ارزیابی تغییرات اراضی و تأثیر آن بر بهره‌وری از زمین با استفاده از سنجش‌ازدور و GIS (موردمطالعه: منطقه تاج امیر - شهرستان دلفان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

3 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه سنجش‌ازدور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

بخش کشاورزی از ارکان اصلی اقتصاد محسوب می‌شود که پیشرفت آن پیشرفت کل اقتصاد را در پی خواهد داشت. ولی عواملی همچون خرد شدن اراضی کشاورزی باعث کاهش بهره‌وری محصولات کشاورزی و نیروی کار می‌شود که در نتیجه آن اقتصاد کشاورزی و میزان تولید محصولات کشاورزی دچار وقفه و رکود خواهد شد. از این رو پژوهش حاضر با ماهیت توسعه‌ای - کاربردی و روش توصیفی - تحلیلی با استفاده از داده‌های سنجش‌ازدور، مطالعه میدانی و آمارهای موجود با هدف بررسی پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی روستای تاج امیر و تأثیر این پراکندگی بر بهره‌وری زمین‌های کشاورزی این روستا انجام شده است. در این پژوهش با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای (سنتینل 2 و IRS_P5) نقشه کاربری اراضی با تکنیک شئ‌گرا استخراج شد و در محیط نرم‌افزار اتوکدمپ قطعات اراضی کشاورزی اصلاح شدند. با مطالعه میدانی مالکیت اراضی کشاورزی سال 1394 تعیین گردید و بر این اساس مالکیت دهه 1340 نیز مشخص شد و به نقشه اراضی کشاورزی تعمیم داده شد. سپس با استفاده از متریک‌های سرزمین میزان تغییرات و با استفاده از LCPA نوع پراکندگی و تحول اراضی به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که وسعت زمین‌های کشاورزی کاهش یافته و نوع تغییرات در طبقه اراضی کشاورزی نیز از نوع تجزیه‌ای است. نتایج مطالعات میدانی نیز نشان داد که عامل اصلاحات ارضی تأثیری بر پراکندگی اراضی نداشته اما عامل ارث تأثیرگذار بوده است. بدین صورت که 1735 قطعه زمین با 62 مالک در دهه 1340به 2180 قطعه با 257 مالک در سال 1394 رسیده است. همچنین بررسی آمارها حاکی از کاهش مقدار بهره‌وری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Change Detection Analysis of Land Cover Changes and Its Impact on the Productivity of Land Parcels Using Remote Sensing and GIS (Case Study: TajAmir Area, Delfan County)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Mahmoudzadeh 1
  • Hossien Karimzadeh 2
  • Majid Azizmoradi 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
3 MSc., Department of RS & GIS, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The agricultural sector is one of the main pillars of the economy, the development of which will lead to the development of the economy. However, factors such as the fragmentation of agricultural lands reduce the productivity of agricultural products and labor. Therefore, the present study with a developmental-applied nature and descriptive-analytical method was performed using remote sensing data, field study and available statistics to investigate the distribution of agricultural lands in Taj Amir village and the effect of this distribution on agricultural land productivity of this village. In this study, using satellite imagery (Sentinel 2 and IRS_P5), a land use map was extracted with an object-oriented technique and agricultural land plots were modified in the AutoCAD map software environment. The field study of agricultural land ownership was determined in 2015, and based on this, the ownership of the 1940s was determined and generalized to the agricultural land map. Then, using land metrics, the amount of change and using LCPA, the type of land dispersion and evolution were obtained. The results showed that the area of agricultural lands has decreased and the type of changes in the class of agricultural lands is also descriptive. The results of field studies also showed that the factor of land reform had no effect on land dispersion but the factor of inheritance was effective. Thus, 1735 plots of land with 62 owners in the 40s have reached 2180 plots with 257 owners in 2015. A review of statistics also showed that the amount of productivity has decreased.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fragmentation
  • Agriculture
  • Productivity
  • Land reform
  • Object-Oriented Technique
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