تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی اثرگذار بر تاب‌آوری سکونتگاه‌های روستایی در مواجهه با سیلاب (موردمطالعه: روستاهای شرق استان گیلان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.

چکیده

تاب‌آوری نقش مهمی در توانمندسازی اجتماعات روستایی در برابر مخاطره سیل دارد. از این رو تاب‌آوری به‌عنوان راهبرد مناسب در  کاهش آسیب‌پذیری و مدیریت بحران بلایای طبیعی  در کانون توجه بسیاری از کشورها قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر به دنبال تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی اثرگذار بر تاب‌آوری نواحی روستایی شرق استان گیلان در برابر مخاطره سیل است. هدف تحقیق کاربردی و داده‌ها با استفاده از روش توصیفی- تحلیلی با استفاده از منابع اسنادی و مطالعات میدانی (پرسشنامه) گردآوری شده است. واحد تحلیل پژوهش سرپرستان خانوار روستایی ساکن در محدوده موردمطالعه است که با استفاده از روش کوکران 379 نفر انتخاب شده‌اند. در این پژوهش از آزمون T تک نمونه‌ای برای ارزیابی معناداری و قابلیت تعمیم نتایج و از ضریب همبستگی و روش رگرسیون جهت تحلیل داده‌ها و میزان اثرگذاری مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی بر تاب‌آوری استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد، مؤلفه مشارکت جمعی بیشترین تأثیر را در ارتقای تاب‌آوری جوامع روستایی نسبت به مؤلفه‌های وابستگی مکانی، اعتماد اجتماعی و دانش و آگاهی دارد. درنهایت سطوح تاب‌آوری حاصل از محدوده مطالعاتی بیانگر آن است که دهستان‌های اشکور سفلی و دیوشل در پایین‌ترین سطح تاب‌آوری در بعد اجتماعی و دهستان‌های دهگاه، دریاسر و کجید در بالاترین سطح تاب‌آوری در بعد اجتماعی در برابر مخاطره سیل  قرار دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Social Components Affecting the Resilience of Rural Settlements to Floods (Case Study: Villages in the East of Guilan Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Hossein Nia 1
  • Teymour Amar 2
  • Eisa Pourramzan 3
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Resilience plays an important role in empowering rural communities against flood risk. Therefore, resilience has been paid attention to as a suitable strategy mitigating vulnerability and crisis management of natural disasters in many countries. The present study aims to analyze the social components affecting the resilience of rural areas in the east of Guilan province against flood hazard. The present research is an applied research and data was collected using a descriptive-analytical method based on documentary sources and field studies (questionnaire). The study sample consisted of 379 householders in rural areas which were selected by Cochran's method. Then, one sample T-test was used to prove the significance and generalizability of the results, and coefficient of correlation and regression method were used to analyze the data and the effect of social components on resilience. The results show that the component of collective participation has the greatest impact on improving the resilience of rural communities to the components of place attachment, social trust, and knowledge. Finally, resilience scores from the study area indicate that the villages of Eshkevar Sofla and Divshal are at the lowest level and the villages of Dahgah, Daryasar, and Kojid are at the highest level in terms of social components of resilience to floods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Analysis
  • Resilience
  • Rural Communities
  • Flood
  • East of Guilan Province
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