تحلیل تأثیر قالیبافی بر وضعیت اقتصادی و اجتماعی خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان آق‌قلا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه گلستان، گرگان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

تولید فرش دستبافت یکی از فعالیت‌های مهم و یاریگر معیشت بسیاری از خانوارهای روستایی به شمار می‌رود. هدف پژوهش حاضر تحلیل تأثیر قالیبافی بر وضعیت اقتصادی و اجتماعی خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان آق‌قلا است. پژوهش به لحاظ هدف کاربردی و روش‌ آن توصیفی - تحلیلی و مبتنی بر پیمایش و جامعه آماری آن را خانوارهای ساکن در 10 روستای شهرستان آق‌قلا تشکیل می‌دهد که 367 خانوار دارای زنان شاغل در تولید فرش دستبافت به‌عنوان حجم نمونه با فرمول کوکران تعیین گردید. به منظور بررسی شاخص‌های اقتصادی و اجتماعی از 33 متغیر در قالب طیف لیکرت استفاده شد. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها مبتنی بر پرسشنامه محقق ساخته که روایی محتوایی آن توسط اساتید تأیید و پایایی آن با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای متغیرهای اقتصادی 82 درصد و متغیرهای اجتماعی 91 درصد به دست آمده است. به منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از تحلیل همبستگی کای اسکوئر و مقایسه میانگین فریدمن و کروسکال‌والیس در محیط نرم‌افزاری SPSS و برای تهیه نقشه از نرم‌افزار ArcGis استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل همبستگی در مؤلفه‌های موردبررسی نشان می‌دهد که رابطه معنادار در سطح اطمینان 99 درصدی بین سطح تحصیلات با متغیرهای اقتصادی و اجتماعی وجود دارد. همچنین نتایج آزمون کروسکال-والیس بیانگر عدم تفاوت خاص به‌جز افزایش پس‌انداز بین روستاهای موردمطالعه بوده و تأثیر تولید فرش دستبافت بر تمام روستاها یکسان است. مهم‌ترین چالش‌ها را می‌توان در غیرقابل‌پیش‌بینی بودن قیمت مواد اولیه، مشکلات مربوط به تأمین مالی، تولید و عرضه بعضاً تولیدات غیراستاندارد بیان نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Role of Carpet Production in the Economic and Social Situation of Rural Households in Aq Qala Township

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bahman Sahneh 1
  • Mohammad Amin Khorasani 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Production of Turkmen handmade carpet is one of the important activities outside farms and it is the source of income for lots of rural families. The objective of this survey is to do an analysis of the effect of handmade carpet production on the improvement of the sustainable livelihood of rural families in Aq Qala. This is an applied survey that uses descriptive-analytical method. Its statistical population is the families residing in 10 villages around the city of Aq Qala. The sample size was selected by Cochrane’s formula and includes 367 families with women working in the production of handmade carpets. In order to study economic and social indexes, 33 variables were used in the form of Likert’s scale. Data collection tools were researcher-made questionnaires whose content validity was approved by university professors; their reliability for economic variables was obtained 82% and for social variables 91%. In order to analyze the data, Chi-square correlation analysis, and Freidman and Kruskal Wallis mean value comparison were used in SPSS software, and for preparing a map, ArcGIS software was used. The results achieved from correlation analysis of the studied factors show that there is a 99% significant relationship between the level of education and economic and social factors. Also, Kruskal Wallis test results show no special difference between the studied villages except the increase of saving, and the effect of handmade carpet production is equal in all villages. The most important challenges are the unpredictability of raw material prices, problems related to financial support, production and sometimes the supply of non-standard products.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Handmade Carpet
  • Sustainable Livelihood
  • Economic and Social Indicators
  • Village Women
  • Aq Qala Township
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