نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه جغرافیا،دانشکده جغرافیا وبرنامه ریزی محیطی،دانشگاه سیستان وبلوچستان،زاهدان،ایران.
2 دانشیار جغرافیا وبرنامه ریزی روستایی.دانشکده جغرافیا وبرنامه ریزی محیطی.دانشگاه سیستان وبلوچستان،زاهدان،ایران.
3 گروه جغرفیا،دانشکده جغرافیا وبرنامه ریزی محیطی،دانشگاه سیستان وبلوچستان،زاهدان،ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction
It is one of the ways to promote the possibility of employment. Paying attention to the environmental and human talents and capabilities of the village is a planning necessity. Especially the villages that are leading and ahead of other villages both potentially and actually. Employment is considered as one of the basic components in rural and agricultural development. Peace of mind and provision of physical and mental well-being are realized in the shade of obtaining a suitable job and profession in terms of employment, there are villages that are leaders in creating employment for their residents. that measuring the capabilities of these villages is an inevitable necessity to achieve the rule of law governing their success and job creation. Due to the newness of the subject under study, and the lack of criteria and indicators to identify the leading villages, in extensive library and document surveys and through several stages, 26 leading villages were identified in the Sistan region. In this regard, the aim of the present research is to analyze the capabilities of the leading villages of Sistan region in creating employment. According to the mentioned cases, this research tries to answer the following question in the research process: - What are the geographical capabilities of the leading villages in employment generation in Sistan region?
Research method
The type of research in this research is applied and the research method is descriptive-analytical. According to the subject of the research, the technique of collecting statistics and information required is library-documentary and field. In the library method, reading books, reviewing articles, theses and analyzing data published by statistical yearbooks, the results of the general population and housing census have been used. In the field method, data collection has been done by relying on the methods of being in the area, observing and interviewing villagers and local experts. The indicators examined in this article include the analysis of natural and human capabilities and most importantly, the introduction of the job capabilities of the advanced villages of Sistan region. It is worth mentioning that the selected job opportunities that play a role in the mentioned villages and are created and managed by the villagers themselves, for this reason, the mention of jobs such as civil servants, government, etc., have not been used in this research. In order to get a more detailed analysis of the available capabilities of the studied villages, a table has been used.
The geographical scope of the research
The scope of this study is the Sistan region. The Sistan Region has five cities: Zabol, Zahak, Hirmand, Nimrooz and Hamoon.
Findings and discussion
The analysis of the settlement of villages shows that all the rural areas of Sistan region are located in plains. Sistan region has a hot and dry desert climate. According to the 30-year meteorological statistics of Zabol, there are more than 300 dry days per year on average in this region. According to the Gosen method, its climate is desert and according to the Kopen method, it is dry and very hot with dry summer. Sistan region has challenges such as drought and sandstorms. In this period of drought, digging wells have played a special role in the rural economy in recent years. Field research shows that the leading villages in employment have also used the well drilling technique to reduce the risk of water resources. In terms of population, the leading villages have a good situation. Among the studied villages, the villages of Mohammad Shahkaram, Sefid Abe and Amir Nezam have the largest number of rural population compared to other villages. Also, the villages of Shandol, Loutak and Khamar have the lowest rural population compared to other villages. In terms of the employment situation in different economic sectors, in the leading villages in employment, the service job is more popular and with an allocation of about 46.6%, it ranks first among the three desired job positions in the studied villages. Field studies and research findings indicate that there are nearly 60 types of job activities in the leading villages in employment, which shows the great diversity in these villages.
Conclusion
The villages of Sistan region are suffering from major challenges such as drought, water scarcity, economic stagnation, sand storms, rural migration and village evacuation, unemployment and unfavorable job situation. Economists state the provision of full employment along with continuous economic growth, stabilization of the price level and balancing the balance of payments as the four economic goals, but they consider full employment to be the most important. It is worth mentioning that employment is the basic pillar of growth and progress, at the same time, it also brings comfort and well-being to the society.. In this regard, one of the ways to get employment is to give importance to the abilities, talents and capabilities of people and villagers. The purpose of the current research was to identify the capabilities of the leading villages in employment, so that it can be put on the agenda of other villages to create employment. The findings of the research show the special capabilities of the progressive villages of Sistan region. Amirnezam village was known as village carpet of Sistan, Khamar village as machine village of Sistan and Loutak village of village market of Sistan. Qalle- No village was a special tourism village and Milk village was a market and border village of the region. Also, the findings showed the diversity of job activities in progressive villages and also the existence of activities that did not exist in the villages before. These features and capabilities can open the way for the growth and progress of other villages in the region. In this regard, the following suggestions are made: - Leading villages can become the model of other villages in Sistan region so that they can follow the path of progress. - Departments related to employment can emphasize on the success factors of progressive villages so that these villages can progress faster.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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