تبیین نگرش زیست‏‌محیطی زنان روستایی در حوزه جنگل‏‌های زاگرس استان لرستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از طرح پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعیی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف کلی تبیین نگرش زیست‌‏محیطی زنان روستایی در حوزه جنگل‌‏های زاگرس انجام شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل تمامی زنان روستایی بالای 15سال حاشیه‌‏‏نشین جنگل‏‌های زاگرس در استان لرستان بودند که معیشت آن‏‌ها به‌‏طور مستقیم و غیرمستقیم وابسته به جنگل‏‌های زاگرس بود (231000= N). حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان 415 نفر تعیین شد. روش نمونه‏‌گیری، خوشه‏‌ای چندمرحله‏‌ای با انتساب متناسب (بر اساس مساحت جنگل در هر شهرستان) بود. ابزار اصلی پژوهش پرسش‌نامه‌‏ای بود که روایی آن توسط پانل متخصصان و پایایی آن توسط ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (698/0 تا 880/0) تأیید و تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌‏ها توسط نرم‌‏افزار SPSS انجام شد. نتایج تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد که سطح تحصیلات، میزان وابستگی به جنگل، هنجارهای اجتماعی، احساس تعلق، مسئولیت‌‏پذیری اجتماعی، مشارکت اجتماعی، محیط‏‌زیست‏‌گرایی اجتماعی، خودکارآمدی و دانش و اطلاعات محیط‏‌زیستی با نگرش زنان روستایی نسبت به حفاظت از جنگل رابطه مثبت و معنی‏‌داری دارد. علاوه بر این، نتایج رگرسیون نشان داد که چهار عامل خودکارآمدی، مسئولیت‌‏پذیری اجتماعی، محیط‌‏زیست‌‏گرایی اجتماعی و میزان وابستگی به جنگل اثر مثبت و معنی‌‏داری بر نگرش زنان روستایی دارند و این عامل‌‏ها قادر هستند 3/60 درصد از واریانس متغیر وابسته تحقیق را تبیین نمایند. با توجه به اهمیت بالای متغیر خودکارآمدی در تبیین نگرش حفاظتی زنان روستایی نیاز است با آموزش صحیح روش‌‏های حفاظت از جنگل در میان زنان روستایی، مهارت‏‌های حرفه‌‏ای آنان تقویت شود. همچنین می‏توان با تصویر کشیدن آثار تخریب جنگل در بلندمدت بر معیشت خانوارهای روستایی و محیط‌زیست به تقویت نگرش آنان در راستای انجام رفتارهای دوستدارانه در محیط‌‌زیست اثر گذاشت.  

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