شناسایی و ارزیابی عوامل ساماندهی بصری موثر بر بهبود سیمای کالبدی روستاهای ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

سیما و منظر روستایی به‌عنوان عناصر مؤثر بر درک بصری مردم از محیط، یکی از مسائل مهم امروزی بوده که در حال حاضر برای متولیان و برنامه‌ریزان روستایی قابل‌تأمل است. از آنجایی که ماهیت طراحی و نظارت بر جنبه‌های بصری مؤثر در غنی‌سازی و شکل‎گیری محیط روستایی و تجربه روستاییان از سیمای کالبدی آن، با کاستی‌هایی رو‌به‌رو است، جهت تشریح بیشتر، شناسایی عوامل ساماندهی بصری و بررسی میزان اثرگذاری آن بر سیمای کالبدی روستا ضرورت دارد. این پژوهش از لحاظ ماهیت، اکتشافی و از حیث روش گردآوری داده‌ها، توصیفی - پیمایشی است. داده‌های موردنیاز تحقیق از طریق تحلیل محتوای اسنادی و پیمایش دلفی گردآوری شد. جامعه آماری در بخش دلفی، 21 نفر و در بخش پیمایشی، 265 نفر متخصص است که پس از تأیید روایی و پایایی پرسشنامه توسط اساتید و تکنیک آلفای کرونباخ، مورد پرسشگری قرار گرفتند. در این پژوهش جهت تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون T تک‌نمونه‌ای، ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون استفاده شد که نتایج نشان داده است؛ از 53 شاخص ارزیابی‌شده در ابعاد چهارگانه شامل: زیبایی‌شناختی - فرمی، کارکردی - فعالیتی، ادراکی - شناختی و طبیعی - زیستی، شاخص‌های تزیینات و مواد و مصالح با امتیاز وزنی کل (52/4) بیشترین اثرگذاری و شاخص تعادل با امتیاز (24/2) کمترین اثرگذاری را بر ساماندهی بصری روستا دارند. همچنین نتایج حاصل از تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داده است؛ 61 درصد از عوامل ساماندهی بصری، موجب بهبود سیمای کالبدی روستا می‌شود، که از میان عوامل چهارگانه، عامل ادراکی-شناختی با ضریب تأثیر 378/0 بیشترین اثر را بر بهبود سیمای کالبدی روستا دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying and Evaluating the Visual Organization Factors Affecting the Improvement of the Physical Appearance of Iranian Villages

نویسندگان [English]

  • Faezeh Asadpour 1
  • Jamal-e-Din Mahdi Nejad 2
  • Ali Sharghi 3
  • Bahram Saleh Sedghpour 4
1 PhD Student, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Today, the nature of the design and monitoring the visual aspects affecting the enrichment and formation of the rural environment and the villagers’ experiences of its physical appearance face shortcomings. It is necessary to identify the factors of the visual organization and study its effect on the physical appearance of the village to provide a more comprehensive description of this phenomenon. This research is exploratory in nature and descriptive survey in terms of the data collection method. The data required for the research were collected through documentary content analysis and the Delphi survey. The statistical population consists of 10 people in the Delphi section and 265 experts in the survey section who were interviewed after the validity and reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and Cronbach's alpha technique. To analyze the research data, one-sample t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Regression Analysis were used, the results of which showed that out of 53 evaluated indicators in four aspects of aesthetics-formal, activity-functional, cognitive-perceptual, and biological-natural, decorations and materials had the highest effect with an overall weight of 4.52, and the balance indicator with the score of 2.24 had the lowest impact on the visual organization of the village. Furthermore, the research findings showed a significant positive relationship between the stated factors and indicators. According to the regression analysis, 61% of the factors of the visual organization result in improving the physical appearance of the village. Among the four factors, the cognitive-perceptual factor with the impact factor of 0.378 had the most effect on the improvement of the physical appearance of the village. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Physical Appearance
  • Village Landscape
  • Visual Organization

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پژوهش های روستائی
دوره 12، شماره 3
آذر 1400
صفحه 572-589

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 خرداد 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 15 مرداد 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 مرداد 1400

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