بومی‌سازی شاخص‌های سرمایه اجتماعی در مناطق روستایی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

2 استاد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

با توجه به نقش بالقوه سرمایه اجتماعی در کاهش فقر و تقویت توسعه پایدار، تلاش‌های زیادی برای طراحی ابزارهای سنجش سرمایه اجتماعی صورت گرفته است. سرمایه اجتماعی به عنوان مفهومی پیچیده را نمی‌توان با سنجه منفرد یا عدد سنجید. برای این کار باید از مجموعه‌ای از شاخص‌ها استفاده کرد تا بتوان ابعاد گوناگون آن را مقایسه کرد. در این چهارچوب این پرسش مطرح شد که فرایند بومی‌سازی شاخص‌های سرمایه اجتماعی در مناطق روستایی ایران چگونه است. برای پاسخ علمی به پرسش و ایجاد مجموعه‌ای مناسب از شاخص‌ها برای اندازه‌گیری سرمایه اجتماعی در مناطق روستایی ایران، مقاله حاضر با استفاده از روش توصیفی‌تحلیلی و پیمایشی و نظرخواهی از خبرگان و اساتید و متخصصان امر، به شیوه دلفی شاخص‌ها و معیارهای مناسب و بومی‌شده را ارائه کرده است. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق، در مجموع 9 مؤلفه و 18 شاخص و 53 نماگر انتخاب شد که با مناطق روستایی ایران سازگار هستند. افزون بر این، با بومی‌سازی شاخص‌های سرمایه اجتماعی در توسعه پایدار روستایی، این امکان فراهم می‌شود تا علاوه‌ بر انتخاب شاخص‌های سازگار و منطبق با شرایط روستاهای ایران، به جنبه عملیاتی‌بودن و قابل اجرا بودن این مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص‌ها و نماگرها در برنامه‌های توسعه پایدار روستایی نیز توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Localization of Indicators of Social Capital in Rural Areas of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samira Mahmoodi 1
  • Abdolreza Rokneddin Efekhari 2
  • Gholamreza Ghaffari 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Physical Geography, School of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Given the potential role of social capital in reducing poverty and enhancing sustainable development, there have been many attempts to design assessment tools for it. Social capital is a complex concept with multiple measures. This feature requires a set of indicators to compare its different aspects. In this context, the question is what the localization process indicators of social capital are in rural areas of Iran. The scientific solution to the problem needs an appropriate set of indicators to measure social capital in rural areas of Iran. The present paper used cross-surveys and feedback from experts, and academics. We also used the Delphi method to provide appropriate indicators and criteria which have been localized. For data analysis, statistical methods such as mean and variance were calculated using Excel and SPSS. Based on the findings in the total number of 9 components, 18 indexes and 53 indicators were selected that are compatible with rural areas of Iran. Moreover, by localization of social capital indicators in sustainable rural development, it is possible to select the indicators that are consistent and comply with Iranian villages, operational aspects, and applicable to these components. Also indexes and indicators in sustainable rural development programs will be considered.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Social capital
  • rural sustainable development
  • Localization of indicators
  • Rural Areas
  • Iran
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