شناسایی و تحلیل الگوی فضایی سکونت‌گزینی مهاجران خارجی در فضای روستایی و شهری ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه جمعیت‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

برای ایران که در طی چهل سال اخیر تغییرات مهم جمعیتی را تجربه کرده، مهاجرپذیری از موضوعات مهم جمعیتی و سیاسی آن به‌شمار می‌آید. گر چه در طی سال‌های پس از انقلاب، ایران شرایط ثبات دایمی را تجربه نکرده و به‌طور مستمر با مسایلی مانند جنگ و تهدید و تحریم رو‌به‌رو بوده است، اما تاکنون مأمن پناهندگان کشورهای همجوار و غیرهم‌جوار بوده است. این مهاجران پناهندگانی هستند که نتیجه جنگ و ناآرامی داخلی و بین‌المللی و یا حوادث طبیعی در کشورهای افغانستان، عراق و پاکستان هستند. به‌جز این سه گروه عمده، مهاجرانی از سایر کشورها نیز در نواحی شهری و روستایی حضور دارند. در این پژوهش برای شناسایی الگوی فضایی سکونت‌گزینی مهاجران از آماره موران I استفاده شده و برای نمایش محلی نقاط داغ ترکیب جمعیتی مهاجران، از آماره *Getis-Ord Gi استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش به ما نشان داد که الگوی سکونت‌گزینی هم در نواحی روستایی و هم در نواحی شهری، از تمرکز به سمت پخش در حال حرکت است. همچنین در بررسی محلی شاخص ترکیب جمعیت اتباع به ایرانی برای نواحی روستایی 27 شهرستان با امتیاز 3 و برای امتیازهای 2 و 1 هر کدام سه شهرستان شناسایی شده و 34 شهرستان با امتیاز 3 ،10 شهرستان با امتیاز 2 و 10 شهرستان با امتیاز یک در نقاط داغ شاخص قرار گرفته‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying and Analyzing the Spatial Pattern of Foreign Immigrant Settlement in the Rural and Urban Environment of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yashar Zaki 1
  • Seyed Abbas Ahmadi 1
  • Mohammad Jalal Abbasi Shoazi 2
  • Zahra Adibnia 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Political Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Demography, Faculty of Social Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 PhD Candidate, Department of Political Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

During the past 40 years, Iran has faced vast important demographic changes. Even though Iran has not experienced permanent stability after the Islamic revolution and constantly has dealt with matters such as war, threats, and sanctions, it has been homeward for refugees from neighboring and non-neighboring countries. These refugees originated from Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan. Except for these three major groups, there are some immigrants from Turkey, Turkmenistan, Armenia, etc. that inhabit in rural and urban settlements in Iran. Moran's I statistic has been applied to determine the spatial pattern of location selection and local visualization of the pattern, Getis-Ord Gi* statistic employed. The results express that in both rural and urban areas, the aliens' location selection pattern is shifting from concentration to dispread. Furthermore, 33 zones in the hotspot have been found in the local survey of the population composition index, for rural areas. We have also observed 54 zones in the hotspot for urban areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Immigrant Settlement
  • Rural
  • Urban
  • Moran's I
  • Hotspot
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