واکاوی نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در بهبود تاب‌آوری خانوارهای روستایی در شرایط خشکسالی در شهرستان دیواندره

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

هدف کلی این پژوهش، واکاوی نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در بهبود تاب‌آوری خانوارهای روستایی در شرایط خشکسالی بود. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل سرپرست خانوارهای‏ روستایی کشاورزان کوچک‌مقیاس در روستاهای شهرستان دیواندره بود (N=10099). با استفاده از فرمول نمونه‌گیری کوکران حجم نمونه 184 نفر به دست آمد که برای افزایش اعتبار یافته‏ها، تعداد 200 پرسشنامه بین اعضای جامعه آماری توزیع گردید که درنهایت 195 پرسشنامه تکمیل و عودت داده شد. روش نمونه‏گیری، تصادفی طبقه‏ای (بخش‌های مختلف به‌عنوان طبقه در نظر گرفته شد) با انتساب متناسب بود. ابزار اصلی تحقیق پرسشنامه‌ای بود که روایی آن توسط پانل متخصصان و پایایی آن توسط ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد (α>0.7). تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‏ها با ‏استفاده از نرم‏افزار SPSSwin18 و Lisrel8.54 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که خانوارهای موردمطالعه ازنظر وضعیت سرمایه اجتماعی در وضعیت مطلوبی قرار دارند اما ازنظر وضعیت تاب‌آوری در وضعیت مناسبی نیستند. همچنین، نتایج تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد که بین تمامی ابعاد سرمایه اجتماعی (اعتماد اجتماعی، مشارکت و اقدام جمعی، انسجام اجتماعی و عضویت در گروه‌ها) خانوارهای موردمطالعه و تاب‌آوری آنان رابطه مثبت و معنی‏داری وجود دارد. علاوه بر این، نتایج مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری پژوهش نشان داد که ابعاد سرمایه اجتماعی با ضریب تبیین 81 درصد ( 90/γ=0 , 81/t=17) اثر مثبت و معنی‏داری بر تاب‌آوری خانوارهای موردبررسی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Role of Social Capital to Improve the Resilience of Rural Households in Drought Conditions in the County of Divandarreh

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moslem Savari 1
  • Abas Abdeshahi 2
1 Assistant professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture and Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
2 Associate professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture and Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the role of social capital to improve the resilience of rural households in drought conditions. The statistical population of this study included all of the headmen in small-scale farming households of the county of Divandarreh (N = 10099) in Kurdistan Province. Using Cochran's sampling formula, 184 people were selected as the sample, but, to increase the credibility of the findings, 200 people were selected. A questionnaire was distributed among them. Totally, 195 questionnaires were completed and analyzed. The sampling was done by the stratified random sampling method with proportional assignment. The main data collection tool of the research was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. Its reliability was also confirmed by the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α> 0.7). The data analysis was done by the SPSS version 18 and the Lisre l8.54 software programs. The results showed that the studied households are in a favorable situation in terms of social capital status, but they are not in a good condition in terms of resilience. The correlational analysis indicated positive and significant relationships between all the dimensions of the studied households’ social capital (i.e. social trust, participation and collective action, social cohesion and membership in groups) and their resilience. In addition, the results of structural equation modeling showed that the dimensions of social capital with the determining coefficient of 0.81 (γ = 0.90, t = 17.81) had positive and significant effects on the resilience of the households.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Social capital
  • resilience
  • Natural hazards
  • Drought
  • Divandarreh County
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