تبیین رفتار سازگاری کشاورزان با تغییرات آب‌و‌هوایی: تحلیل جنسیتی با استفاده از مدل توسعه‌یافته انگیزش حفاظت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

درک فرایندهای ادراکی و شناختی دو گروه کشاورزان زن و مرد برای تشویق سازگاری با تغییرات آب‌و‌هوایی بسیار مهم است. در این مطالعه، به‌منظور بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر رفتار سازگاری کشاورزان زن و مرد شهرستان باغملک واقع در استان خوزستان، از مدل توسعه‌یافته انگیزش حفاظت استفاده گردید. جامعه آماری این پژوهش کشاورزان دو گروه زن و مرد بودند. تعداد اعضای نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان 200 کشاورز مرد و 150 کشاورز زن انتخاب شد. برای انتخاب کشاورزان از نمونه‌گیری چند مرحله‌ای طبقه‌ای خوشه‌ای تصادفی استفاده گردید. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، پرسش‌نامه‌ای بود که روایی صوری آن توسط چهار تن از اعضای هیئت‌علمی گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی تأیید گردید. افزون بر این، برای تعیین میزان پایایی، از پیش‌آزمون و محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد. نتایج تجزیه‌وتحلیل معادلات ساختاری نشان داد، متغیرهای دانش ادراک‌شده، هزینه پاسخ و هنجار توصیفی متغیرهای مؤثر بر نیت کشاورزان مرد به‌صورت مثبت و مستقیم و رفتار به‌صورت مثبت و غیرمستقیم هستند و این متغیرها درنهایت توانستند به ترتیب 67 و 45 درصد از تغییرات متغیرهای نیت و رفتار کشاورزان مرد را پیش‌بینی کنند. متغیرهای شدت درک‌شده، هزینه پاسخ، اعتقاد به تغییرات آب‌و‌هوایی و عادت متغیرهای مؤثر بر نیت کشاورزان زن به‌صورت مثبت و مستقیم و رفتار به‌صورت مثبت و غیرمستقیم هستند و این متغیرها درمجموع توانستند به ترتیب 70 و 25 درصد از تغییرات متغیرهای نیت و رفتار کشاورزان زن را پیش‌بینی کنند. اطلاعات به‌دست‌آمده می‌تواند به‌عنوان پایه‌ای در تدوین مداخلات مناسب برای سازگاری با تغییرات آب‌و‌هوایی در بخش کشاورزی مورداستفاده قرار گیرد.

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