دیدگاه خانوارهای محلی پیرامون پیامدهای اجتماعی احداث سد بهشت‌آباد در حوزه مبدأ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

چکیده

احداث سدها به منظور ذخیره‌سازی و انتقال آب بین حوزه‌ای یکی از راهکارهای سیاست‌گذاران به منظور مدیریت چالش کمبود آب در دهه‌های اخیر است، اما این راهبرد می‌تواند منجر به پیامدهای منفی اجتماعی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی گردد. هدف این مقاله بررسی دیدگاه خانوارهای روستایی و شهری محلی در مورد پیامدهای اجتماعی حاصل از احداث سد بهشت‌آباد و انتقال آب بین‌حوزه‌ای است. این پژوهش در حوزه آبخیر بهشت‌آباد واقع در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری انجام شد و جوامع محلی که به طور مستقیم تحت تأثیر سد قرار می‌گیرند موردمطالعه قرار گرفت. در این مطالعه پیمایشی، با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری چند مرحله‌ای 200 خانوار از 3514 خانوار منطقه انتخاب شدند و داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه و مصاحبه ساختاریافته گردآوری گردیدند. از دید جوامع محلی احداث سد موجب افزایش مهاجرت که منجر به حاشیه‌نشینی در اطراف شهرها شده، تضعیف مشارکت بین خانوارهای محلی و افزایش آسیب‌پذیری معیشت‌ها، به‌ویژه در فعالیت‌هایی همچون زراعت، باغداری، دامپروری و خدمات مرتبط و افزایش قیمت زمین در مناطق تحت تأثیر احداث سد خواهد شد، هرچند به اعتقاد برخی از افراد، احداث سد سبب ایجاد مشاغل گوناگونی خواهد شد. این دیدگاه‌ها به طور معنی‌داری تحت تأثیر سن پاسخگو، میزان تحصیلات، تعداد فرزندان و تعداد دام خانوارها بود. این نشان می‌دهد که پاسخگویان که دارای سن بالاتر، تعداد دام سبک بیشتر و تعداد فرزند بیشتری بودند تأثیر احداث سد را منفی‌تر و افرادی که دارای سطح تحصیلات بالاتری بودند دید مثبت‌تری نسبت به احداث سد داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Perspective of Local Households Toward the Social Consequences of Establishing the Behesht Abad Dam in the Origin Basin

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ladan Naderi 1
  • Esmail Karamidehkordi 2
1 Graduate Student, Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran.
2 Associate professor, Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Constructing reservoir dams for inter-basin water transfer has been considered as one of main strategies of policy makers for managing water shortage in recent decades. However, this strategy can lead to negative social, economic and environmental consequences. The purpose of this paper is to study the views of local rural and urban households regarding the social effects of constructing the Behesht Abad reservoir dam and the inter-basin water transfer project on the local communities. The research was conducted in Behesht Abad watershed, as the origin basin, located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. It aimed at how local rural and urban communities would be affected if a dam was constructed. In this survey, a sample of 200 out of 3514 households was randomly selected, and the data were collected through structured interviews using a questionnaire. From the perspective of the local communities, the dam construction would increase the emigration of local people, leading to marginalization of emigrants in the outskirt of cities; weakening the local households' participation in their communities and increase of job vulnerability, particularly such activities as crop farming, animal husbandry and the related services. Also, land prices in the area would be adversely affected by the dam construction. This perspective was significantly affected by variables such as respondents' age, education level, and households' animal units. This shows that the respondents at higher ages, more children, and more animal units assessed the impact of the dam construction more negatively, while more educated people had more positive attitudes toward this issue.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dam constraction
  • Livelihood strategy
  • Local Community
  • Dam Beheshtabad
  • Impact

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پژوهش های روستائی
دوره 9، شماره 4
اسفند 1397
صفحه 628-645

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 خرداد 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 دی 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 بهمن 1396

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