تحلیل علّی عوامل مؤثر بر رکود دامداری سنتی در جوامع محلی (مورد مطالعه: مراتع قشلاقی ندوشن یزد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 محقق پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان یزد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مرتع‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ساری، ساری، ایران.

3 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان یزد، یزد، ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه مرتع‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ساری، ساری، ایران.

چکیده

ارزش اقتصادی و اجتماعی مراتع از جنبه‌های مختلف و مدیریت مراتع در روستاها یکی از عوامل تداوم و بقای حرفه دامداری سنتی است. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اقتصادی، اجتماعی، مدیریتی و زیست‌محیطی مؤثر بر فعالیت‌های دامداران در جوامع روستایی ندوشن شهرستان اشکذر استان یزد اﻧﺠﺎم شده است. اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ و با ابزار پرسشنامه اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، دامداران روستاهای واقع در سامان‌های عرفی مراتع ندوشن ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. نتایج نشان داد که گویه مهاجرت روستاییان به شهر و خروج نیروی کار از روستا به‌عنوان اولین عامل تأثیرگذار با میانگین (87/7) و گویه گرایش نیروی کار جوان به مشاغل غیرکشاورزی به‌عنوان دومین عامل تأثیرگذار با میانگین (39/6)، در عامل اقتصادی نیز گویه بهره‌وری کمتر دامداری سنتی در مقایسه با سایر فعالیت‌های اقتصادی به‌ویژه در بخش‌های غیر کشاورزی به‌عنوان اولین عامل تأثیرگذار با میانگین (48/9) و گویه بالا بودن دستمزد چوپان و اجاره بهای مرتع به‌عنوان دومین عامل تأثیرگذار با میانگین (35/9) بود. در عامل مدیریتی گویه کمبود علوفه ناشی از چرای بیش از ظرفیت چرا  به‌عنوان اولین عامل تأثیرگذار با میانگین (02/9) و گویه بی‌توجهی به بیمه روستائیان به‌عنوان دومین عامل تأثیرگذار با میانگین (43/8) و در عامل زیست‌محیطی گویه خشکسالی و کمبود علوفه به‌عنوان اولین عامل تأثیرگذار با میانگین (19/5) و گویه کمبود علوفه ناشی از تغییرات اقلیمی (سرمازدگی، گرمازدگی، آفات و امراض) به‌عنوان دومین عامل تأثیرگذار با میانگین (92/3) بود.

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