تحلیل و سنجش موانع موثر بر تحقق پایداری گردشگری در نواحی روستایی (مورد‌مطالعه: دهستان اورامان شهرستان سروآباد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و حقوق، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

3 کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دانشگاه پیام نور و دبیر آموزش و پرورش شهرستان مریوان، ایران.

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر به دنبال شناسایی مهم‌ترین موانع مؤثر بر پایداری گردشگری نواحی روستایی منطقه اورامان است. پژوهش حاضر ازلحاظ هدف کاربردی، ازلحاظ روش توصیفی - تحلیلی و ازلحاظ شیوه گردآوری اطلاعات ترکیبی از روش‌های اسنادی (کتابخانه‌ای) و میدانی (مبتنی بر توزیع پرسش‌نامه، مشاهده و مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته) است. رویکرد پژوهش، تلفیقی از هر دو رویکرد کمی - کیفی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش، شامل مردم محلی و آگاهان عرصه گردشگری، صاحبان خدمات و مسئولین توسعه روستایی منطقه است. در بخش کیفی ابتدا جهت شناسایی مهم‌ترین موانع مؤثر بر پایداری گردشگری اورامان، با گروه صاحبان خدمات، متخصصان و مسئولین، با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری گلوله برفی، مصاحبه‌هایی نیمه‌ساختاریافته انجام و با استفاده از نظریه داده بنیاد تجزیه‌وتحلیل گردیده . در مرحله بعد با استفاده از آزمون‌های آمار استنباطی (t تک نمونه‎ای و تحلیل مسیر) موانع شناسایی‌شده در قالب پرسش‌نامه‎ای محقق ساخته با حجم نمونه 310 نفر از سرپرستان خانوار ساکن روستاهای هدف گردشگری منطقه ارزیابی شد و در ادامه نیز توسط60 نفر از  صاحبان خدمات گردشگری، گردشگران، متخصصان و مسئولین توسعه منطقه مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. نتایج پژوهش، مهم‌ترین موانع و چالش‎های پیشروی پایداری گردشگری روستایی منطقه اورامان را در چهار بعد نارسایی‎های اقتصادی، نارسایی‎های اجتماعی، نارسایی‎ها و ضعف‎های بعد نهادی و نارسایی‎های کالبدی - محیطی خلاصه نمودند. دراین‌بین، مؤلفه عدم توجه و نظارت مطلوب دولت با بار کلی 486/0 بیشترین تأثیر را در ناپایداری گردشگری منطقه دارد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

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