 20, 15-25. New Energy Organization of Iran. (2012). URL: WWW.Suna.org Noabad Village Conductor Plan. .(2011) Najafi, A. Amiri, m. (2016). Feasibility the use of biomass fuel in power plant. Iranian Journal of Energy. (2)19,1-7.   Pacetti, T. Lombardi, L. and Federici, G. (2015). Water–energy Nexus: a case of biogas production from energy crops evaluated by Water Footprint and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods. Journal of Cleaner Production. 110, 278-291.   Prasad Ganthia, B. Sasmita, S. Rout, K. Pradhan, A. Nayak, J. (2018). An Economic Rural Electrification Study Using Combined Hybrid Solar and Biomass-Biogas System. Materialstody Proceedings. (1)5,220-225. Qiu, H. Yan, J. Lei, Z. Sun, D. (2018). Rising wages and energy consumption transition in rural China. Energy Policy. 119, 545-553. Rahimi, A. saqafi, M. shirazi, S. .(2011). Technical and economic study for electricity and energy generation from urban waste for improving of Urban Waste Management (Case study: Robat karim). Urban Management Studies(6)3.,163-185. Safayi, A. Moshir qafari, F. (2016). Examining the Benefits and Disadvantages of Biogas Production from Manure. Third Scientific Research Conference on the Development and Promotion of Agricultural Sciences .1-5. Saleh Por, H. Parshokohi, M. Zarei Barazande, E. Ragabi janati, H. (2018). Investigating the potential of biogas production and energy from biomass sources (case study: Tarom Sahlari area). First National Conference on Agricultural and Environmental Sciences of Iran, Khouzestan, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources University.1-10. Sartipipour, M. (2010). The Role and Position of Renewable Energy in Rural Development. Geography. Vol, 9. Na, 31.pp: 125-148. Singh, S. Marsh, L. (1994). Optimization of biomass energy production in a village. Biomass and Bioenergy (4)6 .,287-295. Sohrabi, A. Givi. J. Malakouti, M.J. Masihabadi, M.H. Seyedjalali, S.A. (2003). Growing period calculation and net biomass production estimation of sugar beet by FAO growth model in Lorestan Silakhoor plain. Journal of Sugar beet (1) 19., 67-79. Soltan karimi, H. (2018). Anaerobic digestion process and production of biogas from existing biomass resources in Iran. Second Energy Infrastructure Conference.1-13. Soltero, V.M. chacartegui, R. Ortiz, C. Velazquez, R. (2018). Potential of biomass district heating systems in rural areas. Energy. 156, 132-143. Sota, C. Lumbreras, J. Perez, N. Ealo, M. Kane, M. Youm, l. Viana, M. (2018). Indoor air pollution from biomass cookstoves in rural Senegal. Energy for Sustainable Development. 43,224 -234. Tari, Mahta, Gorji Mahlabani, Yousef,  Sartipipour, Mohsen, (2015). Feasibility of Using the Methods of Energy Production from Biomass in Rural Settlements, GMP review. Toor SS, Rosendahl L, Rudolf A. Hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass. (2011). a review of subcritical water technologies. Energy. (5) 36,42 .2328. Toloiyan, A. (2007). Energy management and its relation to the sustainable development of environmental pollution. Fifth International Conference on Fuel Consumption Optimization in Building. 1-8. Tung, C.P. Liu, T.M. Li, M.H. Hong, N.M. Sung, R.T. Lin, C.Y. and Tsao, J.H. (2013). The study of integrated assessment of regional water supply capacity under climate change. Taiwan Water Conserv. (3) 61,1-13. Wang, S. Chen, B. (2016). c. Energywater nexus of urban agglomeration based on multiregional inputoutput tables and ecological network analysis: a case study of the beijingtianjinhebei region. Appl. Energy.178, .773-783. Zhang, W. Wang, C. Zhang, L. Xu, Y. Cui, Y. Lu, Z. G.Streets, D. (2018). Evaluation of the performance of distributed and centralized biomass technologies in rural China. Renewable Energy. 445-125.445. Zhang, W. Lu, Z. Xu, Y. Wang, C. GU, Y. XU, H. Streets, D. (2018). Black carbon emissions from biomass and coal in rural China. Atmospheric Environment..170-176.158 Zhou, X. Xing, X. Lang, J. Chen, D. Cheng, SH. Huang, D. Zhang, Y. (2018). Spatiotemporal variation of domestic biomass burning emissions in rural China based on a new estimation of fuel consumption. Science of The Total Environment..286-626.274 Zohourian Mehr, M. Kabiri, K. (2012). Systematic Substitution of Fossil Resources by Biomass: A Strategic Requirement. Polymerization. (1)1, .21_||_ Ali Ansari, R. Mahmood, I. .(2017). Optimization of organic and bio-organic fertilizers on soil properties and growth of pigeon pea. Scientia Horticulturae. (19) 226,1-9. Abaspor Fard, M. Ebrahimi Nek, M. Khojaste Por, M. Translators .(2011). Bio-energy for a cleaner environment. Simz, R. VaSig, A. (authors), Mashhad, Mashhad, Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad. Amiri, M. .(2015). In vitro study of agricultural waste quality as solid fuel and selection Appropriate simulator boiler. Dissertation for Master's Degree Advanced degree in chemical 110-1 engineering. Abdoli, M. Pazki, M. Falah Nezhad, M. Sami Far, R. (2010). Study and categorization of biomass resources in Iran and the world and study their diversity in rural areas of the country with an emphasis on ordinary solid wastes and livestock extinctions. The 5th National Conference on Waste Management. 8-1. Berndes G, Hoogwijk M, van den Broek R. (2003) .The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply: a review of 17 studies. Biomass and bioenergy. (1) 25, 1 .28- Bari, M.N. Hall a, b, D.O. Lucas, N.J.D. Hossain b, S. M. A. (1998). Biomass energy use at the household level in two villages of bangladesh: assessment of field methods. Biomass and Bioenergy (2)15 ., 171-180. Crandall, M. Adams, D. Montgomery, C. Smith, D. (2017). The potential rural development impacts of utilizing non-merchantable forest biomass. Forest Policy and Economics. 74, 20 -29. Ehtshami, M. Malek mohamadi, S. Mirbaqir, A. (2017). Water crisis and review of water crisis management solutions. Natural Resources and Environment.1-13. Edwin, M. Sekhar, S. J. (2015). Thermal performance of milk chilling units in remote villages working with the combination of biomass, biogas and solar energies. Energy 851-91.842. Farzadkia, M. Fallah Jokandan, S. Yegane Badi, M. (2015). Compost Management in Iran: Opportunities and Challenges. Environmental Health Engineering (3)2., 211-223. Fallahnejad Tafti, M., Abdoli, M., Golbabaei Kootenaei, F. (2016). Investigating the Potential of Biogas and Energy Generation from Biomass Resources in Villages of Iran with Sustainable Development Approach. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (3)18., 387-394. Gaemi, F. Sadeqi, H. (2013). The potential of biogas production from livestock manure in Iran. The 4th Bioenergy Conference in Iran (biomass and biogas), Tehran, and Kimia Energy Conservatives. 1-11. Girijan, S. Kumar, M. (2019). Immobilized Biomass Systems: An Approach for Trace Organics Removal from Wastewater and Environmental Remediation. Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health 12., .12-1. Ge, J. Luo, X. Lu, J. (2017). Evaluation system and case study for carbon emission of villages in Yangtze River Delta region of China. Journal of Cleaner Production. (1)153, .220-229. Ghorbannezhad, M., Choobchian, S., farhadian, H. (2018). Analysis of Barriers to the Development of Renewable Energy Technologies at the Farm Level: A Farmer’s Perspectiv. Journal of Rural Research. (2)9. 308-323. Gorji Mahlebani, Y. Sartipipour, M. Tari, M. .(2017). Indigenous Energy production Based on Biomass in Rural Areas (Case Study: Tinouj Village, Qom, Iran).Housing and Rural Environment. 28-15. (156)35. Ghadamifiroozabadi, A. (2016). Evaluation of energy efficiency, energy consumption and water use efficiency in Electrical pumping stations. Journal of irrigation and water Engineering .(1)7 ,1-14. Heydari mokarar, H. shahzayi, A. (2015) An Analysis and Evaluation of the Rural Management's Role in Collection and Disposal of Waste from the Village Environment (Case Study: Jaynak Section of Zahak City). Geographic Sciences (23)11.,1 -3. Iran Energy Conservation, 2018. Jackson, R. Ferreira Neto, A. Erfanian, E. (2018). Woody biomass processing: Potential economic impacts on rural regions. Energy Policy. 115,66-77. Karami dehkordi, M. Kohestani, H. Yadavar, H. Roshandel, and  R. Karbasioun, M. (2017). Implementing conceptual model using renewableenergies in rural area of Iran. Information Processing in Agriculture. (3)4, 228-240. Karami dehkordi, M. Koohestani, H. Yadavar, H. Roshande, R. Karbasioun, M. .(2018). Evaluating the Wind Energy Potential in Chaharmahal and ‎Bakhtiari Province. Geography and Environmental Planning (3) 29.,57-72. Lemoi, F. Mohabat kar, H .(2017). Biogas and its environmental consequences. United Nations Research Monthly. .121.(2)17 Malkiyan, Z. (2018). Use Energy Renewable biomass. Second Conference on Energy Infrastructure, Electrical Engineering and Nanotechnology, Tehran, Iran Energy Society.1-9. Mamphweli, N. Meyer, E. (2009). Implementation of the biomass gasification project for community empowerment at Melani village, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Renewable Energy. (12)34,.2927-2923. Mahoney, A. Thorne, F. Denny, E. (2013). A cost-benefit analysis of generating electricity from biomass. Energy Policy. 57,.354-347. Mokhtari, F., Hatami Khanghahi, T., Gosili, B. (2019). Analytical Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Traditional Rural Dwellings' External walls Located in Submontane Regions of Mazandaran Province. Journal of Rural Research. Morato, T. Vaezi, M. Kumar, A. (2019). Developing a framework to optimally locate biomass collection points to improve the biomass-based energy facilities locating procedure – A case study for Bolivia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 107,183 .199- Mohammed, Y.S. Mokhtar, A.S. Bashir, N. Saidyr, R. (2013). An overview of agricultural biomass for decentralized rural energy in Ghana. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 20, 15-25. New Energy Organization of Iran. (2012). URL: WWW.Suna.org Noabad Village Conductor Plan. .(2011) Najafi, A. Amiri, m. (2016). Feasibility the use of biomass fuel in power plant. Iranian Journal of Energy. (2)19,1-7.   Pacetti, T. Lombardi, L. and Federici, G. (2015). Water–energy Nexus: a case of biogas production from energy crops evaluated by Water Footprint and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods. Journal of Cleaner Production. 110, 278-291.   Prasad Ganthia, B. Sasmita, S. Rout, K. Pradhan, A. Nayak, J. (2018). An Economic Rural Electrification Study Using Combined Hybrid Solar and Biomass-Biogas System. Materialstody Proceedings. (1)5,220-225. Qiu, H. Yan, J. Lei, Z. Sun, D. (2018). Rising wages and energy consumption transition in rural China. Energy Policy. 119, 545-553. Rahimi, A. saqafi, M. shirazi, S. .(2011). Technical and economic study for electricity and energy generation from urban waste for improving of Urban Waste Management (Case study: Robat karim). Urban Management Studies(6)3.,163-185. Safayi, A. Moshir qafari, F. (2016). Examining the Benefits and Disadvantages of Biogas Production from Manure. Third Scientific Research Conference on the Development and Promotion of Agricultural Sciences .1-5. Saleh Por, H. Parshokohi, M. Zarei Barazande, E. Ragabi janati, H. (2018). Investigating the potential of biogas production and energy from biomass sources (case study: Tarom Sahlari area). First National Conference on Agricultural and Environmental Sciences of Iran, Khouzestan, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources University.1-10. Sartipipour, M. (2010). The Role and Position of Renewable Energy in Rural Development. Geography. Vol, 9. Na, 31.pp: 125-148. Singh, S. Marsh, L. (1994). Optimization of biomass energy production in a village. Biomass and Bioenergy (4)6 .,287-295. Sohrabi, A. Givi. J. Malakouti, M.J. Masihabadi, M.H. Seyedjalali, S.A. (2003). Growing period calculation and net biomass production estimation of sugar beet by FAO growth model in Lorestan Silakhoor plain. Journal of Sugar beet (1) 19., 67-79. Soltan karimi, H. (2018). Anaerobic digestion process and production of biogas from existing biomass resources in Iran. Second Energy Infrastructure Conference.1-13. Soltero, V.M. chacartegui, R. Ortiz, C. Velazquez, R. (2018). Potential of biomass district heating systems in rural areas. Energy. 156, 132-143. Sota, C. Lumbreras, J. Perez, N. Ealo, M. Kane, M. Youm, l. Viana, M. (2018). Indoor air pollution from biomass cookstoves in rural Senegal. Energy for Sustainable Development. 43,224 -234. Tari, Mahta, Gorji Mahlabani, Yousef,  Sartipipour, Mohsen, (2015). Feasibility of Using the Methods of Energy Production from Biomass in Rural Settlements, GMP review. Toor SS, Rosendahl L, Rudolf A. Hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass. (2011). a review of subcritical water technologies. Energy. (5) 36,42 .2328. Toloiyan, A. (2007). Energy management and its relation to the sustainable development of environmental pollution. Fifth International Conference on Fuel Consumption Optimization in Building. 1-8. Tung, C.P. Liu, T.M. Li, M.H. Hong, N.M. Sung, R.T. Lin, C.Y. and Tsao, J.H. (2013). The study of integrated assessment of regional water supply capacity under climate change. Taiwan Water Conserv. (3) 61,1-13. Wang, S. Chen, B. (2016). c. Energywater nexus of urban agglomeration based on multiregional inputoutput tables and ecological network analysis: a case study of the beijingtianjinhebei region. Appl. Energy.178, .773-783. Zhang, W. Wang, C. Zhang, L. Xu, Y. Cui, Y. Lu, Z. G.Streets, D. (2018). Evaluation of the performance of distributed and centralized biomass technologies in rural China. Renewable Energy. 445-125.445. Zhang, W. Lu, Z. Xu, Y. Wang, C. GU, Y. XU, H. Streets, D. (2018). Black carbon emissions from biomass and coal in rural China. Atmospheric Environment..170-176.158 Zhou, X. Xing, X. Lang, J. Chen, D. Cheng, SH. Huang, D. Zhang, Y. (2018). Spatiotemporal variation of domestic biomass burning emissions in rural China based on a new estimation of fuel consumption. Science of The Total Environment..286-626.274 Zohourian Mehr, M. Kabiri, K. (2012). Systematic Substitution of Fossil Resources by Biomass: A Strategic Requirement. Polymerization. (1)1, .21
JRUR دانشگاه تهران پژوهشهای روستائی 2008-7373 دانشگاه تهران 101 10.22059/jrur.2019.281777.1363 گردشگری روستایی شناسایی موانع تأسیس و توسعه اقامتگاه‌های بومگردی در نواحی روستایی استان گیلان شناسایی موانع تأسیس و توسعه اقامتگاه‌های بومگردی در نواحی روستایی استان گیلان حسام مهدی استادیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران. 22 11 2019 10 3 546 559 24 05 2019 16 09 2019 Copyright © 2019, دانشگاه تهران. 2019 https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_72959.html

توجه به حفظ محیط‌زیست و اقتصاد محلی سبب شده است تا در سال‌های اخیر بومگردی در کانون توجه برنامه ریزان و متخصصین حوزه گردشگری قرار گیرد. جهت دستیابی به اهداف بومگردی، توسعه اقامتگاه‌های بومگردی یکی از راه‌های مؤثر است. در این میان، استان گیلان به‌عنوان یکی از مقصدهای اصلی گردشگری در ایران با دارا بودن تعداد زیادی از جاذبه‌ها و منابع گردشگری، همواره موردتوجه بسیاری از گردشگران است که در صورت توجه به اصول بومگردی می‌تواند سبب توسعه استان گردد. بر این مبنا تأسیس اقامتگاه‌های بومگردی در نواحی روستایی از چند سال گذشته همواره مورد تأکید مسئولین استان بوده است. ازاین‌رو این تحقیق قصد دارد تا با به‌کارگیری روش کیفی، مشکلات موجود در حوزه تأسیس و توسعه اقامتگاه‌های بومگردی در نواحی روستایی استان گیلان را با استفاده از تئوری بنیانی شناسایی نماید. بر اساس روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند، 41 نفر از متخصصان، فعالان حوزه گردشگری استان، روستاییان و مسئولین به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. تکنیک‌های به کار گرفته‌شده برای گردآوری داده‌ها و اطلاعات لازم، بر مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته و مشاهدات میدانی تمرکز یافتند. بر مبنای نظریه بنیانی، داده‌ها در سه مرحله کدگذاری تحلیل شدند و نتایج حاصل از آن، استخراج شش مقوله هسته‌ای شامل کاربری اراضی، بازاریابی، مشکلات اداری، جاذبه‌ها، کمبود آموزش و امکانات و مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی است.

 گردشگری اقامتگاه‌های بومگردی تئوری بنیانی نواحی روستایی استان گیلان Anabestani, A., Giyahi, H., Javanshiri, M. (2018). An Analysis of the Effects of Establishing Ecotourism Residence on Development of Rural Settlements (A Case Study of Radakan Village, Chenaran County). Spatial Planning, 8(2), 1-24 (in persian). Auesriwong, A., Nilnoppakun, A., & Parawech, W. (2015). Integrative Participatory Community-based Ecotourism at Sangkhom District, Nong Khai Province, Thailand. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 778-782. Bith, B. (2011). Community-based ecotourism and empowerment of indigenous people: the case of Yeak Laom community development, Cambodia , p.p 42- 52. Blangy, S & Mehta, H (2006), Ecotourism and ecological restoration, Journal for Nature Conservation, Volume 14, Issues 3–4, Pages 233-236. Bozarjemehri, kh. (2017). Development of Ecolodge in iran, Provinces and Ferdows County, Regional Conference of Tourism Capacity of  Ferdows County Development (in persian). Brochadoa, A & Pereira, C (2017), Comfortable experiences in nature accommodation: Perceived service quality in Glamping, Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, Volume 17, Pages 77-83. Faraji Rad, A., Ehsani, A. (2011). Study of Indigenous Cluster Experiences to Make a Model for Expanding Local Network in Gramer and Shibderaz Villages. territory, 8(issue2), 63-78(in persian). Glaser, B. & Straus, A. L. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research, Chicago: Aldine Hajbagheri, A & salsali, M. (2003), Qualitative research methods, boshra press (in persian). Hashemi, S & khosravi, Z. (2016). Effect of Ecology Construction on local Community Participation and Empowerment (Case Study: Simin Dasht Area), Journal of Heritage and Tourism, Volume 1, Number 1, pp. 119-138(in persian). Hawkins, D. E., (2004). A protected areas ecotourism competitive cluster approach to catalyse biodiversity conservation and economic growth in Bulgaria, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Vol 12, No 3, Pp 219-244. Hoseini, F. (2017). Challenges and Opportunities of ecolodge in Iran, Research Meeting Report in Political Deputy Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting(in persian). Iran National Cartographic Center. (2014), Layer of country divisions of Iran(in persian). Jackson, L (2010), Toward a framework for the components of green lodging, Journal of Retail & Leisure Property, Volume 9, Issue 3, pp 211–230. Jamaludin, M and Begam Yusof, Z. 2013, “Best Practice of Green Island Resorts”, ASEAN Conference on Environment-Behaviorr Studies, University of Westminster, London, UK. James, G., Hosier, A., & Woo, G., (2002). Using Cluster-Based Economic Strategy to Minimize Tourism Leakages [Z], Research Report Submitted to Global Economic Development Practice (GEDP), San Francisco, California, Pp 1-59. Jomepour, M. & Namayandeh, A. (2012). Assessing Ecotourism Potential and Capacity of Desert District of Maranjab, Kashan. Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 1(1), 45-71(in persian). Karami Dehkordi, M., kohestani, H., yad avar, H., roshandel, R. (2019). Qualitative Analyze of Inhibiting Factors to Use of Renewable Energies with Grounded Theory (Case study: Kahkesh village from Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province). Geography and Planning, 22(66), 207-229(in persian). Lee, C. C. & Chang, C. P. (2008). Tourism development and economic growth: A closer look at panels. Tourism Management, 29 (1): 180-192. Li, Y. (2004). Exploring community tourism in China: the case of Nanshan tourism zone, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 12 (3) 175-193. Mic, M & Eagles, P (2019), Ccooperative branding for mid-range ecolodges: Costa Rica case study, Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, Volume 25, March 2019, Pages 113-121. Murphy, P.E. & Murphy, A.E. (2004). Strategic management for tourism communities: Bridging the gaps. Clevedon, Aspects of Tourism Series Channel view Publications. Papzan, A., ghobadi, P., Zarafshani, K., Geravandi, S. (2011). Problems and Limitations of Rural Tourism, Using Grounded Theory (Case-study: Harir Village, Kermanshah Province). Journal of Rural Research, 1(3), 25-52 (in persian). Rebecca, Ch., Rose, B., & Bor, T., (2015). Eco-Lodges, a Future for Sustainable Tourism in Kenya, Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Sports, No 8, Pp 37-41. Rezvani, A. (2000). Geography and tourism Industry, Payam Noor University press (in persian). Rezvani, MR. (2008). Rural tourism development (sustainable tourism approach), university of Tehran press (in persian). Rocharungsat, Pimrawee (2005), Community-based tourism: perspectives and future, possibilities.PhD thesis, James Cook University. Serra, G. (2007), Ecotourism in the PALMYRA Desert, SYRIA A Feasibility Study. Shamsoaldini, a. (2010)."Rural Tourism" as a Constructive Method for Rural Development,A case Study: Fahlyan village. JHRE. 2010; 29 (131) :95-108(in persian). Sharpley, R & Telfer, D. (2012). Tourism and development in the developing world, translated by hamid zargham borojeni, Zahra nekoi, nilofar abbaspur and moslem shojai, mahkameh press (in persian). Theobald William, F. (2004). Global Tourism, Elsevier._||_ Anabestani, A., Giyahi, H., Javanshiri, M. (2018). An Analysis of the Effects of Establishing Ecotourism Residence on Development of Rural Settlements (A Case Study of Radakan Village, Chenaran County). Spatial Planning, 8(2), 1-24 (in persian). Auesriwong, A., Nilnoppakun, A., & Parawech, W. (2015). Integrative Participatory Community-based Ecotourism at Sangkhom District, Nong Khai Province, Thailand. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 778-782. Bith, B. (2011). Community-based ecotourism and empowerment of indigenous people: the case of Yeak Laom community development, Cambodia , p.p 42- 52. Blangy, S & Mehta, H (2006), Ecotourism and ecological restoration, Journal for Nature Conservation, Volume 14, Issues 3–4, Pages 233-236. Bozarjemehri, kh. (2017). Development of Ecolodge in iran, Provinces and Ferdows County, Regional Conference of Tourism Capacity of  Ferdows County Development (in persian). Brochadoa, A & Pereira, C (2017), Comfortable experiences in nature accommodation: Perceived service quality in Glamping, Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, Volume 17, Pages 77-83. Faraji Rad, A., Ehsani, A. (2011). Study of Indigenous Cluster Experiences to Make a Model for Expanding Local Network in Gramer and Shibderaz Villages. territory, 8(issue2), 63-78(in persian). Glaser, B. & Straus, A. L. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research, Chicago: Aldine Hajbagheri, A & salsali, M. (2003), Qualitative research methods, boshra press (in persian). Hashemi, S & khosravi, Z. (2016). Effect of Ecology Construction on local Community Participation and Empowerment (Case Study: Simin Dasht Area), Journal of Heritage and Tourism, Volume 1, Number 1, pp. 119-138(in persian). Hawkins, D. E., (2004). A protected areas ecotourism competitive cluster approach to catalyse biodiversity conservation and economic growth in Bulgaria, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Vol 12, No 3, Pp 219-244. Hoseini, F. (2017). Challenges and Opportunities of ecolodge in Iran, Research Meeting Report in Political Deputy Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting(in persian). Iran National Cartographic Center. (2014), Layer of country divisions of Iran(in persian). Jackson, L (2010), Toward a framework for the components of green lodging, Journal of Retail & Leisure Property, Volume 9, Issue 3, pp 211–230. Jamaludin, M and Begam Yusof, Z. 2013, “Best Practice of Green Island Resorts”, ASEAN Conference on Environment-Behaviorr Studies, University of Westminster, London, UK. James, G., Hosier, A., & Woo, G., (2002). Using Cluster-Based Economic Strategy to Minimize Tourism Leakages [Z], Research Report Submitted to Global Economic Development Practice (GEDP), San Francisco, California, Pp 1-59. Jomepour, M. & Namayandeh, A. (2012). Assessing Ecotourism Potential and Capacity of Desert District of Maranjab, Kashan. Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 1(1), 45-71(in persian). Karami Dehkordi, M., kohestani, H., yad avar, H., roshandel, R. (2019). Qualitative Analyze of Inhibiting Factors to Use of Renewable Energies with Grounded Theory (Case study: Kahkesh village from Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province). Geography and Planning, 22(66), 207-229(in persian). Lee, C. C. & Chang, C. P. (2008). Tourism development and economic growth: A closer look at panels. Tourism Management, 29 (1): 180-192. Li, Y. (2004). Exploring community tourism in China: the case of Nanshan tourism zone, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 12 (3) 175-193. Mic, M & Eagles, P (2019), Ccooperative branding for mid-range ecolodges: Costa Rica case study, Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, Volume 25, March 2019, Pages 113-121. Murphy, P.E. & Murphy, A.E. (2004). Strategic management for tourism communities: Bridging the gaps. Clevedon, Aspects of Tourism Series Channel view Publications. Papzan, A., ghobadi, P., Zarafshani, K., Geravandi, S. (2011). Problems and Limitations of Rural Tourism, Using Grounded Theory (Case-study: Harir Village, Kermanshah Province). Journal of Rural Research, 1(3), 25-52 (in persian). Rebecca, Ch., Rose, B., & Bor, T., (2015). Eco-Lodges, a Future for Sustainable Tourism in Kenya, Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Sports, No 8, Pp 37-41. Rezvani, A. (2000). Geography and tourism Industry, Payam Noor University press (in persian). Rezvani, MR. (2008). Rural tourism development (sustainable tourism approach), university of Tehran press (in persian). Rocharungsat, Pimrawee (2005), Community-based tourism: perspectives and future, possibilities.PhD thesis, James Cook University. Serra, G. (2007), Ecotourism in the PALMYRA Desert, SYRIA A Feasibility Study. Shamsoaldini, a. (2010)."Rural Tourism" as a Constructive Method for Rural Development,A case Study: Fahlyan village. JHRE. 2010; 29 (131) :95-108(in persian). Sharpley, R & Telfer, D. (2012). Tourism and development in the developing world, translated by hamid zargham borojeni, Zahra nekoi, nilofar abbaspur and moslem shojai, mahkameh press (in persian). Theobald William, F. (2004). Global Tourism, Elsevier.