نوع‌شناسی ادراکات کشاورزان گندم‌کار و سبزی‌کار نسبت به تغییرات آب‌وهوایی با استفاده از روش‌شناسی کیو (مورد مطالعه: شهرستان حمیدیه خوزستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین، خوزستان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین، خوزستان، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین، خوزستان، ایران.

چکیده

تغییرات آب‌وهوایی و گرمایش جهانی، یکی از مسائل مهم جهان در قرن بیست‌ویکم است که اثر منفی درخورتوجهی بر جامعه انسانی به‌ویژه بخش کشاورزی می‌گذارد. ازآنجاکه ادراک کشاورزان در زمینه تغییرات آب‌وهوایی، با نگرش و رفتار آنان برای مقابله و کنارآمدن با این مشکل ارتباط مستقیم دارد، شناخت ادراکات آن‌ها برای برنامه‌ریزی و سیاست‌گذاری مهم و ضروری است. ازطرف‌دیگر همه کشاورزان تغییرات آب‌وهوایی را به یک شکل درک نمی‌کنند و در نگرش کشاورزان ناهمگونی به‌چشم می‌خورد. مطالعه حاضر با استفاده از روش کیو به‌منظور نوع‌شناسی ادراکات کشاورزان شهرستان حمیدیه دربرابر تغییرات آب‌وهوایی انجام شده است. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از نسخه 2014 نرم‌افزار پی.کیو مِتُد استفاده شد. تحلیل عاملی رتبه‌بندی‌ها نشان می‌دهد دو دیدگاه حمایت‌طلبان و سازشگران در میان 27 کشاورز سبزی‌کار و دو دیدگاه منفعلان تقدیرگرا و ناامیدان در میان 19 کشاورز گندم‌کار وجود دارد. دیدگاه‌های مختلف نشان می‌دهد که افراد مختلف تفکرهای مختلفی درباره علل، اثرها، اثربخشی درک‌شده، مسئولیت‌پذیری، سازگاری و تمایل به کاهش گازهای گلخانه‌ای و تغییرات آب‌وهوایی دارند. شناسایی این دیدگاه‌های مختلف می‌تواند بر سیاست‌گذاری‌های کشور درزمینه مبارزه با این بلای طبیعی به‌صورت مستقیم اثرگذار باشد و سیاست‌های خاصی برای هر طبقه به‌وجود آورد و درنتیجه تأثیر پیام‌ها را افزایش و هزینه‌ها را کاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Typology of Wheat and Vegetable Farmers’ Perception Towards Climate Change Through of Q-Methodology

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tahereh Zobeidi 1
  • Masoud Yazdanpanah 2
  • Masoumeh Forouzani 2
  • Bahman Khosravipour 3
1 MSc. Student, Department of Agriculture Extension and Education, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University, Khuzestan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture Extension and Education, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University, Khuzestan, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture Extension and Education, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University, Khuzestan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Climate change and global warming are serious challenges in the 21st century with significant negative impacts on the agriculture. Farmers are important players if agriculture is to be adjusted to the changing climate conditions. Their perceptions about climate change directly affect their behavior toward this problem. Therefore, it is important to recognize and classify their perceptions to improve the rural development programs. We used the Q methodology to classify the farmers' perceptions toward climate change in Hamidiyeh County in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Q research initiates by recognizing a concourse, often shaped by dialogs with elite people. Then, a Q statement is nominated, which represents an individual's belief. In this study, by reviewing the literature and interviewing with 6 agricultural experts and farmers, 160 statements were identified. Then, by sorting them, we arrived at 42 final statements or Q-sample. This Q-sample was sorted by 46 farmers, selected through purposive sampling. To analyze the data, we used PQMethod 2014. The factor analysis of Q sorts revealed two discourses; support seekers and adaptable among the 27 vegetable growers; and two other discourses among 19 wheat farmers; fatalism passive-adherents and disappointment. Various individuals think differently about the causes, impacts, self-efficacy, responsibility, adaptation, and intention to mitigation of greenhouse gasses and climate change. Therefore, based on the perceptions, knowledge, and behavior of the individuals, policy makers can provide various recommendations to deal with climate change.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Typology
  • climate change
  • Farmers’ Perceptions
  • Adaptation
  • Greenhouse Gases
  • Q-methodology
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