شناسایی مؤلفه‌های کالبدی - فضایی بافت روستاهای باارزش بومی مبتنی بر توسعه گردشگری (موردمطالعه: روستاهای کوهپایه‌ای غرب استان مازندران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از طرح پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد تمام، گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

روستاهای با بافت تاریخی و بومی استان مازندران از مناطق مستعد توسعه گردشگری ایران محسوب می‌شود و به دلیل برخورداری از جاذبه‌های متعدد طبیعی، فرهنگی و تاریخی مورد بازدید روزافزون شهرنشینان قرار می‌گیرند و سالانه پذیرای حجم بالای سرریز گردشگران در استان هستند. اما گاهاً بی‌برنامگی و عدم توجه مسئولین و ساکنین به قابلیت‌های موجود و همچنین ورود افراد مهاجر در روستاهای مقصد گردشگری موجب شده تا محدودیت‌هایی متعدد کالبدی - فضایی در این مناطق ایجاد گردد که در این راستا شناسایی عوامل و معیارهای کالبدی - فضایی در راستای توسعه گردشگری این روستاها امری ضروری است. پژوهش حاضر ازلحاظ ماهیت، اکتشافی و از حیث بررسی داده‌ها، تجربی - پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری موردمطالعه شامل 250 نفر از متخصصین است که با استفاده از سیستم واقعیت مجازی، محیط 5 روستای شبیه‌سازی‌شده در قالب تور مجازی برای آن‌ها به نمایش گذاشته شده و سپس با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه پژوهشگر ساخت، مورد پرسشگری مستقیم قرار گرفتند. اطلاعات جمع‌آوری‌شده، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS و از طریق تحلیل عامل اکتشافی، همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج پژوهش نشان داده است؛ 9/97 درصد از تغییرات توسعه گردشگری توسط عامل‌های کالبدی - فضایی شامل: کیفیت کالبدی - محیطی، سازمان فضایی و نفوذپذیری، عناصر تزیینی و سبک معماری، امکانات رفاهی و زیربنایی، سازگاری اقلیمی، سرسبزی و مناظر طبیعی، مراکز فرهنگی و مذهبی، آسایش کالبدی، هویت و شخصیت مکان، تبیین شده است. که عامل‌های کیفیت کالبدی - محیطی، سازمان فضایی و نفوذپذیری به ترتیب با ضریب تأثیر 674/0 و 348/0 بیشترین تأثیر را در توسعه گردشگری روستاها دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying the Physical-Spatial Components of the Valuable Vernacular Villages Based on Tourism Development (Case Study: Foothill Villages in the West of Mazandaran Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jamaledin Mahdi Nejad 1
  • Ali Sharghi 2
  • Faezeh Asadpour 3
1 Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of the Architecture and Urban Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran. Iran.
2 Associate professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran. Iran.
3 PhD Student, Department of Architecture, Faculty of the Architecture and Urban Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Villages with historical and vernacular textures in Mazandaran province can develop tourism in Iran. Thanks to the many attractions (natural and cultural-historical) and the development of the communication network, etc. (as a tourist destination), they are increasingly visited by city dwellers. They welcome a large number of tourists to the province annually. Tourism experience guarantees the possibility of returning tourists. However, the lack of clear and specific criteria for each rural area due to its specific physical-spatial texture sometimes makes developing long-term planning and implementation challenging. Thus, identifying physical-spatial factors and criteria in line with tourism development in vernacular villages is essential. Thus, this study was exploratory and descriptive regarding the data collection method. The study's statistical population included 250 experts who were selected and questioned using a random network. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software and through exploratory factor analysis, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. The research results have shown that 97.9 percent of tourism development changes by physical-spatial factors, including physical-environmental quality, spatial organization and permeability, decorative elements and architectural style, comfort and infrastructure facilities, climate adaptation, greenery and natural scenery, cultural and religious centers, comfort Physicality, identity and personality of the place have been explained. Physical-environmental quality, spatial organization, and permeability impact rural tourism development, with impact coefficients of 0.674 and 0.348, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Village
  • Indigenous context
  • Physical-spatial structure
  • Rural tourism
  • Tourism development
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