پهنه‌بندی فضایی مزیت نسبی کارآفرینی روستایی و عوامل مؤثر در آن (مورد مطالعه شهرستان پارس‌آباد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد،گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه کارآفرینی سازمانی، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی - برنامه‌ریزی فضایی کارآفرینی در مناطق روستایی، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران .

چکیده

امروزه کارآفرینی و ایجاد فعالیت‌های کارآفرینانه بهترین راهبرد در ماندگاری و توسعه روستاها شناخته می‌شود. با این حال فعالیت‌های کارآفرینی در این مناطق می‌بایست بر اساس ظرفیت‌ها و پتانسیل‌های موجود در آن‌ها صورت گیرد تا به موفقیت دست یابد. تحقیق حاضر که با هدف پهنه‌بندی مناطق روستایی پارس‌آباد از نظر مزیت نسبی کارآفرینی و عوامل مؤثر در آن نگاشته شده است، از نوع مطالعات کاربردی با روش توصیفی - تحلیلی است. روش گردآوری اطلاعات به روش اسنادی و میدانی (پرسشنامه و مشاهده) صورت گرفته است. جامعه آماری تحقیق را کارآفرینان و روستاییان تشکیل می‌دهند که به ترتیب نمونه‌های انتخاب شده 22 نفر از کارآفرینان روستایی با روش تمام‌شماری و 377 نفر از روستاییان با روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌بندی شده تصادفی، می‌باشند. برای پهنه‌بندی مزیت نسبی کارآفرینی روستایی از شاخص‌های مزیت مقیاس (SAI)، مزیت کارایی (EAI)، مزیت نسبت مکانی (LQ) و مزیت جمعی (AAI)، با استفاده از تحلیل خوشه-ای سلسله مراتبی، برای بررسی عوامل مؤثر از آزمون تحلیل واریانس کروسکال‌والیس و جهت پیش‌بینی وضعیت رشد کارآفرینی در مناطق روستایی از روش تغییر - سهم استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که دهستان‌های اصلاندوز، اسلام‌آباد، ساوالان و اولتان بیشترین مزیت نسبی را در کارآفرینی روستایی دارا هستند. و عوامل متمایز کننده عمدتاً عملکردی محلی دارند و کمیت و کیفیت کارآفرینی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial Zoning of the Relative Advantage of Rural Entrepreneurship and the Factors Affecting it: A Case Study of Pars Abad County

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojtaba Ghadiri Masoum 1
  • Seyed Hassan Motiee Langrudi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Zali 2
  • Ali Gholami 3
1 Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate professors, Department of Enterprise Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 PhD student of geography and rural planning and spatial planning of entrepreneurship in rural areas, Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, entrepreneurship and the creation of entrepreneurial activities are the best strategy for the survival and development of villages. The present research aims at zoning the rural areas of Pars Abad in terms of the relative advantages of entrepreneurship and the factors that affect it. The research is based on a descriptive-analytic method. Data gathering was done by document and field methods, i.e. questionnaire and observation. The statistical population of the study consisted of entrepreneurs and villagers. According to the sample, 22 rural entrepreneurs were selected by the random sampling method, and 377 villagers were selected randomly. To evaluate the relative advantage of rural entrepreneurship, the scale advantage index (SAI), efficiency advantage index (EAI), spatial advantage index (LQ) and collective advantage index (AAI) were used through a hierarchical cluster analysis. Also, to investigate the affecting factors, Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance was done. The change-share method was used to predict the growth status of entrepreneurship in rural areas. As the results showed, Aslandois, Islamabad, Savalan and Oltan have the greatest comparative advantage in rural entrepreneurship. It was also found that differentiating factors are mainly local practices that affect the quantity and quality of entrepreneurship.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Comparative advantage of entrepreneurship
  • Rural Entrepreneurship
  • Pars Abad rural areas
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