Owner & Primary Publisher: University of Tehran; Journal of Rural Research 2008-7373 13 4 2023 02 20 Geography of Happiness: A Spatial Analysis of Happiness Affected by Socio-Economic Factors at the Level of Rural Areas (Case Study: Villages of Torbat-Haydarieh Township) Geography of Happiness: A Spatial Analysis of Happiness Affected by Socio-Economic Factors at the Level of Rural Areas (Case Study: Villages of Torbat-Haydarieh Township) 700 715 88915 10.22059/jrur.2022.343590.1747 FA Khadije Sadeghi PhD, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Sistan and Balochestan, Zahedan, Iran. 0000-0002-7628-2601 Ali Hajinejad Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. 0000-0001-8327-9438 Javad Bazafshan Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Sistan and Balochestan , Iran. 0000-0002-5985-7047 Majid Yasouri Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. 0000-0002-8800-6196 Journal Article 2022 05 24 Happiness is a person's judgment and evaluation of satisfaction with their quality of life. Studies have shown that there are spatial differences in the Happiness of people between places and regions. Therefore, this study has investigated the state of Happiness and its spatial dependence in rural areas of Torbat-e Heydarieh. The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of applied purpose and method.Data collection tools were questionnaires and interviews from selected samples consisting of 380 households from the statistical population of rural households in Torbat-e Heydarieh (N = 23105) using Cochran's formula and quota sampling method. Descriptive statistics, Fordyce Happiness Questionnaire, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data and GIS was used to analyze the vigor status of the studied villages in Torbat-e Heydariyeh. The test results and comparison of the means of Happiness obtained from the Fordyce questionnaire indicate that the Happiness of the villages was classified into three categories: low (average scores 320-355), medium (356-365) and high (366-385). The results of multiple regression also showed that out of 18 independent variables related to Happiness, 4 variables were income with a correlation coefficient of (0.399), social capital (0.383), the distance of 5 km from the nearest city (0.599) and distance of 10 to 15 km. It had the highest correlation with the city with a coefficient of (0.452) with the Happiness of rural households. Also, the study of the Happiness map of the studied villages confirms the spatial dependence of Happiness due to the cluster Happiness of the villages. Happiness is a person's judgment and evaluation of satisfaction with their quality of life. Studies have shown that there are spatial differences in the Happiness of people between places and regions. Therefore, this study has investigated the state of Happiness and its spatial dependence in rural areas of Torbat-e Heydarieh. The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of applied purpose and method.Data collection tools were questionnaires and interviews from selected samples consisting of 380 households from the statistical population of rural households in Torbat-e Heydarieh (N = 23105) using Cochran's formula and quota sampling method. Descriptive statistics, Fordyce Happiness Questionnaire, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data and GIS was used to analyze the vigor status of the studied villages in Torbat-e Heydariyeh. The test results and comparison of the means of Happiness obtained from the Fordyce questionnaire indicate that the Happiness of the villages was classified into three categories: low (average scores 320-355), medium (356-365) and high (366-385). The results of multiple regression also showed that out of 18 independent variables related to Happiness, 4 variables were income with a correlation coefficient of (0.399), social capital (0.383), the distance of 5 km from the nearest city (0.599) and distance of 10 to 15 km. It had the highest correlation with the city with a coefficient of (0.452) with the Happiness of rural households. Also, the study of the Happiness map of the studied villages confirms the spatial dependence of Happiness due to the cluster Happiness of the villages. https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_88915_29fa621db36879b089c2b866876699c4.pdf