تحلیل فضایی تفاوت‌های تاب‌آوری در نواحی شهری و روستایی در برابر مخاطرات طبیعی (موردمطالعه: شهرستان پل‌دختر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، سیستان و بلوچستان، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، سیستان و بلوچستان، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکترای اقلیم‌شناسی شهری دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

دولت‌ها برای کاهش اثر مخاطرات راهبرهای متنوعی را در پیش می‌گیرند. از مهم‌ترین این راهکارها که تاکنون کمتر به آن توجه شده است، شناسایی تفاوت جوامع مختلف از نظر شاخص‌های تاب‌آوری در برابر مخاطرات، و اتخاذ استراتژی متناسب برای هرکدام از آن‌ها است. لذا هدف این مطالعه بررسی تفاوت جوامع شهری و روستایی از نظر تاب‌آوری در برابر مخاطرات طبیعی بوده است. تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی و روش انجام آن ترکیبی (کیفی و کمی) است. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسش‌نامه، مصاحبه و سالنامه آماری استان لرستان است. جامعه آماری خانوارهای شهری و روستایی شهرستان پل‌دختر است (30012=N). با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، 379 خانوار (244 خانوار شهری و 135 خانوار روستایی) انتخاب گردید. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها، از آزمون‌های تحلیل واریانس، مدل رگرسیون لجستیک و برای تحلیل فضایی شاخص‌ها، از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیا (GIS) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت قابل‌توجهی بین عوامل تاب‌آوری در مناطق شهری و روستایی وجود دارد. تاب‌آوری در مناطق شهری در درجه اول تحت تأثیر سرمایه اقتصادی می‌باشد. درحالی‌که سرمایه اجتماعی، مهم‌ترین عامل تاب‌آوری در مناطق روستایی است. همچنین در مناطق روستایی تغییرات مکانی قابل‌توجهی در زمینه شاخص‌های تاب‌آوری وجود دارد. لذا برای افزایش تاب‌آوری جوامع در برابر مخاطرات، باید برای هر یک از آن‌ها با توجه ظرفیت‌های محلی، استراتژی متناسب اتخاذ گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial analysis of differences in urban and rural areas in terms resilience against spontaneous phenomena (Case study: city Poldokhtar)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Bazrafshan 1
  • Mehrshad Toulabi nejad 2
  • meysam toulabi nejad 3
1 Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran
2 Ph.D. student in Geography and Rural Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran
3 Ph.D. student at urban climatology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Governments are pursuing a variety of strategies to reduce the impact of hazards. The most important of these solutions, which have so far been neglected, is identifying the different communities from the standpoint of resilience to risk, and adopting an appropriate strategy for each of them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the difference between urban and rural communities in terms of accelerating the naturalization. The present research is a combination (qualitative and quantitative) of purpose, applied and method of doing it. The data-gathering tool was a questionnaire, interview, and yearly journal of Lorestan province. The statistical population is urban and rural villages of Poldokhtar township (N= 30012). Using Cochran formula, 379 households (244 households and 135 rural households) were selected. Data analysis was performed using variance analysis, logistic regression model and geographic information system (GIS) for spatial analysis of indices. The results showed that there is a significant difference between functional factors in urban and rural areas. Resilience in urban areas is primarily affected by economic capital. While social capital is the most important factor in resilience in rural areas. There are also significant spatial changes in resilient indices in rural areas. Therefore, in order to increase the resilience of societies against risks, for each of them, an appropriate strategy should be taken into account with regard to local capacities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • resilience
  • Natural hazards
  • Urban and Rural communities
  • Logistic Models
  • Poldokhtar city
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