Analyzing the Production and Information Diffusion Mechanism of Drought Early Warning System (DEWS) in Kermanshah Township

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD of Agricultural Development, Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, Campus of Agricultural, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

2 Associate professor, Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, Campus of Agricultural, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

3 Associate professor, Department of Agriculture, Campus of Agricultural, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

4 Assisstant professor, Department of Geography, Campus of Geography, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

5 Associate professor, Department of Engineering Management, Campus of Engineering Management, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.

Abstract

Drought is among disasters that caused a large amount of financial burden to Iranian economy. However, drought management strategies have focused on crisis management instead of risk management. Drought risk management strategies take early warning system as a its focal point in order to disseminate information to drought-affected individuals which in turn reduces drought risk. The purpose of this qualitative study is to analyze mechanisms needed to deploy the production and diffusion of drought early warning system information in Kermanshah Township. Using case study as well as documentary approach, a critical case sample of 26 specialist from Meteorological, Agricultural Organization, Regional Water Company, Agricultural and Natural Resource Engineering System, Agricultural Bank, Regional Sound and Vision Broadcasting and Crisis Department and Municipalities participated in the study. The findings revealed that drought early warning system is not unified in a systematic manner and the stakeholders use their own method of disseminating information independently with limited knowledge of local context and poor knowledge of farmers’ needs and reactions. The findings of this study have implications to design drought early warning system in Kermanshah Province as well as farmers’ empowerment in terms of drought risk reduction. 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Babaee, O., Alijani, B. (2013). Spatial Analysis of Long Duration Droughts in Iran, Physical Geography Research Quarterly, 45 (3): 1-12.
Basher, R. (2006). Global early warning systems for natural hazards: systematic and people-centred, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, 364: 2167–2182.
Buurman, J; R. Dahm; A. Goedbloed. (2014). Monitoring and early warning systems for droughrs: Lessons from floods. Water cooperation Initiative Symposium, 17 Octobr 2014, Hanoi, Vietnam, 1-12.
Chang Seng, D. (2010). The Role of risk governance, multi-institutional arrangements and polycentric frameworks for a resilient Tsunami early warning system in Indonesia, PhD dissertation.
Delshad, V., Borhani, F., Khankeh, H., Sabzalizadeh, S., Abaszadeh, A., Moradian, M. J., Rahimzadeh Behzadi, M. J., Malekian, L., and Piri, A. (2015). Early warning system and disaster preparedness in Motahari Hospital, Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, 12(2): 51-58.
Early Warning Conference III (EWC III). (2006). Devrloping early warning systems: A checklist, Third International Conference on Early Warning: From concept to action, 27 – 29 March 2006, Bonn, Germany.
Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR). (2012). Multi-hazard early warning and decision support systems workshop. Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai, China March 21 -23, 2012.
Glantz, M. H. (2003). Usable Science 8: Early Warninig Systems: Do’s and Don’ ts. Report of workshop, The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation, p. 54.
Hettiarachchi, S. S. L., and Weeresinghe, S. (2014). Achieving disaster resilience through the Sri Lankan early warning system: Good Practises of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management, Economics and Finance, 18: 789-794.
International Development Research Centre. (2015). Use and communication of climate information to support uptake of adaptation action in the semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia.
Jamshidi, R. (2016). The continuation of a decade of drought in stone and water country, Hamshahri newspaper, 12.7.2016.
Karami, E. (2009). Drought management and the role of knowledge and information. In Proceedings of the National Conference on Challenges and Strategies of Drought, Shiraz, Iran, 23–24 May 2009; pp.40–65.
Krzhizhanovskaya, V. V; G. S. Shirshov; N. B. Melnikova; R. G. Belleman; F. I. Rusadi; B. J. Broekhuijsen; B. P. Gouldby; J. Lhomme; B. Balis; M. Bubak; A. L. Pyayt; I. I. Mokhov; A. V. Ozhigin; B. Lang; R. J. Meijer. (2011). Flood early warning system: design, implementation and computational modules. Procedia Computer Science, 4:106-115.  
Lamichhane, R. (2011). People’s perception in early warning system: A case study of Bhandara VDC Padariya -7 in Chitwan district, Nepal, Master dissertation.
Mahboubi, M. R. (2009). The Role of Communication Resources in Effectiveness of Agrometeorology Information from Viewpoint of Farmers in Golestan Province, Bimonthly Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 16 (1): 1-17.
Mahboubi, M., Keshiri, H., Poormahmood, M. Gh. (2008). Effectiveness of Meteorology Information from Viewpoint of Farmers in Golestan Province. Bimonthly Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 16(1):1-11.
Merriam, Sh. B. (2002). Qualitative research in practice: Examples for discussion and analysis, Jossey-Bass.
Mogalakwe, M. (2006). The use of documentary research methods in social research, African Sociological Review, 10(1):221-230.
Pulwarty, R; M. V. K. Sivakumar. (2014). Information systems in a changing climate: Early warning and drought risk management. Weather and Climate Extremes, 3:14-21.
Ranjbar, H; Haghdoost, E. A; Salsali, M; Khoshdel, E; Salisani, M. E; Bahrami, N. (2012). Sampling in qualitative research: A Guide for beginning, J Army Univ Med Sci, 10(3):238-250.
Rijks, D; M. W. Baradas. (2000). The clients for agrometeorological information. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 103:27-42.
Rogers, D; Tsirkunov, V. (2011). Implementing hazard early warning systems, Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR).
Shamano, N. (2010). Investigation into the disaster risk reduction (DRR) efforts in Gutu District (Zimbabwe): A focus on drought early warning systems. Master dissertation.
Sharafi, L. (2017). Modlling drought early warning system in Kermanshah Township. Ph. D. dissertation in agricultural development. Razi University.
Sharifzadeh, M., Zamani, Gh. Iman, M., Karami, E. (2012). Cognitive Structure of Climate Information System Actors: Using Causal Mapping Approach, Journal of Applied Sociology, 22(4):153-177.
Shenton, A. K. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Education for Information, 22:63–75.
Thurmond, V. A. (2001). The point of triangulation. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, Third quarter 2001, P.253-258.
Thurow, Th. L; Ch. A. Taylor. (1999). Viewpoint: The role of drought in range management. Journal of Range Management, 52:413-419.
Tokarczyk, T; W. Szalińska; L. Łabędzki; B. Bąk; E. Stonevicius; G. Stankunavicius; E. Mateescu; D. Aleksandru; Gh. Stancalie. (2015). Integrated drought management: Programme in central and Eastern Europe, Global Water Partnership, www.gwpcee.org.
Wilhite, D. A., Sivakumar, M. V. K., and Pulwarty, R. (2014). Managing drought Risk in a Changing Climate: The Role of National Drought Policy, Weather and Climate Extremes, 3: 4-13.
Wilhite, D. A., and Svoboda, M. D. (2000). Drought early warning systems in the context of drought preparedness and mitigation. In: Wilhite, D. A., Svoboda, M. D. and Wood, D. A. Drought Early Warning Systems in the Context of Drought Preparedness and Mitigation, Proceedings of an Expert Group Meeting held in Lisbon, Portugal, 5-7 September 2000. Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization. P.1-21.
Journal of Rural Research
Volume 10, Issue 4
March 2020
Pages 740-753

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 18 March 2019
  • Revise Date: 21 September 2019
  • Accept Date: 05 November 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics