Factors Affecting the Resilience of Rural Tourism Community in Terms of Sustainable Development (Case Study: Tourism Target Villages of Hamadan County)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism, Faculty of Humanities, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran.

2 PhD Student, Department of Tourism, Faculty of Humanities, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran.

Abstract

It is generally assumed that the well-being of rural tourism communities is related to their degree of resilience. However, despite the importance of community resilience and its potential for long-term economic development, the factors affecting the resilience of the tourism community for sustainable development are often overlooked in the planning stages of tourism development projects in many parts of the world. The purpose of this study is to present a model for the resilience of the rural tourism community to the three components of community resilience, including environmental, social, and economic resilience for sustainable tourism development. In this study, through an in-depth study of the literature and open interviews with 15 experts in the field of rural development and tourism familiar with the sustainable development of the tourism industry in Hamadan, information was collected and using a heuristic approach of theme analysis and coding, finally 45 variables, 9 components, and 3 dimensions were extracted. Then in the next stage, the research components were implemented by 15 research experts using a questionnaire and interpretive-structural modeling (ISM) method and using MATLAB software, position, importance, and the effectiveness of the extracted research components were presented at five levels. The results of this study indicate that the component of financial support for sustainable development of tourism has the greatest effect and is the cornerstone of the resilience of the rural tourism community, and the component of health and safety of the tourism community has the most dependence.

Keywords

References

Abbasi, M., Sajjadi, J., Abdollahi, A. (2021). [Explain the process of developing rural tourism centers and measuring sustainability. Case study: Tourism centers of Darram and Chavarzaq villages, Tarom Township, Zanjan province (Persian)]. Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 9(35), 63-89. 
Amir, A. F., Abd Ghapar, A., Jamal, S. A., & Ahmad, K. N. (2015). Sustainable tourism development: A study on community resilience for rural tourism in Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 168, 116-122.
Basouli, M., & Jabbari, G. (2021). [The Relationship between Crisis Management and Community Resilience in Tourism Destination at Corona Crisis Case Study: Hamedan City (Persian)]. Urban tourism, 8(1), 33-48. 
Bazrafshan, J., Toulabi nejad, M., Toulabi Nejad, M. (2018). [Spatial analysis of differences in urban and rural areas in terms resilience against spontaneous phenomena (Case study: city Poldokhtar) (Persian)]. Journal of Rural Research, 9(1), 116-135. 
Becken, S. (2013). Developing a framework for assessing resilience of tourism sub-systems to climatic factors, Annals of Tourism Research, No.43, pp.506–528.
Berkes, F., & Ross, H. (2013). Community resilience: Toward an integrated approach. Society &Natural Resources, 26(1), 5–20.
Bhamra, R., Dani, S., & Burnard, K. (2011). Resilience: the concept, a literature review and future directions. International journal of production research, 49(18), 5375-5393.
Biggs, D. C., Michael, H., & Natalie, S. (2012). the resilience of formal and informal tourism enterprises to disasters: Reef tourism in Phuket, Thailand, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Vol.20, No.5, pp.645–665.
Brown, K. (2016). Resilience, Development and Global Change. Routledge, London. 
Cahyanto, I., & Pennington-Gray, L. (2017). Toward a comprehensive destination crisis resilience framework, the 2017 Annual International Conference of the Travel and Tourism Research Association, Quebec City, Canada, pp.1-10.
Calgaro, E., Lloyd, K., & Dominey-Howes, D. (2014). From vulnerability to transformation: a framework for assessing the vulnerability and resilience of tourism destinations. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 22(3): 341-360.
Corbisiero, F., & Monaco, S. (2021). Post-pandemic tourism resilience: changes in Italians’ travel behavior and the possible responses of tourist cities. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes.‏
Cutter, S. L., Burton, Ch. G., & Emrich, Ch. T. (2010). Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, Vol.7, No.1, pp.1-22.
Dai, S., Xu, H. & Chen, F. (2019). A Hierarchical Measurement Model of Perceived Resilience of Urban Tourism Destination. Social Indicators Research.
Guo, Y., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., & Zheng, C. (2018). Catalyst or Barrier? The Influence of Place Attachment on Perceived Community Resilience in Tourism Destinations. Sustainability, 10 (7), 2347. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072347
Hassan Pour, M., Shahi, T., Arjang Mehr, D. (2020). [Structural Model of Crisis Management for Iran's Tourism Supply Sector; Case Study: COVID – 19 Pandemic (Persian)]. Tourism Management Studies, 15(0), 59-89.
Holladay, P. J., & Powell, R. B. (2013). Resident perceptions of social-ecological resilience and the sustainability of community-based tourism development in the commonwealth of Dominica. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21(8), 1188–1211.
Holladay, P. J., & Powell, R. B. (2016). Social-ecological systems, stakeholders, and sustainability: A qualitative inquiry into community-based tourism in the commonwealth of Dominica. Caribbean Studies, 44 (1/2), 3–28. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44364460.
Jani, D. (2018). Residents' perception of tourism impacts in Kilimanjaro: An integration of the Social Exchange Theory. Turizam: međunarodni znanstveno-stručni časopis, (2)66 148-160.
Jitesh Thakkar., S.G Deshmukh., A.D. Gupta., Rrvi Shankar (2007). Development of a balanced scorecard an integrated approach of Interpretive Structural Modeling and Analytic Network Process (ANP). International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 56(1), 25-59. 
Lew, A. A. (2014). Scale, change and resilience in community tourism planning. Tourism Geographies, 16(1), 14–22.
Lew, A. A., Ng, P. T., Ni, C. C., & Wu, T. C. (2016). Community sustainability and resilience: Similarities, differences and indicators. Tourism Geographies, 18(1), 18–27. 
Magis, K. (2010). Community resilience: An indicator of social sustainability. Society & Natural Resources, 23(5), 401–416.
Pennington-Gray, L. (2018). Reflections to move forward: Where destination crisis management research needs to go, Tourism Management Perspectives Journal, 25, 136–139
Powell, R. B., Green, T. F., Holladay, P. J., Krafte, K. E., Duda, M., Nguyen, M. T., & Das, P. (2018). Examining community resilience to assist in sustainable tourism development planning in Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark, Vietnam. Tourism Planning & Development, 15(4), 436-457.‏
Rahimipour, B., Zaheri, M., Karimzadeh, H. (2021). [Identification and analysis of key drivers affecting the sustainable development of rural tourism with a future research approach. (Case Study: Tourism Destination Villages – Saqez County) (Persian)]. Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 9(35), 90-111.
Ramezanzadeh, M., Badri, S., Asgari, A., Salmani, M., Ghadiri, M. (2013). Rural resilience sample Tourism regions on Multiple Attribute Decision Making (Case Study: Cheshmeh Kileh Branch, Tonekabon County and Sardabrood Branch, Kelardasht County). Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 1(3), 78-97.
Ritchie, B. W., & Campiranon, K. (Eds.). (2014). Tourism crisis and disaster management in the Asia-Pacific (Vol. 1). CABI.‏
Rokanedin Eftekhari, A., & Sadeghloo, T. (2019). [Community Resilience in the Environmental Hazards (Persian)]. Tarbiat Modares University Press.
Ruiz-Ballesteros, E. (2011). Social-ecological resilience and community based tourism: An approach from Agua Blanca, Ecuador. Tourism Management, 32, 655–666.
Sadeghloo, T., Mahmoudi, H., Jafari F. (2018). [Resilience analysis of tourism businesses in rural areas Case: Tourist influence of Mashhad. (Persian)]. Space Economics and Rural Development journal, 6(S1), 1-21.
Shafiei Sabet, N., & Haratifard, S. (2019). [Empowerment of Local Stakeholders for Participation in Sustainable Tourism Development with Mediating Role of Perceived Tourism Effects (Persian)]. Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 8(29), 71-90.
SRC (Stockholm Resilience Center). (2016). Applying resilience thinking: Seven principles for building resilience in socialecological systems. Stockholm: Stockholm Resilience Center.
Strickland-Munro, J. K., Allison, H. E. Moore, S. A. (2010). Using Resilience Concepts to Investigate the Impacts of Protected Area Tourism on Communities, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol.37, No.2, pp.499 -519.
Tavakoli, N., Sharifi, M., Akram, A. (2017). [Appling interpretive structural modeling approach to obtain distribution chain agility model for combine owner's cooperative Fars province (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 48(4), 505-515.
Journal of Rural Research
Volume 12, Issue 4
March 2022
Pages 684-699

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 16 June 2021
  • Revise Date: 13 December 2021
  • Accept Date: 20 December 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics