پیشران‌های انسانی توسعه کارآفرینی در حوزه گردشگری (موردمطالعه: روستای ایستگاه بیشه در شهرستان خرم‌آباد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.

2 دانشیار ترویج و توسعه کشاورزی، گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی، گروه علوم زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

چکیده

در صورت فراهم بودن زمینه‌های انسانی،گردشگری حاوی ظرفیت‌‌های پویا و گسترده‌ای برای اشتغال و کارآفرینی است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی فراهمی پیشران‌ها (عوامل) انسانی لازم برای توسعه کارآفرینی گردشگری در منطقه روستایی هدف گردشگریِ بیشه در شهرستان خرم‌آباد بود. این تحقیق از نظر ماهیت کمّی و با توجه به هدف تحقیق، کاربردی، از لحاظ گردآوری داده‌ها در زمره تحقیقات توصیفی بود که به شیوه پیمایش انجام شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش، 1190 نفر از روستاییان 15 تا 64 سال ساکن در ایستگاه بیشه در سال 1396 بودند. حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان، 291 نفر برآورد و به‏صورت نمونه‏گیری تصادفی انتخاب و مطالعه شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسش‌نامه‌ای محقق ساخته بود که روایی صوری آن توسط متخصصان مورد بازنگری و تأیید قرار گرفت و پایایی آن با انجام مطالعه راهنما در خارج از محدوده تحقیق و محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ  (88/0 تا 99/0) به دست آمد. یافته‌ها نشان داد پیشران‌های عینی در منطقه بیشه در وضعیت متوسطی قرار دارند. از میان پیشران‌های ذهنی نیز، تنها پیشران امنیت اجتماعی بیش از حد معیار (80/3) بود. بر اساس یافته‌های تحلیل خوشه‌ای، افراد در سه گروه نیم‌ساز، ناساز و هم‌ساز قرار گرفتند. آزمون تحلیل واریانس نشان داد از پیشران‌های عینی؛ آموزش، مشاوره و تجربیات در دو گروه نیم‌ساز و ناساز و از پیشران‌های ذهنی؛ مشارکت اجتماعی در دو گروه نیم‌ساز و ناساز وضعیت یکسان داشتند. در پایان بر اساس نتایج پژوهش جهت بهبود توسعه کارآفرینی در گردشگری منطقه بیشه پیشنهادهایی ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Human Driving Forces of Entrepreneurship Development in Tourism Sector: A Case Study of the Village of Istgah Bisheh in Khorramabad County

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kobra Pirdadeh Beyranvand 1
  • Mostafa Ahmadvand 2
  • Vahid Sharafi Sarabi 3
1 Ph. D. student of Agricultural Development, Department of Rural Development Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.
2 Associate Professor of Agricultural Extension and Development, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Rural Development Management, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.
3 M.Sc. student of Rural Development, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Tourist areas have a high potential for employment and entrepreneurship activities especially when human resources are also available. The purpose of this study was to investigate the human resource factors necessary for the development of entrepreneurship in the tourist area of Bisheh in Khorramabad County. The research was quantitative in nature. Also, in terms of purpose, it was a type of applied research conducted using a survey method. The statistical population of the study consisted of 1190 rural people at the age of 15-64 years who were living in Istgahe Bisheh in 2017. The sample size was determined by using Krejcie and Morgan table, and 291 people were randomly selected. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed by experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was also examined by conducting a pilot study and calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.88-0.99).The findings showed that the objective driving forces in the Bisheh region were in a medium status. Among the subjective driving forces, only social security ranked higher than standard (3.80). Based on a cluster analysis, the rural people were divided into three groups: ready, semi-ready, and unready. Analysis of variance showed that, among the objective driving forces, education, counseling and experiences were different in the semi-ready and unready groups. As for the subjective factors, however, they were all different among the groups except for social participation. Finally, based on the results of the research, suggestions were made to develop entrepreneurship activities in the region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Driving forces
  • Rural Development
  • Rural Tourism
  • Rural Entrepreneurship
  • Bisheh village

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پژوهش های روستائی
دوره 9، شماره 4
اسفند 1397
صفحه 564-579

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 اردیبهشت 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 مهر 1397

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