The Global Trend of Research in the Field of Sustainable Rural Development: A Scientometrics Analysis

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz

2 Department of Human Geography and Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

10.22059/jrur.2024.374463.1930

Abstract

Extended Abstract
Introduction
Over the past few decades, addressing the sustainable development of rural areas by emphasising issues such as green economy, reducing poverty, and creating an international framework has received more attention. Sustainable rural development is important in the world for several reasons, including preserving and strengthening natural and environmental potentials, creating employment and reducing social and economic inequalities, developing sustainable agriculture, increasing production and development of local industries, improving living standards and improving conditions, health, and climate, development of local culture and identity and improvement of the level of education and research in villages, as well as the impact of urban and rural links in national and regional development programs around the world. At the same time, the examination of the background of the subject shows that many bibliographic studies focus on rural development, geographical signs and sustainable rural development, rural tourism, sustainable rural livelihood, rural revitalization, sustainable agricultural development, ecosystem services, and programs. Therefore, the purpose of this study, based on bibliometric analysis and the use of VoSviewer software, is the quantitative process of growth and evolution of the research that has been published in the Web of Science database under the title of sustainable rural development from 1970 through 2023.
 
Methodology
To investigate the research process in the field of sustainable rural development during the period from 1970 to 2023 using the Latin term "sustainable rural development" and equivalent terms in the titles, author information, abstracts, keywords, place of publication of the article using operators Boolean was collected in WoS database. To avoid the problem of frequent database updates, all text retrieval and data loading were completed in one day (March 7, 2023). The database is the most authoritative and reliable indexing database in the world and is generally considered one of the most influential and popular databases for bibliometric analysis because it has the most significant number of articles published in indexed journals. At the same time, this database is the oldest indexing service of scientific publications, which by covering more than 12,000 scientific publications, can provide the most important and accurate research results in the field of scientometrics. To include papers published on the subject of the study, a restriction was made regarding the type of publication. By selecting only original articles, publication year from January 1, 1987 to March 7, 2023, and articles written in English, this study only included research articles in English for analysis. Other publications, such as reviews, editorial documents, and various abstracts, have been removed from the data by automatic filters to produce a specific output. As a result, data from 620 original articles published from 1997 to February 2023 were downloaded.
 
Results and discussion
The annual growth trend during the 10 years, from 1989 to 1998, can be called the period of stagnation in publishing articles on sustainable rural development. Also, the 14 years from 2010 to 2023 can be referred to as the period of continuous growth and prosperity of research related to sustainable rural development. The number of received citations also shows a clear upward trend over time. The growth rate of publications has also been positive in the last 14 years. The top countries active in sustainable rural development studies also show that most of the research works in sustainable rural development studies are concentrated in the territory of countries such as the United States of America and China. Areas such as ecology, environmental science, science technology, and business economics have the most published articles. This shows the importance of ecological studies of environmental sciences in sustainable rural development research. In the co-authorship analysis, things like the most co-authored co-authors and the analysis of the most co-authored countries were examined, and in the co-citation analysis, the authors' co-citation analysis was used to reveal the intellectual structure of the knowledge base in sustainable rural development studies and the co-citation analysis. The most powerful references that identify active areas and identify research gaps in the field of research literature were discussed. In addition, by analyzing the strongest co-citation publications, the co-citation network of journals in the field of sustainable rural development was identified and through the frequency of citations, the most influential journals in the field of research literature were identified.
The citation analysis of the most cited organizations in the Publication of research related to sustainable rural development, out of 941 organizations, identified 5 highly cited organizations. The Chinese Academy of Sciences, with 12 articles, received 374 citations and 7 total link power as the most cited organization in the Publication of research related to sustainable rural development. In the citation analysis of sources, there were 290 sources or publications related to the Publication of sustainable rural development research, among which 20 sources were among the most cited publications related to sustainable rural development research. With 102 articles, 47 total link power, and 1451 citations, Sustainability magazine was the best journal in terms of total link power. This journal, with the highest number of links, is the most important in publishing research related to sustainable rural development. The citation analysis of highly cited authors also shows that out of a total of 1898 authors, there are 24 with the highest total linking power. It is interesting to note that most authors cited are from China. Citation analysis of highly cited countries also shows that out of 95 countries producing publications related to sustainable rural development research, 43 countries are highly cited for producing 5 or more articles.
 
Conclusion
The simultaneous analysis of the repeated keywords of the authors shows that the research on sustainable rural development can be categorized into eight clusters as sustainable development, rural development, community development, rural economy, rural tourism, agriculture, and sustainability. The perspective of future studies of sustainable rural development, which can be obtained from the overlapping analysis of the authors' keywords and the average year of publication of these words, shows that things such as rural revitalization, urbanization, sustainable development goals, and entrepreneurship are the most recent keywords, which in recent years have entered into discussions related to sustainable rural development.
 
Funding
There is no funding support.
 
Authors’ Contribution
The first two authors each contributed 45% and the third author contributed 10% to the conceptualization and writing of the paper. All authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work statement of interest to none competitor.
 
Conflict of Interest
The authors declared no conflict of interest.
 
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.
A B S T R A C T
In recent years, issues such as the green economy, reducing poverty and creating an international framework have received more attention. However, no study has been done on the issue of sustainable rural development from the perspective of scientific analysis. The study's main aim is to use the bibliometric method to analyze the literature related to sustainable rural development research in the WoS database from April 1970 to November 2023. Also, it uses VOSviewer software to graphically map the bibliographic coupling of the countries, co-citations, and co-occurrence of the authors' keywords. In total, 19,480 authors, 941 organizations, 290 publications, and 95 countries have contributed to the publication of 620 scientific articles related to sustainable rural development research. According to research findings, among the countries, China, the United States, Spain, Romania, and the United Kingdom are the most productive and leading in publishing articles in this field. The results showed that the ecology of environmental sciences, with 316 articles and 44.8% of the volume of articles, is the most decisive research field. The analysis of sustainable rural development research has been significantly increasing compared to 36 years ago, and the results emphasize the significant growth of sustainable rural development research over time. Simultaneously, the perspective of future studies of sustainable rural development resulting from the overlapping analysis of authors' keywords and the average year of publication shows that things like rural revitalization, urbanization, sustainable development goals, and entrepreneurship are the most recent keywords that are used during in recent years, they have entered into discussions related to sustainable rural development.

Keywords

Main Subjects


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