Analysis of Factors Affecting Competitiveness on Tourism Growth and Development in Rural Destination Areas (Case Study: Dohzar Country in Tonekabon Township)

Document Type : Thesis Article

Authors

1 MSc., Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.

2 Associate professor, Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Humanity & Social Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.

3 Assistant professor, Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Humanity & Social Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.

Abstract

Rural tourism is one of the types of tourism that plays an important role in the development of the rural areas. One of the important issues in rural tourism is the competitiveness of tourism destinations, which has been given much attention to in order to increase the potential of the destinations. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to evaluate the effective factors in the competitiveness of tourism in Dohzar country and provide appropriate solutions for it. The research method is descriptive-analytical and a questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of the study is the residents of Dohezar country who were randomly selected using the Cochran method as a statistical sample by simple sampling of 384 people. SPSS _ PLS software was used to analyze statistical and inferential data. The results show that the coefficient of effectiveness of components such as supporting the growth and development of tourism (3.154), hospitality and tourism reception (3.050), competitive analysis (4.566), development (5.774), location (3,626), and visitor management (4,055) have a greater impact on the growth and development of tourism in Dohezar country and among the variables of competitiveness, only Core resources & Attractors have an impact on the growth and development of tourism. And other variables such as Supporting factors, Destination management, Destination policy, Planning and Development, Amplifying determinants, even with the moderating role of supporting local communities, do not affect the growth and development of tourism.

Keywords


Afrakhteh, H., Jalaliyan, H., Arami, E. (2019). Analyze Factors Influencing Tourism Competitiveness (Case Study: Sarein City). Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning, 14(2), 457-472. (In Persian)
Amoah, F., Amoah, L. N. A., & Campus, N. (2019). Tourist experience, satisfaction and behavioural intentions of rural tourism destinations in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 8(4), 1-12.
Barimani, F., Ramezanzadeh, M., Tabrizi, N., nozarasl, S. (2018). Evaluating Competitiveness of Heath Tourism Destinations based on “Core Resources and Attractions” Factor (Case Study: Spas of Ramsar). Geography and Planning, 22(63), 26-50. (In Persian)
Bălan, D., Balaure, V., & Vegheş, C. (2009). Travel and tourism competitiveness of the world’s top tourism destinations: an exploratory assessment. Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, 11(2), 979-987.
Barros, C. P., Botti, L., Peypoch, N., Robinot, E., & Solonandrasana, B. (2011). Performance of French destinations: Tourism attraction perspectives. Tourism Management, 32(1), 141-146.
Batra, A. (2017). Destination Competitiveness: Amazing Bangkok versus Lion City Singapore
Benedetti, J. (2010). The competitiveness of Brazil as a Dutch holiday destination. Unpublished Master Thesis, Breda University of Applied Science, Breda.
Beshkar, E., & Bazrafshan, J., & Toulabi Nejad, M. (2019). Review the position of supporting local communities in tourism development and its impact on sustainable livelihoods villages in the border Township Chabahar. Journal of Geography and Planning,23(69),41-46. (In Persian)
Chin, C. H., & Lo, M. C. (2017). Tourist's perceptions on man-made elements, natural elements and community support on rural tourism destination competitiveness. International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing, 5(3), 227-247.
Dwyer, L., & Kim, C. (2003). Destination competitiveness: determinants and indicators. Current issues in tourism, 6(5), 369-414.
Dupeyras, A., & MacCallum, N. (2013). Indicators for measuring competitiveness in tourism: A guidance document.‏ OECD Tourism Papers, 2013/02, OECD Publishing. (https://doi.org/10.1787/5k47t9q2t923-en).
Eftekhari, A. R., Mahdavi, D., & Poortaheri, M. (2011). Localization process of sustainable development indicators of rural tourism in Iran. Journal of Rural Research, 1(4), 1-41. (In Persian)
Enright, M. J., & Newton, J. (2004). Tourism destination competitiveness: a quantitative approach. Tourism management, 25(6), 777-788.
Farzin, M. R., & Nadalipour, Z. (2010). Factors Affecting the Competitive Advantage of Tourism Destinations in Iran: Chabahar Region. Quarterly Journal of Tourism Studies, 5(14), 41-66 (In Persian)
Fleischer, A., & Pizam, A. (1997). Rural tourism in Israel. Tourism management, 18(6), 367-372.‏
Gomezelj, D. O., & Mihalič, T. (2008). Destination competitiveness—applying different models, the case of Slovenia. Tourism management, 29(2), 294-307.
Haywood, L. K., Nortje, K., Dafuleya, G., Nethengwe, T., & Sumbana, F. (2020). An assessment for enhancing sustainability in rural tourism products in South Africa. Development Southern Africa, 37(6), 1033-1050.
Hall, D., Mitchell, M., & Roberts, L. (2003). Tourism and the countryside: dynamic relationships. New directions in rural tourism, 3-15.
Jafartash Amiri, B., Puyanzadeh, N. (2015). Assessing and prioritizing the factors affecting the tourism industry competitiveness in Iran. JMDP 2015; 28 (3) :85-106
Kułyk, P., & Brelik, A. (2019). Tourist competitiveness of Polish rural areas.
Lane, B, (1994). What is Rural Tourism? Journal of Sustainable Tourism 2(1 & 2), 7–21.
Lane, B., & Kastenholz, E. (2015). Rural tourism: The evolution of practice and research approaches–towards a new generation concept?. Journal of Sustainable tourism, 23(8-9), 1133-1156.
Law, F. Y., & Lo, M. C. (2016). Rural Tourism Destination Competitiveness Of Kubah National Park In Sarawak: Tourism S'perapective. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 21.
Lim, J., Lo, M. C., Mohamad, A. A., Chin, C. H., & Ramayah, T. (2017). The Modeerating Impact Of Community Support On Tri-Dimensional Impacts Of Tourism (Economic, Socio-Cultural, & Environmental) Towards Rural Tourism Competitive Advantage. Internatinal  Journal  of Business & Society, 18.
Lo, M. C., Chin, C. H., & Law, F. Y. (2019). Tourists’ perspectives on hard and soft services toward rural tourism destination competitiveness: Community support as a moderator. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 19(2), 139-157.
Mtapuri, O., & Giampiccoli, A. (2019). Tourism, community-based tourism and ecotourism: a definitional problematic. South African Geographical Journal, 101(1), 22-35.
Naadalipor, Z. (2013). Investigating Quality of Tourism Destination Management in Terms of Competitive Advantage in Chabahar. Journal of Tourism, 1(1), 57-73. (In Persian)
Pearce, DG. (1989). Social impacts of tourism. Social Cultural and Environmental Impacts of Tourism, NSW Tourism Commission, Sydney. 1–39.
Porter, M. E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Competitive Intelligence Review, 1(1), 14-14.
Ramezanzadeh Lasboyee, M., Rezvani, M. R., & Akbarpour, M. (2015). Analysis of the environmental impacts of second home tourism from the perspective of the host community and visitors (Case Study: villages of Dohear region, Tonekabon township). Human Geography Research, 47(4), 625-643. doi: 10.22059/jhgr.2015.52224
Ritchie, J. B., & Crouch, G. I. (2003). The competitive destination: A sustainable tourism perspective. Cabi.
Ritchie, J. R., & Crouch, G. I. (2010). A model of destinatination competitiveness/sustainability: Brazilian perspectives. Revista de Administração Pública, 44(5), 1049-1066.
Rezazadeh, A. & Davari, A. (2014). Structural equation modeling with PLS software. University Jihad Publishing Organization. (In Persian)