تحلیل ساختاری دگرگونی‌های روستائیت کشاورزی در استان اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

در دهه‌های اخیر روستاها دچار تحولات بسیاری بوده‌اند. این دگرگونی‌های پویا و مداوم ابهام‌هایی را در مورد چیستی ساختار و چگونگی کارکرد آن‌ها به وجود آورده است. کشاورزی به‌عنوان فعالیت مشخصه روستایی شاهد تغییرات زیادی بوده است. تحقیق حاضر به بررسی و تحلیل ساختاری تحولات فضایی و زمانی کارکردهای کشاورزی مناطق روستایی (روستائیت کشاورزی) در استان اصفهان پرداخته است. با مطابقت و مطالعه تمامی روستاهای بالای 4 خانوار استان در دو سرشماری کشاورزی 1382 و 1393، متغیرهای مشابه استخراج و دو سری شاخص‌های مقطعی و یک سری شاخص‌های طولی برای این تحولات تعریف و محاسبه شدند. مدل‌سازی ساختارهای مقطعی و تحولات طولی شاخص‌ها با روش معادله‌یابی ساختاری و رویکرد خودگردان‌سازی انجام شد. از مجموعه شاخص‌های ده‌گانه، نرخ اشتغال کشاورزی، سرانه زمین خانوارهای بهره‌بردار، بهره‌برداری‌های با زمین آبی و زراعت‌های آبی، شاخص‌های تأثیرگذار در روستائیت کشاورزی استان در دو مقطع بوده‌اند. مدل‌سازی تحولات شاخص‌ها طی دوره نیز نشان داد نهاده آب و شاخص‌های آن نقش تعیین‌کننده‌تری در هویت کارکردی مبتنی بر کشاورزی روستاها نسبت به نهاده زمین‌ داشته و این کارکرد بیشتر مبتنی بر زراعت بوده است. تحلیل فضایی ساختارهای میانگین روستائیت کشاورزی بیانگر تأثیر منفی تغییرات بهره‌برداری‌های زراعی و نرخ اشتغال کشاورزی و تأثیر مثبت تغییرات نرخ باسوادی کشاورزان و سهم باغداری در الگوی کشت بر تحولات روستائیت کشاورزی در بین سه گروه روستاهای مناطق کوهستانی، دشتی و بیابانی با مداخله بیشتر تغییرات دو شاخص نرخ اشتغال و نرخ باسوادی بود. تأثیر منفی تغییرات زمین‌های آبی بر ساختار این تحولات تنها در رابطه با روستاهای مناطق بیابانی بوده است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Structural Analysis of Agricultural Rurality Evolution in Isfahan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bita Aslani Sangdeh 1
  • Abbas Amini 2
1 PhD Student, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Rural areas have experienced various evolutions in terms of structure and function, causing some vagueness regarding rural conceptions and identities. Agriculture, as the most fundamental rural activity, has had severe evolutions. This paper aims to structurally analyze the spatio-temporal evolutions of agricultural rurality in Isfahan province by conducting a comparative study considering villages consisting of more than four households during two agricultural censuses in 2003 and 2014. The same variables were extracted and two series of cross-sectional and one series of longitudinal indicators of agricultural rurality and its evolutions were calculated. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal evolutions were modeled using structural equation modeling and bootstrapping procedure. Rate of employment in agriculture, stakeholders’ per capita land, irrigated lands and irrigated cultivation were the indicators affecting agricultural rurality in both years. Results generally showed that water as input and its sub-indicators have a more determinant role in agricultural functionality than land; also, this functionality has mainly been based on farming rather than gardening. Regional analysis on the mean structures of agricultural rurality indicated the negative impact of the changes in employment rate in agriculture and farming stakeholders and contrarily the positive impact of the changes in farmers’ literacy rate and gardening stakeholders on the evolution of agricultural rurality among three groups of mountainous, plain and desert rural regions. This impact has been more influential in terms of employment and literacy rates. The changes of irrigated lands have only affected the evolution of agricultural rurality in desert rural regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural rurality
  • Structural modeling
  • Isfahan province
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