تعیین‌کننده‌های اقتصادی و اجتماعی ناامنی غذایی کشاورزان در مناطق روستایی (مورد‌مطالعه: دهستان خیر شهرستان استهبان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

چکیده

امنیت‌غذایی یکی از مهم‌ترین دغدغه‌های توسعه در مناطق روستایی است؛ لذا، در مطالعه پیشرو ابتدا ناامنی غذایی خانوارهای روستایی ساکن در دهستان خیر واقع در شهرستان استهبان و منطقه جنوبی دریاچه بختگان با استفاده از شاخص مقیاس نا‌امنی غذایی خانوار از بعد دسترسی (HFIAS) بررسی شد. سپس تعیین‌کننده‌های ناامنی غذایی در خانوارهای مورد مطالعه با استفاده از روش تخمین پروبیت ترتیبی مشخص شدند. بر اساس فرمول کوکران نمونه‌ای شامل ۳۵۰ خانوار روستایی تعیین و داده‌ها و اطلاعات مورد نیاز از طریق تکمیل پرسش‌نامه و به‌صورت حضوری در سال 1401 جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج نشان‌دهنده این است که ناامنی‌غذایی از یک خانوار به خانوار دیگر و از یک روستا به روستای دیگر به طور قابل توجهی متفاوت است. همچنین نتایج نشان می‌دهد که از میان ۳۵۰ خانوار بهره‌بردار کشاورز مورد پرسش قرارگرفتن در دهستان خیر، تعداد ۱۵۸ خانوار (۱۴/۴۵ درصد) برخوردار از امنیت غذایی، ۴۱ خانوار (۷۱/۱۱ درصد) در شرایط ناامنی‌غذایی خفیف، ۱۱۲ خانوار (۳۲ درصد) در شرایط ناامنی‌غذایی متوسط و ۳۹ خانوار (۱۴/۱۱ درصد) در شرایط ناامنی‌غذایی شدید هستند. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از روش پروپیت رتبه‌ای متغیرهای سن، تعداد اعضای خانواده، تحصیلات، دسترسی به زیرساخت‌ها، داشتن توانایی پس‌انداز، وام بانکی، درآمد خارج از مزرعه تاثیر معنی‌دار بر گروه‌های مختلف امنیت و ناامنی غذایی داشته است. در مقابل متغیر دریافت یارانه، تاثیر معنی‌داری بر ناامنی‌غذایی در منطقه موردمطالعه ندارد؛ بنابراین ضروری است شیوه پرداخت یارانه‌های مستقیم مورد بازبینی قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Economic and Social Determinants of Food Insecurity among Farmers in the Rural Region (Case Study Khir Village of Estahban County)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Ardali 1
  • Mohammad Hassan Tarazkar 2
1 PhD Student, Department of Agricultural Economics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Food security is one of the most essential rural development concerns. The present study investigated the food insecurity of rural farmer households in Khir village, located in Estahban County in southern Bakhtegan Lake, using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) index. Then, the determinants of food insecurity in the studied households were determined using the ordered Probit estimation method. Based on the Cochran formula, a sample of 350 farmer operators was determined, and the required data and information were collected by completing a questionnaire and face-to-face interview in 2022. The results showed that food insecurity varies significantly from one household to another and from one village to another village. Also, the results showed that the prevalence rate of severe food insecurity in the Khanehket and Qeshamqavi villages is greater (35.84%) than in other villages. Laikhormi village has the best food security (100% food security). Based on the results obtained from the ordered Probit method, age, number of family members, education, access to information, saving, bank loan, and off-farm income significantly reduce household-level food insecurity in the study area. On the other hand, the subsidy has no significant effect on food insecurity in the study area. Therefore, it is necessary to review the method of paying direct subsidies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Order Probit Model
  • Farmers Food Insecurity
  • HFIAS index
  • Estahban County
  • Khir Village
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