Assessing the attitude of villagers towards the implementation of community-based rural tourism (Case Study: Gurab Pas, Fuman county, Guilan province)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Member of Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran

2 Graduated Ph.D. in Geography and Rural Planning, University of Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

the expansion and development of tourism in rural areas is one of the current strategies considered by many countries for the development of rural areas. The community-based tourism was introduced in the 1970s, which guarantees a high level of community participation in development and planning with regard to the sustainability of tourism. Community-based tourism in search of economic benefits for the local community, local protection of natural and cultural resources, improve the quality of life and empowering the local community to meet the needs of present and future generations. In this article Gurab Pas District in the Province of Guilan have been selected, according to the prosperity and development of tourism in this area, the effects of tourism on the local community has been measured and Determine the extent to which tourism development and its effects leads to increased local community involvement in tourism activities. The research method is descriptive - analytical and data collection tool was questionnaire and number of questionnaire was determined through Cochran of 314 people. Analysis of the results using Factor analysis shows that among the factors for community-based rural tourism, Economic factors with 19/137 and 16/283 local community and conserving the best and the worst is operating in partnership with 9/786.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Bayat, S; khazaeipool, M. (2017). [Values of perceptions of tourists in Egypt desert villages as community-based tourism (persian)]. Quarterly journal of space economy and rural development; 5(4). 65-81.
Braun, J. (2008). Community-based Tourism in Northern Honduras: Opportunities and Barriers. A thesis presented to the University of Manitoba in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a degree of Honors in Environmental Studies in the Faculty of Environment, Earth and Resources.
Del Chiappa, G., Atzeni, M, Ghasemi, V. (2016) Communitybased collaborative tourism planning in islands: A cluster analysis in the context of Costa Smeralda. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 26 November 2016.
Drakopoulou, A. (2011). Tourism Certification and Community-based Ecotourism as Tools for Promoting Sustainability in the Greek Tourism Sector- the example of Zagori. Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the International Master in Environmental Sciences Degree, Lund University, Sweden.
Goodwin, H., & Santilli, R. (2009). Community Based Tourism: A Success? Retrieved http://www.andamandiscoveries.com/press/press-harold-goodwin.pdf.
Guzman, T L.; Canizares, S S.; Pavon, V. (2011). Community - Based Tourism in Developing Countries: a Case, Study. TOURISMOS: AN International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism. Vol. 6, No. 1, spring 2011, pp. 69-84.
Hall, M. C. (2007). Pro-Poor Tourism: Who Benefits? Cleve don. Channel View Publications.
Kayat, K. Ain Zainuddin, N. F. (2016). Community-Based Tourism Initiative In rural Malaysia: is it A Success? International Review of Management and Marketing, 2016, 6(S7) 242-249.
Kibicho, W. (2008). Community-based tourism: A factor-cluster segmentation approach. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(2), 211-23.
Khaksar Shahmirzadi, E. (2012). Community –Based Tourism (CBT) Planning and Possibilities: The Case of Shahmirzad, Iran. Master of Science In Tourism and Hospitality Management. Eastern Mediterranean University, Gazimağusa, North Cyprus.
Kontogeorgopoulos, N. (2005). Community-based ecotourism in Phuket and Ao Phangnga, Thailand: Partial victories and bittersweet remedies. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 13 (1), 4-23.
López-Guzmán, L; Sánchez-Cañizares, S & Pavón, V (2011). Community - Based Tourism In Developing Countries: A Case Study. TOURISMOS: an International Multidisciplinary Journal of tourism Volume 6, Number 1, Spring 2011, pp. 69-84
Minnesota Extension Service. (1991). A Training Guide for Rural Tourism Development. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.
Mitchell, R. E., and D. G. Reid. (2001). Community integration: Island tourism in Peru. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(1), 113-39.
Murphy, P.E. & Murphy, A.E. (2004). Strategic management for tourism communities: Bridging the gaps. Calved on, Aspects of Tourism Series Channel view Publications.
Murphy, P.E. (1985) Tourism: A Community Approach. London: University Press Cambridge.
Okazaki, E. (2008) A Community-Based Tourism Model: Its Conception and Use. Journal of sustainable tourism. Vol. 16, No. 5, 2008.
Reid, D., Heather, M., and George, W. (2004). Community Tourism Planning, A Self-Assessment Instrument. Annals of Tourism Research 31(3), 623-639.
Rezvani, Mr. (2010). [Rural tourism development (sustainable tourism approach) (Persian)], Publishing Tehran University, Tehran.
Ritchie, B. and Inkari, M. (2006). Host community attitudes toward tourism and cultural tourism development: the case of the Lewes District, Southern England. International Journal of Tourism Research 8(1), 27-44.
Ruiz-Ballesteros, E. (2011). Social-ecological resilience and community-based tourism: An approach from Agua Blanca, Ecuador. Tourism Management, 32, 655-666.
Scheyvens, R. (2002). Tourism for Development: Empowering Communities. Essex: Prentice Hall.
Simmons, D. G. (1994). Community participation in tourism planning. Tourism Management, 15(2), 98-108.
SNV. (2007). A Toolkit for Monitoring and Managing Community-based Tourism. A collaborative publishing and distribution project by: SNV Asia Pro-Poor Sustainable Tourism Network and SNV Vietnam and the University of Hawaii, School of Travel Industry Management.
Stronza, A., & Gordillo, J. (2008). Community views of ecotourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 35(2), 448-468.
Suansri, P. (2003). Community tourism hand book. REST foundation, Canada.
Telfer, D Sharpley, R. (2012). [Planned tourism development in developing countries (Persian)], translated, Zargham Boroujeni, H, nekouei, Z; Abbaspoor, N and shojaei, M, publishing Mahkameh, Tehran.
Tosun, C. and Jenkins, CL. (1998). Regional planning approaches to tourism development: The case of Turkey. Tourism Management 17(7), 519-531.
Van Breugel, L. (2013). Community-based tourism: Local participation and perceived impacts: A comparative study between two communities in Thailand. Master Thesis. As part of the Research Master Social and Cultural Science. Faculty of Social Sciences Radboud University Nijmegen.
Vargas-Sanchez, A., Plaza-Mejia, M., and Porras-Bueno, N. (2009). Understanding Residents‟ attitudes toward the development of industrial tourism in a former mining community. Journal of Travel Research (47) 3, 373-387.
Yang, J. & Ryan, C. & Zhang, L. (2013). Social Conflicts in communities Impacted by Tourism. Journal of Tourism Management, 35, 82-93.
Zargham Boroujeni, H. & Bazrafshan, Sh. (2017). The success of rural community-based tourism development from the perspective of the local community (Case study: Asiab-Sar Village, Behshahr County).(Persian) Journal of Research & Rural Planning, 5(4), 119-136. URL http://dx.doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.v5i4.53821 (Case Study: Asiab-Sar Village, Behshahr County)
Ziaei, M; Amin Bidookhti, AA; Ghorban, F. (2015), [Assessment of the Local Community Capacity for the Sustainable Development of Tourism (Persian)]. Quarterly journal of Tourism Management Studies, 8 (24). 55-88.