نیازسنجی و اولویت‌بندی نیازهای اجتماعات محلی با رویکرد ارزیابی مشارکتی روستایی (موردمطالعه: شهرستان ملکشاهی، استان ایلام)

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از طرح پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه جامعه شناسی، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات اجتماعی، جهاددانشگاهی، تهران، ایران.

2 مربی، گروه اقتصاد، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات اجتماعی، جهاددانشگاهی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه مطالعات خانواده، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات اجتماعی، جهاددانشگاهی، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه تاریخ و جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از اهداف اصلی برنامه‌های توسعه روستایی، توانمندسازی اجتماعات روستایی و حل مشکلات این اجتماعات از طریق امکانات و ظرفیت‌های اجتماع محلی است. برای دستیابی به توسعه پایدار روستایی و پذیرش آن از سوی اجتماع محلی توجه به نیازهای واقعی آن‌ها از اهمیت اساسی برخوردار است. در این مقاله تلاش شده است تا نیازهای روستاهای شهرستان ملکشاهی از دید اجتماع محلی شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی شود. میدان مطالعه شامل همه 27 روستای شهرستان ملکشاهی است. روش پژوهش کیفی و نیازسنجی مشارکتی و تکنیک مورداستفاده جلسات گروه‌های کانونی است. تلاش شده است با برگزاری جلسات گروهی کانونی حداقل 5 نفره و بیشتر و درگیرکردن گروه‌ها و اقشار مختلف ساکنان روستاها، نیازهای اساسی آنان از دید اجتماع محلی شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی شود. یافته‌ها نشان داد چهار نیاز پوشش تلفن همراه و اینترنت همراه، کار و اشتغال، تأمین آب شرب باکیفیت و لوله‌کشی آب و ایجاد زیرساخت‌های آموزشی برای تحصیل کودکان مهم‌ترین نیازهای روستاهای شهرستان ملکشاهی از نظر اجتماع محلی است. نتایج نشان داد نیازهای اجتماعات محلی بیشتر از جنس زیرساختی و معطوف به نهادهای دولتی است و اجتماع محلی با سلب مسئولیت از خود و تحمیل آن بر نهادهای دولتی، انتظار دارد این نهادها نسبت به رفع این نیازها اقدام نمایند. ریشه این مسئله را می‌توان در تمرکزگرایی اداری سیاسی در کشور و تضعیف سلسله‌مراتب اجتماعی سنتی و سهم ناچیز دینفعان محلی در مدیریت محلی پیگیری کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Needs Assessment and Prioritization of the Needs of Local Communities with a Rural Participatory Appraisal Approach (Case Study: Malekshahi County, Ilam)

نویسندگان [English]

  • hossein heidari 1
  • ahmad shakiba 2
  • Javad Maddahi 1
  • Saeed Kabiri 3
  • Esmaeil Jahani Dolatabad 4
1 Assistant Profesor, Department of Sociology, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research, Tehran, Iran.
2 Instructor, Department of Economy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Profesor, Department of Sociology, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Profesor, Department of History and Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the main goals of rural development programs is to empower rural communities and solve the problems of these communities through the facilities and capacities of the local community. In this article, an attempt has been made to identify and prioritize the needs of the villages of Malekshahi City from the point of view of the local community. The field of study includes all 27 villages in Malekshahi. Qualitative research methods and participatory needs assessment and techniques are used in focus group meetings. It has been tried to identify and prioritize their basic needs from the point of view of the local community by holding focus group meetings of at least five people and involving different groups and strata of the residents of the villages. The findings showed that the four needs of mobile phone coverage and mobile internet, work and employment, provision of quality drinking water and water piping, and the creation of educational infrastructure for children's education are the most important needs of the villages of Malekshahi city from the point of view of the local community. The results showed that the needs of the local communities are more infrastructural and directed to the government institutions. The root of this issue can be traced to the centralization of the country's political administration, the weakening of the traditional social hierarchy, and the small contribution of local stakeholders in local management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Participatory Needs Assessment
  • Prioritization of Needs
  • Rural Participatory Appraisal
  • Malekshahi County
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