بررسی تطبیقی الگوهای مکان - رفتار در مساکن قبل و بعد از زلزله روستای زلزله زده سرند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری معماری اسلامی، گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

روستای سرند از توابع شهرستان هریس در زلزله آذربایجان شرقی 1391 دچار تخریب صد در صد گردید. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، شناخت و بررسی روند بازسازی و الگوی مسکن ارائه شده برای آسیب‌دیدگان و مقایسه آن با الگوهای پیشین و نیز ارزیابی تطبیقی الگوهای مکان-رفتاری در دو وضعیت قبل و بعد از زلزله و روشن شدن نواقص و مشکلات به وجود آمده جهت رفع آن در حوادث بعدی است. در راستای رسیدن به اهداف مورد نظر، علاوه بر مطالعه اسناد و مدارک موجود، از پیمایش محیطی نیز استفاده شده است، بدین منظور  از روش اکتشافی ـ توصیفی در کل پژوهش بهره گرفته شده است.
نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که الگوهای مکان- رفتار بعد از زلزله مساکن روستای سرند تفاوت اساسی با الگوهای قبل از زلزله داشته و به دلیل شتاب‌زده بودن بازسازی توجهی به الگوهای سنتی و بومی و مشارکت اهالی روستا، همچنین معیشت روستائیان نشده است. علاوه بر این نتایج نشان می‌دهد زبان الگوی خانه‌های جدید (بعد از زلزله) در مقابل زبان الگوی خانه‌های سنتی، قرار دارد. همچنین در مورد الگوهای انسانی می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که الگوهای مکان-رفتار خانه‌های سنتی به الگوهای کالبد-عملکرد در خانه‌های جدید تقلیل یافته‌اند. لذا می‌توان گفت با همکاری و مشارکت دادن روستائیان در بازسازی و استفاده از تجربه و اندیشه آنان و به‌کارگیری اصول سنتی و بومی تا حد لزوم می‌توان تا حدودی زیادی از شدت مشکلات احتمالی در آینده کاست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study of Place-Behavior Patterns in Houses before and after the Earthquake in the Village of Sarand

نویسندگان [English]

  • Minou Gharehbaglou 1
  • Shahin Farrokhi 2
1 Associate professor, Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Ph.D. candidate in Islamic architecture, Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Sarand is a village in the county of Harris in the East Azerbaijan province, Iran. In 2012, it suffered a total destruction in an earthquake. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the housing pattern proposed for the injured and to compare it with the previous patterns. Also, a comparative evaluation is performed of the behavioral patterns in both pre- and post-earthquake settings to clarify the deficiencies and problems encountered. In order to achieve the desired goals, in addition to studying the existing documents, a field survey was done. For this purpose, the descriptive exploratory method was used in the research.
The results of the research indicate that the patterns of place-behavior in Sarand village houses after the earthquake are fundamentally different from the pre-earthquake patterns. Due to the hasty reconstruction of buildings, little or no attention was paid to the traditional and indigenous patterns, participation of the villagers, and issues of rural livelihoods. In addition, the results indicate that the language of the new housing model after the earthquake is in contrast to the language of the traditional housing model. In the case of human patterns, it can be concluded that the place-behavior patterns of traditional houses have turned into poor physical-functional patterns in the new houses. Therefore, possible problems in such cases can be reduced in the future by the cooperation and involvement of users in reconstruction processes, using of their experiences and opinions, and application of traditional and indigenous principles.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Reconstruction
  • Rural Housing
  • Place-behavior patterns
  • Behavioral headquarters
  • Village of Sarand
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