واکاوی سازه‌های فردی و اجتماعی مؤثر بر توسعه کارآفرینی روستایی با تأکید بر بخش کشاورزی کامفیروز شهرستان مرودشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران

چکیده

مسالۀ احیای مناطق روستایی و محیطی از طریق توسعۀ کارآفرینی کشاورزی، توجّه زیادی را به خود معطوف کرده است. از این‌رو، هدف اصلی این پژوهش توصیفی ـ همبستگی، واکاوی سازه‌های فردی و اجتماعی مؤثر بر توسعۀ کارآفرینی روستایی با تأکید بر کشاورزی است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش 3106 خانوار روستایی در بخش کامفیروز بودند که با توجّه به جدول بارتلت و همکاران، 197 نفر از آن‌ها از طریق روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای با انتساب متناسب انتخاب شدند. روایی صوری پرسش‌نامه با نظر متخصصان مورد تأیید قرار گرفت و روایی سازه و پایایی ترکیبی ابزار پژوهش نیز، از طریق برآورد مدل اندازه‌گیری و پس از انجام اصلاحات لازم به دست آمد. داده‌های گردآوری شده با نرم‌افزارهایSPSSwin22  و AMOS21 تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که هر پنج فرضیۀ اصلی پژوهش مورد پذیرش قرار گرفته و هریک از سازه‌های فردی و اجتماعی (سرمایۀ اجتماعی، هنجارهای ذهنی، حمایت خانوادگی ادراک شده، باور به خود کارآمدی و تأکید بر نهادهای محلی)، اثر مثبت و معناداری بر متغیر وابسته داشته‌اند و درمجموع حدود 54 درصد از واریانس توسعۀ کارآفرینی روستایی با تأکید بر بخش کشاورزی را در منطقۀ موردمطالعه تبیین کرده‌اند. در پایان، بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش پیشنهاداتی نیز ارائه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Individual and Social Constructions Affecting the Development of Rural Entrepreneurship with an Emphasis on the Agriculture Sector in Kamfiruz District of Marvdasht County

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Rahmanian Koshkaki 1
  • yaghoub zarei 2
1 Graduated PhD, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Literature, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch,Tehran, Iran
2 PhD Geography and Rural Planning, Yong Researchers and Elite Club,Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
چکیده [English]

The question of revitalizing rural and peripheral regions through the promotion of entrepreneurship in agriculture has attracted considerable attention. The main purpose of this descriptive–correlative research is to analyze individual and social effects on the development of rural entrepreneurship with an emphasis on the agriculture sector. The population of the study consisted of the landowners in Kamfiruz district (N = 3106). According to the table devised by Bartlett et al., a sample of 197 was selected using the stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The construct validity and the composite reliability of the research instrument were tested by estimating the measurement model, and they became satisfactory after necessary corrections were made. The data were analyzed using SPSSwin22 and AMOS21 soft ware programs. The results showed that the main hypotheses of the research were confirmed, and five constructs of individual and social factors (i.e. social capital, subjective norms, perceived family support, self-efficacy belief, and local institutes) had a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable. The constructs totally explained about 54 percent of the variances of the development of rural entrepreneurship with an emphasis on agriculture in Kamfiruz district. Finally, some recommendations were made based on the research findings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Individual and social factors
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Agriculture
  • Structural Equation Modeling
  • Kamfiruz district
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