بین‌المللی‌سازی کسب‌وکارهای کوچک و متوسط روستایی: با رویکرد فراترکیب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه کارآفرینی فناوری، دانشکده مدیریت، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه کارآفرینی فناورانه، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قزوین، قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

اهمیت کسب‌وکارهای روستایی، به خاطر تأثیری که در رشد و ایجاد تنوع در فعالیت‌های اقتصادی می‌گذارد، روزبه‌روز افزایش پیدا می‌کند. در این میان رویکردهای جدیدی برای توسعه اقتصاد روستایی و جوامع روستایی شناسایی‌شده است. یکی از این ‌رویکردها، شناسایی فرصت‌های ملی و بین‌المللی است که منجر به رشد و توسعه کسب‌وکارهای روستایی شده است. ازاین‌رو توجه به عوامل مؤثر بر بین‌المللی‌سازی کسب‌وکارهای روستایی، ضروری و همسو با معانی و افزایش توسعه اقتصادی، صنعتی و ایجاد اشتغال گوناگون در جوامع است. روش پژوهش حاضر برحسب هدف، بنیادی و برحسب روش گردآوری اطلاعات، فراترکیب است. همچنین جامعه آماری، مطالعات مرتبط با موضوع پژوهش در پایگاه‌های داخلی، اسکو پوس و وب آو ساینس بوده و ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات، مطالعات داده‌های ثانوی کتابخانه‌ای است. در فرآیند این تحقیق ابتدا با استفاده از روش فراترکیب، ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های محتمل مؤثر بر بین‌المللی‌سازی کسب‌وکارهای روستایی یادشده شناسایی شد. سپس با بهره‌گیری ازنظر خبرگان، نتایج حاصل مورد تحلیل و راستی آزمایی قرار گرفت. بر این اساس 110 مقاله مورد تحلیل و بررسی و کدهای آن‌ها استخراج شد. سپس کدهایی که مفهوم مشترک را می‌رساندند در قالب 24 مفهوم دسته‌بندی‌شده و سپس در 7 زمینه اصلی طبقه‌بندی شدند. از 24 مفهوم، 17 مفهوم در 5 زمینه اصلی عوامل داخلی سازمان؛ سرمایه اجتماعی، ویژگی‌های مدیر، کیفیت منابع انسانی، سرمایه مالی، توانمندی استراتژیک سازمانی و 7 مفهوم در 2 زمینه اصلی عوامل محیطی سازمان، فاکتورهای مرتبط با کشور مبدأ، فاکتورهای مرتبط با کشور میزبان طبقه‌بندی‌شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Internationalization of Small and Medium Rural Enterprises: A Meta-Synthesis Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Haleh Ezzati Raz 1
  • Morteza Akbari 2
  • Morteza Mousakhani 3
  • Ali Badizadeh 4
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Technological Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Technological Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in economic development. One of the necessities for developing countries is to move SMEs towards internationalization. Small and medium-sized enterprises are increasingly leading to economic development because competitive pressure is increasing and direct financial aid and government support are declining. Therefore, moving from the national markets to the international markets is considered to be a very important decision for SMEs, which have a small financial base, a domestic focus, and a limited geographic scope. The present research is applied and fundamental, and in terms of data collection method, it is a meta-synthesis study. The present study is a qualitative research and meta-synthesis was used as the research method. Meta-synthesis offers an appropriate balance between an objective framework, a rigorously scientific approach to data analysis, and the necessary contribution of the researcher’s subjectivity in the construction of the final work. Unfortunately, there has been no comprehensive approach to the existing models of internationalization of rural businesses. This paper aims to start filling this gap by exploring the factors influencing the internationalization of rural businesses in the form of an integrated model.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Meta-Synthesis
  • Internationalization
  • Factors Affecting The Internationalization
  • Rural SMEs
  • Characteristics Of Rural SMEs
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