طراحی پارادایم معیشت پایدار روستایی با تأکید بر جغرافیای انسانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اقتصاد، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران.

چکیده

این تحقیق با هدف طراحی الگوی معیشت پایدار با رویکرد روستا تعاون با استفاده از روش گرندد تئوری انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر از نوع تحقیقات کیفی است. نمونه موردمطالعه شامل 32 نفر از متخصصان، مدیران و صاحب‌نظران حوزه تعاون کل کشور بودند، که به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب شدند، است. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از مشاهدات میدانی و مصاحبه‌های عمیق و در نهایت با تشکیل گروه‌های متمرکز (Focus Group) بهره گرفته شده است. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از داده‌های تحقیق در فرآیند کدگذاری (باز، محوری و انتخابی) در قالب مفاهیم، زیر مقوله و مقوله با استفاده از نرم‌افزار MAXqda18 استخراج و طبقه‌بندی گردید. مدل پارادایمی شامل شرایط (علی، زمینه‌ای و مداخله‌گر)، راهبرد و پیامد است. یافته‌های تحقیق گویای آن است که آسیب‌پذیری اقلیمی، آسیب‌پذیری اجتماعی و آسیب‌پذیری اقتصادی به‌عنوان شرایط علی؛ روندها، حمایت‌های دولتی و تقویت زیرساخت‌ها به‌عنوان شرایط زمینه‌ای و تأمین مالی، توسعه بازار، کنترل بازار و حمایت‌های دولتی به‌عنوان شرایط مداخله‌گر مؤثر بر ایجاد معیشت پایدار با رویکرد روستا تعاون هستند. نتایج نشان‌دهنده آن است که راهبردهای مقابله و راهبردهای سازش به‌عنوان راهبردهای دستیابی به معیشت پایدار دارای پیامدهایی چون تعاونی سازی، توسعه پایدار، بهره‌وری، اشتغال، تقویت سرمایه اجتماعی و کشاورزی هوشمند هستند. در تقویت سرمایه اجتماعی، انسان نقش محوری داشته و در تقابل با بحران‌های اقلیمی با انسجام افراد روستایی از طریق تعاونی سازی مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a Sustainable Rural Livelihood Paradigm with Emphasis on the Human Geography

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alborz Mohammadi 1
  • Maryam Omidi Naajafabadi 2
  • Alireza Poursaeed 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This research has been done with the aim of designing a sustainable livelihood model with the cooperative village approach using the grounded theory method. The present study is a qualitative research. The study sample includes 30 experts, managers and experts in the field of cooperation throughout the country who were purposefully selected. Field observations and in-depth interviews in the form of focus groups were used to collect data. The results were extracted from the research data in the coding process (open, axial and selective) in the form of concepts, subcategories and categories using MAXqda12 software. The paradigm model includes conditions (causal, contextual, and intervening), strategy, and outcome. Research findings indicate that climate vulnerability, social vulnerability and economic vulnerability were identified as causal conditions; trends, government support and infrastructure strengthening were identified as background conditions; and financing, market development, market control, and government support as intervening conditions affecting the creation of sustainable livelihoods with the rural cooperative approach. The results show that coping strategies and compromise strategies as strategies for achieving sustainable livelihoods have consequences such as cooperatives, sustainable development, productivity, employment, strengthening social capital and smart agriculture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainable livelihood
  • Village-cooperation
  • human geography
  • Livelihood capital
  • Sustainable livelihood framework
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