ارزیابی سرمایه اجتماعی شبکه ذی‌نفعان محلی درراستای توانمندسازی جوامع روستایی (مورد مطالعه: روستای بزیجان، شهرستان محلات، استان مرکزی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 استادیار، دفتر ترویج و مشارکت‌های مردمی، سازمان جنگل‌ها و مراتع و آبخیزداری، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

سرمایه اجتماعی یکی از ارکان اصلی در توسعه پایدار محلی و توانمندسازی اجتماعی محسوب می‌شود. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تحلیل سرمایه اجتماعی درون‌گروهی ذی‌نفعان محلی روستای بزیجان در شهرستان محلات است. با توجه به تأکید بر مدیریت مشارکتی مبتنی‌بر سازگاری و تقویت سرمایه اجتماعی، تحلیل روابط اعتماد و مشارکت در بین ذی‌نفعان محلی امری ضروری است. بدین‌منظور با استفاده از پرسشنامه‌های تحلیل شبکه‌ای و مصاحبه مستقیم با تمامی ذی‌نفعان محلی (در ساختار گروه‌های خُرد توسعه روستایی که به‌دنبال اجرای یک طرح توانمندسازی جامعه روستایی در روستای بزیجان شکل گرفته است)، پیوندهای اعتماد و مشارکت در بین ذی‌نفعان محلی و گروه‌های هدف بررسی شد. قبل از اجرای طرح نتایج از کم‌بودن میزان اعتماد، مشارکت، انسجام و سرمایه اجتماعی حکایت داشت که پس از اجرای این طرح میزان این شاخص‌ها تا حد مطلوبی افزایش یافته بود. سرعت گردش، تبادل اعتماد و مشارکت بین افراد بعد از اجرای طرح در مقایسه با قبل از اجرای آن، افزایش‌ یافته و اجرای طرح اتحاد و یگانگی بین افراد را افزایش داده بود. همچنین توانمندسازی اجتماعی در این روستا در حد مطلوبی حاصل شده بود. درنهایت می‌توان گفت اجرای این طرح سرمایه اجتماعی درون‌گروهی را افزایش می‌دهد. این امر به نوبه خود رانده‌شدن اجتماعی را کاهش و رفاه اجتماعی را افزایش می‌دهد و بر مشارکت گسترده ساکنان روستا اثر می‌گذارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Network Analysis and Appraisal of Social Capital of Beneficiaries for Rural Sustainable Development (Case Study: Bazijan Village, Mahalat County, Markazi Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Ghorbani 1
  • Gholamreza Hadarbadi 2
  • Fariba Ebrahimi Azarkharan 3
  • Adele Khavar 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, Agriculture & Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Extension & Public Participation Bureau, Forests, Range and Watershed Management Organization, Tehran, Iran.
3 PhD Candidate, Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, Agriculture & Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Social capital is a fundamental prerequisite for local sustainable development and social empowerment. The present study is an attempt to analyze the bonding of social capital of local beneficiaries in the Bazijan village of Mahalat County. Regarding the importance of adaptive co-management and reinforcement of social capital, the trust and participation ties of beneficiaries need to be explored. Accordingly, these aspects were investigated through network analysis questionnaire and direct interviews with all local beneficiaries (present as rural development micro-groups). It was found that the level of trust, participation, cohesion, and social capital elevated from a low state prior to project implementation to an optimum level post project implementation. The speed of trust and participation transfer among actors also increased following project implementation. This project also led to a higher unity among individuals such that social empowerment was realized desirably in this village. Thus, it can be asserted that the implementation of this project resulted in a higher bonding of social capital, which further results in less social seclusion, higher social welfare, and extensive collaboration of residents.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Empowerment
  • Bonding social capital
  • Local Community
  • Adaptive co-management
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