تبیین رفتار سازگاری کشاورزان با تغییرات آب‌و‌هوایی: تحلیل جنسیتی با استفاده از مدل توسعه‌یافته انگیزش حفاظت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

درک فرایندهای ادراکی و شناختی دو گروه کشاورزان زن و مرد برای تشویق سازگاری با تغییرات آب‌و‌هوایی بسیار مهم است. در این مطالعه، به‌منظور بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر رفتار سازگاری کشاورزان زن و مرد شهرستان باغملک واقع در استان خوزستان، از مدل توسعه‌یافته انگیزش حفاظت استفاده گردید. جامعه آماری این پژوهش کشاورزان دو گروه زن و مرد بودند. تعداد اعضای نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان 200 کشاورز مرد و 150 کشاورز زن انتخاب شد. برای انتخاب کشاورزان از نمونه‌گیری چند مرحله‌ای طبقه‌ای خوشه‌ای تصادفی استفاده گردید. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، پرسش‌نامه‌ای بود که روایی صوری آن توسط چهار تن از اعضای هیئت‌علمی گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی تأیید گردید. افزون بر این، برای تعیین میزان پایایی، از پیش‌آزمون و محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد. نتایج تجزیه‌وتحلیل معادلات ساختاری نشان داد، متغیرهای دانش ادراک‌شده، هزینه پاسخ و هنجار توصیفی متغیرهای مؤثر بر نیت کشاورزان مرد به‌صورت مثبت و مستقیم و رفتار به‌صورت مثبت و غیرمستقیم هستند و این متغیرها درنهایت توانستند به ترتیب 67 و 45 درصد از تغییرات متغیرهای نیت و رفتار کشاورزان مرد را پیش‌بینی کنند. متغیرهای شدت درک‌شده، هزینه پاسخ، اعتقاد به تغییرات آب‌و‌هوایی و عادت متغیرهای مؤثر بر نیت کشاورزان زن به‌صورت مثبت و مستقیم و رفتار به‌صورت مثبت و غیرمستقیم هستند و این متغیرها درمجموع توانستند به ترتیب 70 و 25 درصد از تغییرات متغیرهای نیت و رفتار کشاورزان زن را پیش‌بینی کنند. اطلاعات به‌دست‌آمده می‌تواند به‌عنوان پایه‌ای در تدوین مداخلات مناسب برای سازگاری با تغییرات آب‌و‌هوایی در بخش کشاورزی مورداستفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Explanation of the Farmers' Adaptation to Climate Change Behavior: Gender Analysis Using an Extended Model of Protection Motivation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ameneh Savari Mombeni 1
  • Masoud Yazdanpanah 2
  • Moslem Savari 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development, Khuzestan Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development, Khuzestan Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development, Khuzestan Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to identify the perceptual and cognitive processes, considering both groups of men and women farmers is important to encourage the adaptation to climate change. In this study, to investigate the factors affecting the adaptive behavior of men and women farmers in Baghmalek county, located in Khuzestan province, a developed model of conservation motivation was used. The research population consisted of two groups of men and women farmers. The number of sample members was selected using Krejcie and Morgan table of 200 men and 150 women farmers. Random stratified cluster multistage sampling was used to select farmers. The data collection tool was a questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed by the faculty members of the Department of Agricultural Extension and Education. In addition, to determine the degree of reliability, pre-test and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used. The results of the structural equation model analysis showed that the variables of perceived knowledge, response cost and descriptive norm are variables affecting the intentions of men farmers in a positive and direct way and behavior in a positive and indirect way and these variables were finally able to predict 67 and 45% of the changes in the variables of intention and behavior of men farmers, respectively. Perceived severity variables of intensity, response cost, belief in climate change and habit are variables affecting the intentions of women farmers in a positive and direct way and behavior in a positive and indirect way. And these variables were able to predict 70 and 25% the changes in the variables of women farmers' intentions and behavior.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adaptation Behavior
  • Gender
  • Protection motivation model
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