واکاوی نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در بهبود تاب‌آوری خانوارهای روستایی در شرایط خشکسالی در شهرستان دیواندره

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

هدف کلی این پژوهش، واکاوی نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در بهبود تاب‌آوری خانوارهای روستایی در شرایط خشکسالی بود. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل سرپرست خانوارهای‏ روستایی کشاورزان کوچک‌مقیاس در روستاهای شهرستان دیواندره بود (N=10099). با استفاده از فرمول نمونه‌گیری کوکران حجم نمونه 184 نفر به دست آمد که برای افزایش اعتبار یافته‏ها، تعداد 200 پرسشنامه بین اعضای جامعه آماری توزیع گردید که درنهایت 195 پرسشنامه تکمیل و عودت داده شد. روش نمونه‏گیری، تصادفی طبقه‏ای (بخش‌های مختلف به‌عنوان طبقه در نظر گرفته شد) با انتساب متناسب بود. ابزار اصلی تحقیق پرسشنامه‌ای بود که روایی آن توسط پانل متخصصان و پایایی آن توسط ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد (α>0.7). تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‏ها با ‏استفاده از نرم‏افزار SPSSwin18 و Lisrel8.54 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که خانوارهای موردمطالعه ازنظر وضعیت سرمایه اجتماعی در وضعیت مطلوبی قرار دارند اما ازنظر وضعیت تاب‌آوری در وضعیت مناسبی نیستند. همچنین، نتایج تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد که بین تمامی ابعاد سرمایه اجتماعی (اعتماد اجتماعی، مشارکت و اقدام جمعی، انسجام اجتماعی و عضویت در گروه‌ها) خانوارهای موردمطالعه و تاب‌آوری آنان رابطه مثبت و معنی‏داری وجود دارد. علاوه بر این، نتایج مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری پژوهش نشان داد که ابعاد سرمایه اجتماعی با ضریب تبیین 81 درصد ( 90/γ=0 , 81/t=17) اثر مثبت و معنی‏داری بر تاب‌آوری خانوارهای موردبررسی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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