اصل چهار و تغییر اجتماعی در ایران (معرفی و نقد کتاب «بررسی اهداف و عملکرد اصل چهار ترومن»)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تغییرات اجتماعی برون‌زا و نوین در ایران علیرغم سابقه طولانی مورد توجه جدی قرار نگرفته‌اند. از مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر در تغییرات اجتماعی برون‌زا پیش از انقلاب اسلامی، نوع ارتباطات خارجی خصوصاً با ایالات‌متحده آمریکا بوده است. تأثیر این رابطه عمدتاً در حوزه‌های سیاسی و نظامی مدنظر قرار گرفته و از سایر حوزه‌های مهم و اساسی نظیر اقتصاد و فرهنگ غفلت شده است. هدف این مقاله بازخوانی انتقادی اهداف و عملکرد اصل چهار ترومن در ایران می‌باشد که در کتابی با همین نام انتشار یافته است. هدف‌گیری اساسی اصل چهار بر روستاها به عنوان کانون‌های «کار و تولید» و «همکاری» بود و توسعه را در چارچوب «مصرف» به عنوان هنجار اجتماعی و «رفاه» به مثابه ایدئولوژی سیاسی تعریف می‌کرد. در این مدلِ توسعه می‌بایستی کانون‌های مولد به کانون‌های مصرف تبدیل شوند و شهرهای مصرفی نماد توسعه‌یافتگی محسوب می‌گردند. کتاب «بررسی اهداف و عملکرد اصل چهار ترومن» تنها اثر انتشار یافته در این زمینه است که کالبدشکافی مناسبی از ماهیت و فرایند اصل چهار در ایران ارائه داده امّا به نتایج و تأثیرات پایدار این طراحیِ تغییر اجتماعی در ایران کمتر توجه داشته است. با این وجود می‌تواند در طراحی الگوی تغییرات اجتماعی در ایران به کار آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Point Four and social changes in Iran(Book review "review objectives and performance Truman's Point Four")

نویسنده [English]

  • Mahmood Maham
Assistant Professor of Islamic Culture and Thought, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Iran has experienced great changes in history but today the speed and nature of social changes, has created different conditions that require understanding social native pattern designs. an adaptation of Western theoretical models and applications on the basis of raw materials and instances in Iran, is a common response to the question of circumstances of achieving suitable social patterns and the right way appears through the production side, not consumers. In other words, research in the social history of Iran can determine the course of social change and the role of actors and other co-founders, the pattern of social change in Iran can be extracted. The important factors in social changes before the Islamic Revolution are affected by the type of external relations particularly with the United States of America. The influence of this relationship is mainly considered in political and military related services and other critical areas such as economy and culture has been ignored. Limitations and weaknesses in scientific production in this area spread a sign of politicization in the field of social science research in Iran. This paper investigates on reviewing objectives and performance of Truman›s Point Four, analysis of the Point Four program is the only reference that can be used in the design of social changes of Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Truman's Point Four
  • Change
  • social change pattern
  • the village
  • Iran
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