عوامل مؤثر بر تمایل خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان باغملک برای حفاظت از آب در بخش خانگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

2 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

از اصلی‌ترین عواملی که امروزه باعث تهدید توسعه پایدار اجتماعی و اقتصادی می‌شود، کمبود آب است یکی از دلایل اصلی کمبود آب، افزایش تقاضای آب برای فعالیت‌های خانگی به‌ویژه در اقتصادهای درحال‌توسعه است. چراکه افزایش آگاهی مردم و توجه بیشتر به سلامتی و مسائل بهداشتی باعث بالاتر رفتن مصرف آب در این زمینه شده است. بنابراین نیاز به شناخت عواملی که باعث افزایش تمایل خانوارها نسبت به حفاظت از آب می‌شود، مهم است و باید موردتوجه ویژه قرار گیرد. ازاین‌رو هدف این مقاله تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر تمایل خانوارهای روستایی جهت حفاظت از آب در بخش خانگی است. اطلاعات موردنیاز پژوهش با روش پیمایشی و با استفاده از ابزار پرسش‌نامه محقق‌ساخت گردآوری شدند. داده‌های گردآوری‌شده به‌وسیله نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و Amos و با رویکرد مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. جامعه آماری پژوهش را خانوارهای روستایی در چهار دهستان شهرستان باغملک استان خوزستان (3005=N) خانوار تشکیل می‌دهند که بر اساس جدول کرجسی و مورگان حجم نمونه 340  سرپرست خانوار انتخاب شدند. افراد نمونه با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای با انتساب متناسب موردمطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری تحلیل مسیر نشان داد، سازه‌های اثربخشی واکنش درک‌شده، خودکارآمدی درک‌شده، هنجار اخلاقی، اطلاعات و آگاهی و عادت، تأثیر مثبت، مستقیم و معنی‌داری بر تمایل رفتاری خانوارهای روستایی جهت حفاظت از آب دارند و درنهایت نیز نظریه توسعه‌یافته انگیزش حفاظت می‌تواند 54 درصد از تغییرات متغیر تمایل رفتاری خانوارهای روستایی را نسبت به حفاظت از آب پیش‌بینی کند. در این راستا توصیه می‌گردد نهادهای محلی و سازمانهای دولتی حامی حفاظت از منابع طبیعی به‌ویژه آب با برگزاری کلاس‌های آموزشی، کارگاه‌ها و سمینارها در ذهن مخاطبان دغدغه حفاظت از آب و لزوم توجه به آن را به وجود آورده و همچنین مشارکت مردم و تمایل آنان را به حفاظت از آب افزایش دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Factors Affecting the Intention of Rural Households in Baghmalek County to Protect Water in the Domestic Sector

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moslem Savari 1
  • Ameneh savari mombeni 2
  • Hamed Izadi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
2 PhD, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
3 PhD Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The information required for the research was collected using a survey and a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling approach using SPSS and Amos software. The statistical population of this study consisted of rural households in four rural areas of Baghmalek County of Khuzestan province (N = 3005) households based on the Krejcie and Morgan table, and the sample size of 340 households was selected. Sample individuals were studied using a stratified sampling method with proportional assignment. The results obtained from the model of structural equations of path analysis also showed that the structures of perceived reaction effectiveness, perceived self-efficacy, ethical norm, information, and knowledge and habit have a positive, direct, and significant effect on the behavioral desire of rural households to protect water. Finally, the developed theory of conservation motivation can predict 54% of the variable changes in the behavioral tendency of rural households towards water conservation. The results showed that the theory used was efficient in this field. Therefore, water policymakers need to know that psychological factors are part of sustainable behavior. Using incentives and restrictions cannot help promote safe behavior in the environment unless people are psychologically prepared for a behavior. In this regard, it is recommended that local institutions and government organizations support the protection of natural resources, especially water, by holding training classes, workshops, and seminars. The concern of water protection and the need to pay attention to it have also been created in the audience's minds, as well as people's participation and increased willingness to protect water.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water protection
  • Rural households
  • Intention to protect water
  • Protection motivation theory
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