بررسی روش‌های سازگاری روستاییان با کم‌آبی در استان خوزستان: کاربرد نظریه بنیانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

سازگاری با تنش‌های آب جهت حمایت از معیشت و تأمین امنیت غذایی از اهمیت بسیاری برخوردار است. بااین‌حال، نوع و میزان راهبردهای‌ سازگاری در مناطق و بسترهای اجتماعی - اقتصادی و اگرو اکولوژیکی آنان متفاوت است. شناسایی و طبقه‌بندی روش‌های سازگاری مبتنی بر داده‌های تجربی می‌تواند به طراحی و اجرای مشوق‌ها، قوانین و یا اصلاحات نهادی کمک کند. از این ‌رو هدف مطالعه حاضر شناسایی انواع روش‌های سازگاری با تنش‌های آبی با استفاده از روش کیفی نظریه بنیانی است. تکنیک‌های به کار رفته برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها عبارت‌اند از مشاهده مستقیم، مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته، یادداشت‌های میدانی و ضبط شواهد و یافته‌ها که در جریان مصاحبه‌ها صورت گرفت. اشباع نظری داده‌ها، با استفاده از نظرات 41 نفر از کارشناسان جهاد کشاورزی و کشاورزان به دست آمد. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق روش‌های سازگاری به چهار دسته کلی شامل تغییر در عملیات کشاورزی، مدیریت آبیاری، مدیریت مالی و اقتصادی و مدیریت اجتماعی تقسیم‌بندی گردید. روش‌های مدیریت عملیات کشاورزی به‌نوبه خود شامل دو دسته مدیریت محصول و مدیریت مزرعه بوده است. مدیریت آب شامل صرفه‌جویی در آب و فناوری تأمین آب، روش‌های مدیریت اقتصادی شامل، تنوع‌بخشی به درآمد یا شغل، بیمه کشاورزی، پس‌انداز کردن و صرفه‌جویی در هزینه‌ها و دریافت کمک مالی به‌صورت قرض یا وام بوده است. مدیریت اجتماعی در زیر طبقه مهاجرت و شبکه‌سازی و گسترش دانش به منظور افزایش آگاهی در مورد روش‌های کاهش آسیب بوده است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating Typology of Adaptation Strategies of Villagers to Water Shortage in Khuzestan Province: Application of Grounded Theory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tahereh Zobeidi 1
  • Jafar Yaghoubi 2
  • Masoud Yazdanpanah 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
3 Associate Professors, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture and Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and the Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Adaptation to stress is very important to support livelihoods and ensure food security. However, the type of adaptation strategies varies between regions and their socioeconomic and agroecological contexts. Identifying and classifying empirical data-based adaptation methods can help design and implement incentives, rules, or institutional reforms. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to classify and identify types of adaptation to water stress using a qualitative method, Grounded theory. Techniques used to collect data include direct observation, semi-structured interviews, and field notes. Based on the research findings, adaptation strategies were divided into 4 general groups, including changes in agricultural operations, irrigation management, financial and economic management, and social management. Agricultural operations management methods, in turn, include two subcategories of crop management and farm management. Irrigation management includes water-saving and water supply methods. In addition, economic management methods include diversifying income or employment, agricultural insurance, saving money, and receiving loans or credits. Social management has two subcategories of migration and networking and knowledge expansion in order to increase awareness about harm reduction methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Typology of Adaptation Methods
  • Grounded Theory
  • Agricultural Management
  • Water Stress Adaptation
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