شناسایی و تحلیل انواع ریسک‌های مرتبط با کشت زعفران (موردمطالعه: استان کرمانشاه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی و تحلیل منابع ریسک کشت زعفران در استان کرمانشاه با روش کمی انجام شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش زعفران کاران استان کرمانشاه به تعداد114 نفر بودند که به‌صورت تمام شماری از آن‌ها اطلاعات گردآوری شد. ابزار پژوهش پرسش‌نامه محقق ساخته دو قسمتی، شامل ویژگی‌های فردی و حرفه‌ای بهره‌برداران و گویه‌هایی جهت سنجش ریسک بوده است. به منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از نظرسنجی و فرمول‌های مرتبط استفاده شد. از نظر زعفران کاران مهم‌ترین ریسک‌های تولید(عرضه نشدن به‌موقع نهاده‌ها بخصوص بنه‌های زعفران، وجود حیوانات و جوندگان و عدم شناخت سموم مختلف جهت مبارزه با علف‌های هرز)؛ ریسک انسانی (کمبود نیروی انسانی در دسترس برای برداشت زعفران، بیماری و مهاجرت افراد جوان خانواده و سرقت محصول و ادوات کشاورزی)؛ ریسک بازار(تضمین فروش، عدم وجود تجهیزات و امکانات بسته‌بندی و فروش فله‌ای محصول و قیمت‌گذاری سلیقه‌ای)؛ ریسک‌های مالی(دسترسی نداشتن به تسهیلات بانکی، عدم وجود نقدینگی کمبود سرمایه و فاصله زمانی کوتاه بین دریافت و بازپرداخت وام) و ریسک‌های نهادی(فقدان حمایت و کمک دولت در فروش و بازاریابی زعفران با قیمت مناسب، عدم وجود پوشش بیمه‌ای ‌توسط دولت، عدم وجود شبکه ارتباطی بین زعفران‌کاران در سطح محلی و منطقه‌ای) هستند که لازم است به‌منظور توسعه کشت زعفران تلاش در جهت رفع ریسک‌های مربوطه صورت پذیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification and Analysis of Different Risks Associated with Saffron Cultivation (Case Study: Kermanshah Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Kooshki 1
  • Farahnaz Rostami 2
  • Aliasghar Mirakzadeh 2
1 PhD Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Assistant professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This research was conducted quantitatively to identify and analyze the sources of risks of saffron production in Kermanshah province. The statistical population consisted of 114 saffron farmers of the province, of whom data were collected by complete enumeration technique. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two sections including the demographic and occupational characteristics of the participants and items to measure risk. The data were analyzed by opinion polls and related formulas. The results of the multi virtual cluster analysis showed that most saffron farmers reported low production risk, price and financial costs, and moderate and high natural and human risks. According to saffron farmers, the most important risks include production risks (such as the lack of timely delivery of inputs), human risk (the shortage of available labor to harvest saffron, disease, and migration of young family members, and the theft of agricultural products and equipment), market risk (guaranteed sales, lack of equipment and facilities for packaging and bulk sales of the product, and arbitrary pricing), financial risks (lack of access to bank facilities, lack of liquidity, shortage of funds, lack of savings accounts to avoid selling the crop at a low price, and a short interval between receiving and repaying loans), natural risk (lack of government support and assistance for the sale and marketing of saffron at reasonable prices, absence of state-sponsored insurance, lack of communication network between saffron farmers at the local and regional level). The development of saffron production calls for efforts to eliminate the relevant risks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Risk
  • Medicinal plants
  • Kermanshah Province
  • Development Agriculture
  • Saffron
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