تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اصلی در بازگشت مهاجران شهری به خاستگاه‌های روستایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مهاجرت برگشتی فرایندی است که افراد بعد از تجربه مهاجرت از روستا به شهر و اقامت در مقصد به موطن اصلی خود بازمی‌گردند. تحقیق حاضر با هدف تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اصلی در بازگشت مهاجران شهری به خاستگاه‌های روستایی انجام یافته است. این بررسی از نوع تحقیقات کاربردی و روش بررسی آن توصیفی - تحلیلی و شالوده مطالعات آن بر پیمایش و نیز ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها‌‌ی پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته است. قلمرو مکانی بررسی حاضر روستاهای شهرستان اهر و جامعه آماری مهاجران برگشتی به روستاهای شهرستان اهر است. روش نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت شبکه‌ای و گلوله برفی و پر کردن پرسشنامه‌ها به‌صورت هدفمند در بین مهاجران انجام گرفته است. روایی پرسشنامه از نوع صوری و پایایی آن با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ بیشتر از 7/0 به دست آمده است. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی (شاخص‌های پراکندگی) و تحلیل عاملی از نوع تحلیل مؤلفه‌ای صورت پذیرفته است. نتایج تحلیل عاملی نشان داد عوامل مختلفی در برگشت مهاجران نقش داشته است که از بین آن‌ها عامل‌های مشارکت اجتماعی و انگیزه اقتصادی به ترتیب با مقدار ویژه 31/4 و 77/3 بیشترین تأثیر را در بین عامل‌های بارگذاری‌شده به خود اختصاص داده‌اند و عامل عمرانی و زیر بنایی کمترین تأثیر را داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Main Components in the Return of Urban Immigrants to Rural Origins

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Ghasemi Ardahaee 1
  • Hamideh Savabi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
2 MSc, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Return migration is a process in which individuals experience migration and then return to their own country. The aim of this study is to investigate return migration to the rural areas. It is a functional study and its method is analysis and description. Its framework is a survey . The questionnaire is used for gathering data. The study is constructed at Ahar in the northeest of East Azarbaijan. Its statistical sample is return migration to the rural areas. Sampling is done using net and snowball methods. Its reliability and validity is more than %7Cronbach's alpha. Analysis of data is done by statistical description and analysis of main factors. Results show that there are different factors affecting return migration. Social cooperation, economic factor and development motivation are the most effective factors with 4.31, 3.77 special rates. Basic and structural factors had the least effect.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Return migration
  • Rural
  • Social participation
  • Economic motivation
  • Infrastructure facilities
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