بازتاب‌های فضایی تحولات کاربری اراضی در سکونتگاه‌های روستایی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان شوش)

Extended abstract

Evaluation and investigation of spatial reflections of land use developments in rural settlements



Introduction

The fact is that land use and related developments are the result of a complex interactive network between internal forces and factors (natural-ecological and socio-economic environment) and a set of external factors. which can be traced in a continuous chain, the prerequisite for understanding these developments is to know the factors and fundamental forces shaping these changes. These changes forced the planners to carefully consider the changes in the spatial system of land use in the process of planning and land preparation. In the meantime, some researchers have focused on the understanding of land use changes independently and based on the study of the development process of changes, and a number of others have sought to understand the impact of demographic or environmental issues on the process of land use changes. Land use change is one of the challenges of rural settlements, which has been the focus of rural research in recent years. In this process, the turning of the rural economy and the beginning of consumerism has become the source of emerging developments in rural settlements.

Materials and Methods

The current research aims to investigate and analyze the evaluation of land use changes (1990-2023), settlement and spatial reflections in rural settlements. This survey was carried out in Shush city (Shush is one of the cities of Khuzestan province, which covers an area of nearly 3577 square kilometers of the province. This city is between 31 degrees and 41 minutes to 32 degrees and 31 minutes of north latitude and 47 degrees and 49 minutes to 48 degrees and 42 minutes east longitude) was done and 7 villages of this city were evaluated. The research method is descriptive-analytical and Google Earth Engine system was used to prepare and analyze the data. The first stage: extraction of the land use map of the seven villages of Sarkha, Ben Moali, Chenane, Seyed Abbas, Ahodasht, Shavor and Hossein Abad in the years 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2023 using Landsat 5, 7 and Landsat 8 images. is. Second step: Since the Landsat 7 images have suffered from technical problems since 2003, the GapFill_Landsat tool has been used to correct these images. Also, Landsat 8 level 2 images, which have acceptable atmospheric, radiometric and geometric corrections, have been used. Sampling educational points by two methods and evaluating and preparing a map of land use changes using the random forest algorithm was the second stage of the research.

Discussion and Results

In the investigation of the vegetation cover index, the highest amount of vegetation cover is in the east, south and center of the study area. Also, the lowest amount of vegetation is in the west of the region. Also, the highest amount of dense vegetation is in Bin Moali, Hossein Abad, Shavor and Ahodasht villages and the lowest is in Seyed Abbas village. Land use changes in villages can be an accessible sign to inform about increasing pressure on natural resources. In this study, the land use of seven districts was investigated and evaluated, and the general results showed that most of the region has undergone many changes. According to the survey and evaluation of the area along the river in Shush city and Haft Dehistan, it has caused the encroachment and occupation of the riverbed and privacy in the time series. Also, most of the surface of the region in most of the villages has been destroyed and turned into agricultural land or residential land.

The results also show that the expansion of construction land is a key factor for the development of secondary industry, as well as a potential factor for regional greenhouse gas emissions. Examining the results of this issue, it became clear that the greenness of the vegetation has decreased from 1990 to 2023. In Chenaneh, Sorkheh and Seyed Abbas dehistans, it shows that most of this area has undergone many changes in the studied time series from the conversion of pastures to agricultural lands.. The highest amount of soil erosion is in Hossein Abad, Bin Moali, Chenane and Seyed Abbas villages. However, in the study of land use changes in these areas, it shows that in the areas where Chananeh and Seyed Abbas have undergone land use changes, soil erosion has also increased a lot. Also, in the areas that have the least soil erosion in the region, there have been the least land use changes. The electrical conductivity of Shush city aquifer shows that, around Dez river and around Shush city, the amount of EC is lower than other areas of the plain. While in the northern and southern parts of the center of the plain, there is an abnormality in the chemical quality of the underground water, which is not significant with other areas of the plain.

Conclusion

Housing selection, activity and employment, communicating with others, communal life, education and rest and relaxation in response to basic human needs create the context for this change in land use. Therefore, land use change is an important example of human impact on the environment. Evidence suggests that low-quality agricultural land is more likely to move into and out of intensive agricultural uses, and is also more environmentally sensitive based on some indicators of erosion, nutrient losses to water, and proximity to endangered species. This suggests that policies that increase cropping incentives and thereby stimulate production on economically marginal land will have smaller production effects and greater environmental impacts than if these characteristics of affected land were not taken into account. In contrast, environmental benefits can be achieved at lower cost through targeted conservation programs, as owners of low-quality, environmentally sensitive land need to pay less to remove land from production than owners of higher-quality land.



Keywords: spatial evolution, random forest algorithm, remote sensing, Shush city