عوامل مؤثر بر تمایل خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان باغملک برای حفاظت از آب در بخش خانگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

2 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

از اصلی‌ترین عواملی که امروزه باعث تهدید توسعه پایدار اجتماعی و اقتصادی می‌شود، کمبود آب است یکی از دلایل اصلی کمبود آب، افزایش تقاضای آب برای فعالیت‌های خانگی به‌ویژه در اقتصادهای درحال‌توسعه است. چراکه افزایش آگاهی مردم و توجه بیشتر به سلامتی و مسائل بهداشتی باعث بالاتر رفتن مصرف آب در این زمینه شده است. بنابراین نیاز به شناخت عواملی که باعث افزایش تمایل خانوارها نسبت به حفاظت از آب می‌شود، مهم است و باید موردتوجه ویژه قرار گیرد. ازاین‌رو هدف این مقاله تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر تمایل خانوارهای روستایی جهت حفاظت از آب در بخش خانگی است. اطلاعات موردنیاز پژوهش با روش پیمایشی و با استفاده از ابزار پرسش‌نامه محقق‌ساخت گردآوری شدند. داده‌های گردآوری‌شده به‌وسیله نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و Amos و با رویکرد مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. جامعه آماری پژوهش را خانوارهای روستایی در چهار دهستان شهرستان باغملک استان خوزستان (3005=N) خانوار تشکیل می‌دهند که بر اساس جدول کرجسی و مورگان حجم نمونه 340  سرپرست خانوار انتخاب شدند. افراد نمونه با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای با انتساب متناسب موردمطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری تحلیل مسیر نشان داد، سازه‌های اثربخشی واکنش درک‌شده، خودکارآمدی درک‌شده، هنجار اخلاقی، اطلاعات و آگاهی و عادت، تأثیر مثبت، مستقیم و معنی‌داری بر تمایل رفتاری خانوارهای روستایی جهت حفاظت از آب دارند و درنهایت نیز نظریه توسعه‌یافته انگیزش حفاظت می‌تواند 54 درصد از تغییرات متغیر تمایل رفتاری خانوارهای روستایی را نسبت به حفاظت از آب پیش‌بینی کند. در این راستا توصیه می‌گردد نهادهای محلی و سازمانهای دولتی حامی حفاظت از منابع طبیعی به‌ویژه آب با برگزاری کلاس‌های آموزشی، کارگاه‌ها و سمینارها در ذهن مخاطبان دغدغه حفاظت از آب و لزوم توجه به آن را به وجود آورده و همچنین مشارکت مردم و تمایل آنان را به حفاظت از آب افزایش دهند.

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