تحلیل عوامل تاثیرگذار بر الگوی توسعه پایدار بوم‌گردی با رویکرد کارآفرینی روستایی در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد

Introduction:

A transformation method that has attracted the attention of entrepreneurs in local economies is the rural ecotourism industry, which requires determining the factors affecting the appropriate model for its sustainable development. The issue that is tried to be addressed in this work.

Methodology

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical-exploratory in terms of method. Data collection was carried out using documentary and field methods. The statistical population was all local managers and experts in entrepreneurship/ecotourism in Kohgiluyeh-Boyrahmad province in 2024, from which 100 samples were selected using stratified sampling. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. In addition, it was used from structural equations with the partial least squares method to analyze the data and explain the structural model of rural entrepreneurship ecotourism development.

Results

Structural equations showed that content, behavioral and structural factors (p<0.05), and contextual factors (p<0.01) have a significant effect on the development of entrepreneurial-oriented ecotourism. The path coefficients indicated that the most effective factors in the development of entrepreneurial ecotourism include contextual factors (t=2.85), content and behavioral factors (t=2.56), and structural factors (t=2.01). In addition, villages can act as an effective strategy for the development of their economic (t=2.26), institutional and legal (t=2.22), socio-cultural (t=2.25), infrastructure-service (t=2.04), and bio-natural resources (t=4.24), and by combining ecotourism (focusing on natural, cultural, and historical attractions) and entrepreneurship (creating innovative businesses and sustainability), can contribute to sustainable local development and positive interaction between local communities and tourists.

Discussion

The current research aims to analyze the factors affecting the sustainable development model of ecotourism with a rural entrepreneurship approach in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. The results showed that environmental, behavioral, and structural factors have a significant effect on the development of ecotourism at the 95% confidence level and contextual factors at the 99% confidence level. According to the coefficients of the path, it can be said that the influence of contextual factors in the first order, environmental and behavioral factors in the second order, and structural factors in the third order affect the development of entrepreneurship-oriented ecotourism. The existence of many plant species including medicinal, edible, industrial, etc. the existence of local knowledge of the elderly and the transfer of this valuable treasure to the next generations, in addition, to the climatic comfort indicators suitable for the weather and climate of the villages of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces for more than 7 months of the year, as well as the development of infrastructure The entrepreneurial ecotourism market provides the right conditions for the development of entrepreneurial ecotourism. In addition, the findings of the research showed that among the environmental and behavioral factors, the presence of intra-organizational and stakeholder communication and coordination, the existence of a creative and innovative atmosphere, and the culture of entrepreneurship-oriented ecotourism in rural areas, and networking between entrepreneurs, eco-tourists, and residents of rural areas have the greatest impact on development. They have had entrepreneurial ecotourism. Other research has also shown that Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces are at an average level in terms of educational development indicators in urban and rural areas, and the proximity to the province's center shows a superior rank, which leads to sustainable human development. Also, the findings of the research showed that among the structural factors, the degree of improvement of the macro-economic and social environment, the degree of improvement of institutional factors (government, public sector, and market), and networking and institutional and strategic, financial and communication links had the greatest impact on the development of entrepreneurship-oriented ecotourism.

Summary

Ecotourism development planning, which is one of the most complex components and source of global laws, is basically one of the most important programs for economic, occupational, social development and increasing the general well-being of people in any country that requires the formation of a local structure in activities related to ecotourism, which in The world is known as ecotourism based on entrepreneurship; In general, considering the research results and the importance of paying attention to the values, norms and features of the socio-economic and political system of any society in order to design planning patterns of rural development towards social and economic stability and the process of sustainable development, paying attention to structural factors in the process carrying out planning helps in sustainable development, and considering the keypoint of the ecotourism development role in society, it requires entrepreneurship in order to continue the growth and dynamism of such businesses; Therefore, the strategy of developing entrepreneurial culture is mentioned as an element of growth and development from different economic, cultural, social and political dimensions. As a result, the villages of the province can act as an effective strategy for economic development, creating employment and preserving their culture and natural resources by developing ecotourism based on entrepreneurship by combining ecotourism and entrepreneurship, which can contribute to sustainable development. One of the innovative aspects of the present study is the determination of contextual, content, behavioral, and structural causal factors. The suggested solutions for implementing the model include: promoting ecotourism and appropriate marketing through financial and economic support, developing local partnerships and improving the regional economy, creating communication networks between rural entrepreneurs, and paying attention to environmental compatibility.