تبیین نگرش زیست‏‌محیطی زنان روستایی در حوزه جنگل‏‌های زاگرس استان لرستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از طرح پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعیی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف کلی تبیین نگرش زیست‌‏محیطی زنان روستایی در حوزه جنگل‌‏های زاگرس انجام شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل تمامی زنان روستایی بالای 15سال حاشیه‌‏‏نشین جنگل‏‌های زاگرس در استان لرستان بودند که معیشت آن‏‌ها به‌‏طور مستقیم و غیرمستقیم وابسته به جنگل‏‌های زاگرس بود (231000= N). حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان 415 نفر تعیین شد. روش نمونه‏‌گیری، خوشه‏‌ای چندمرحله‏‌ای با انتساب متناسب (بر اساس مساحت جنگل در هر شهرستان) بود. ابزار اصلی پژوهش پرسش‌نامه‌‏ای بود که روایی آن توسط پانل متخصصان و پایایی آن توسط ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (698/0 تا 880/0) تأیید و تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌‏ها توسط نرم‌‏افزار SPSS انجام شد. نتایج تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد که سطح تحصیلات، میزان وابستگی به جنگل، هنجارهای اجتماعی، احساس تعلق، مسئولیت‌‏پذیری اجتماعی، مشارکت اجتماعی، محیط‏‌زیست‏‌گرایی اجتماعی، خودکارآمدی و دانش و اطلاعات محیط‏‌زیستی با نگرش زنان روستایی نسبت به حفاظت از جنگل رابطه مثبت و معنی‏‌داری دارد. علاوه بر این، نتایج رگرسیون نشان داد که چهار عامل خودکارآمدی، مسئولیت‌‏پذیری اجتماعی، محیط‌‏زیست‌‏گرایی اجتماعی و میزان وابستگی به جنگل اثر مثبت و معنی‌‏داری بر نگرش زنان روستایی دارند و این عامل‌‏ها قادر هستند 3/60 درصد از واریانس متغیر وابسته تحقیق را تبیین نمایند. با توجه به اهمیت بالای متغیر خودکارآمدی در تبیین نگرش حفاظتی زنان روستایی نیاز است با آموزش صحیح روش‌‏های حفاظت از جنگل در میان زنان روستایی، مهارت‏‌های حرفه‌‏ای آنان تقویت شود. همچنین می‏توان با تصویر کشیدن آثار تخریب جنگل در بلندمدت بر معیشت خانوارهای روستایی و محیط‌زیست به تقویت نگرش آنان در راستای انجام رفتارهای دوستدارانه در محیط‌‌زیست اثر گذاشت.  

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Explaining the Environmental Attitude of Rural Women in Zagros Forests of Lorestan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moslem Savari 1
  • Fatmeh Naghibsyrsnvand 2
  • Zeinab Asadi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
2 MSc., Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This research was conducted to explain the environmental attitudes of rural women in Zagros forests. The statistical population of this research included all rural women over 15 years old living in the margins of Zagros forests in Lorestan province, whose livelihood was, directly and indirectly, dependent on Zagros forests (N = 231000). Sample size was determined using Kerjci and Morgan table. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling with proportional assignment (based on forest area in each city). The main research instrument was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.698-0.880). Data analysis was performed by SPSS software. The results of correlation analysis showed that education, forest dependence, social norms, sense of belonging, social responsibility, social participation, social environmentalism, self-efficacy and environmental knowledge and information have a positive and significant relationship with rural women's attitudes toward forest protection. In addition, the regression results showed that among all the known factors, four factors of self-efficacy, social responsibility, social environmentalism and forest dependence were the most influential factors on the attitude of rural women so that these four factors are able to explain 60.3% of the total variance of the factors. In general, it can be said that due to the high importance of the self-efficacy variable in explaining the protective attitude of rural women, it is necessary to strengthen their professional skills by properly teaching forest protection methods among rural women. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Natural Resources
  • Forests
  • Rural Women
  • Environmentalism
  • Environmental Protection
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