نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 همدان، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، دانشکده هنر و معماری، گروه باستان شناسی
2 عضو هیات علمی گروه باستانشناسی دانشگاه گناباد، خراسان رضوی، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Recognition of the outstanding and unique values of rural architecture in the geographical area of Zagros and consequently Hamedan province is a wide and complex matter. The diversity of rural settlements in this geographical area and the connection that has been established over the years between the body of the village and the culture of its inhabitants with the geographical features of the area. In the formation of rural housing, two natural and human geographical factors play a key role. The diversity of rural settlements in this geographical area and the connection that has been established over the years between the body of the village and the culture of its inhabitants with the geographical features of the area. In the formation of rural housing, two natural and human geographical factors play a key role. Geographical factor means the relationship between man and nature, which itself is divided into two environmental and natural factors, the environmental factor is related to the climatic characteristics of the region and the natural factor refers to the characteristics of housing in the plains, mountains, foothills and coastal And the human factor plays a role in human-human relations in the environment in the form of cultural, social and economic characteristics. Understanding the influential factors and the need of villagers for the type of housing needed, as well as understanding the concepts and principles governing the formation of rural housing is one of the most important goals of research on villages. Recognition of the outstanding and unique values of rural architecture in the geographical area of Zagros and consequently Hamedan province is a wide and complex matter. The diversity of rural settlements in this geographical area and the connection that has been established over the years between the body of the village and the culture of its inhabitants with the geographical features of the area. On the other hand, the location of a large number of small and large settlements in the mid-mountain valleys of the Alvand mountain range has led to the interaction between nature and man in this area and witness the formation of a special pattern and style of stone architecture in mountainous areas. The villages of Varkaneh, Arzanfood, Aliabad, etc. are well visible. The studied villages are located in the cheap mountain valley of Arzanfood, which is considered as one of the mountain valleys of Alvand Mountain (as Alvand is the eastern mountain). This region is known as the largest and longest valley in the Alvand Mountains, which is about 20 km long. Most of the villages in this region in terms of cultural heritage, tourism and handicrafts of Hamadan province due to the value of rural architecture, cultural and natural features are included in the list of villages targeted for tourism. All the mentioned factors caused the researchers to focus their efforts on introducing, recognizing and re-reading the most important features of the rural architecture of this region. The most important questions in this study are; what are the common similarities and architectural features of the villages studied in Valley of Arzanfood? What are the most important components and architectural elements of rural houses in the study area? What is the function of houses and residential houses in the rural architecture of the region? The approach of the present research is descriptive-analytical and its data collection method is based on field activities (including; Survey and visit, documenting and preparing plans, maps, photos, etc.) and library (including; use of books, reports and articles). Etc.). The results indicate that topography, geography and environmental conditions have played a dominant role in shaping the architecture of rural houses in this area, so that the villages are in mountainous areas and located in the direction of maximum sunlight. There is no order in the plan of the villages of the study area and the public utility buildings in the texture of the villages have led to the formation of other parts of the body such as alleys and barrens. These villages have a dense inner texture with narrow, winding passages. For residential houses, houses and openings are on the south side and in the direction of maximum sunlight. The main materials of the walls are carcasses and river rubble. The use of this type of stone materials has caused harmony and homogeneity in the rural appearance and the walls of residential houses in the villages of this region. And to cover the roofs of residential houses, the houses and houses of the villages of this region have mainly used the arching method and in some cases, arches.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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