ارزیابی تحلیلی شناسه‌های حرارتی جداره‌های خارجی ابنیه بومی روستایی اقلیم کوهپایه‌ای استان مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی معماری، گروه آموزشی معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه آموزشی معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی تحلیلی شناسه‌های حرارتی مصالح مصرف‌شده در جداره‌های خارجی خانه‌های بومی واقع در مناطق روستایی اقلیم کوهپایه‌ای استان مازندران است. لذا نمونه‌هایی به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده در پهنه موردمطالعه تعیین و جزییات 30 نمونه از جداره‌های خارجی خانه‌های بومی با قدمت 60 تا 80 سال و با مساحت زیربنای 40 تا 60 مترمربع در روستاهای محدوده پژوهش برداشت شده است. در ادامه مشخصات مصالح مصرفی در جداره‌های متداول را بر اساس استاندارد طراحی محیطی (CIBSE) و اطلاعات مرکز تحقیقات ساختمان و مسکن استخراج کرده و شناسه‌های حرارتی هشت‌گانه هرکدام از جداره‌ها بر اساس لایه‌های مصرفی آن‌ها با استفاده از برنامه طراحی‌شده در محیط نرم‌افزار EXCEL محاسبه گردید. همچنین تمامی انواع جداره‌ها بر پایه هرکدام از شناسه‌های حرارتی هشت‌گانه در قالب نمودارهای میله‌ای مقایسه و درنهایت با توجه به اولویت‌بندی میزان اهمیت هرکدام از شناسه‌های حرارتی، قیاس جداره‌ها بر اساس کم‌ترین و بیش‌ترین میزان اتلاف انرژی حرارتی انجام شد. به‌عنوان نتیجه از میان انواع جداره‌های موجود، جداره خشت خام ازنظر گرمای ویژه حجمی، ضریب کاهش و زمان تأخیر، کارایی بالایی داشته و در موارد دیگر کارایی متوسطی را از خود نشان داده و درمجموع مناسب‌ترین نوع جداره از منظر موضوع این پژوهش (شناسه‌های حرارتی هشت‌گانه) است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analytical Evaluation of the Thermal Properties of the External Walls of Traditional Rural Dwellings Located in the Foothills of Mazandaran Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Flora Mokhtari 1
  • Tohid Hatami Khanghahi 2
  • Bahram Gosili 2
1 MA student, Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 Assistant professor, Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study aims to analyze the thermal properties of the external walls in the traditional indigenous buildings located in the foothills of Mazandaran Province. The buildings were selected through a simple random sampling method in the study area. Then, a sample of 30 external walls in those traditional dwellings was chosen. They were 60 to 80 years old with an area of 40 to 60 square meters each. The thermo-physical properties of the materials used in the walls were extracted from the Environmental Design Standard (CIBSE) and the Road, Housing and Development Research Center. Then, the octal thermal properties of the walls were calculated using a program that the authors designed by the EXCEL software. Also, based on their octal thermal properties, the walls were all compared in column charts. Eventually, according to the priority and significance of each thermal property, the comparison of the walls was done based on the least and the most energy loss. As the comparative analysis carried out in this study revealed, mud-brick walls have the highest efficiency in terms of Volumetric Specific Heat, Decrement Factor and Time Lag Associated with Decrement Factor. There is a moderate efficiency in other cases, and, in comparison with other external walls, mud-brick walls generally seem to be the most appropriate type of external wall in terms of the criteria in this research. According to the assertions of the permanent dwellers of the traditional indigenous buildings and their rate of satisfaction with the thermal comfort in those places under current climate conditions, mud-brick walls or any other wall with similar thermal properties can be the most appropriate type of external wall in the research area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Thermal Comfort
  • External walls
  • Thermal properties
  • Indigenous buildings
  • Mazandaran
Abad, B., Borca-Tasciuc, D.A., Martin-Gonzales, M.S., (2017), Non-Contact Methods for Thermal Properties Measurement, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 76, 1348-1370.
Alizadeh, A., (2004), Air and Climatology, Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad.
Amol city Meteorological Organization, (2017), Amol, Iran.
Bahadorinezhad, M., (2003), Thermodynamics Booklet, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
CIBSE, Guide A, (1978) & (1999) & (2006), Environmental Design, The Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, Yale Press, London, England.
Coch, H., (1998), Bioclimatism in Vernacular Architecture, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2, 67-87.
Farrokhzad, M., (2004), Thermal Comfort Index Leaflet, Ph.D. Department of Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Heydarinezhad, G., (2009),Thermal Comfort, Building and Housing Research Center Publications, Tehran, Iran.
Huebner, G.M., Shipworth, D.T., Gauthier, S., Witzel, C., Raynham, P., Chan, W., (2016), Saving Energy With Light? Experimental Studies Assessing The Impact of Color Temperature on Thermal Comfort, Energy Research and Social Science, 15, 45-57.
Jafarpour, E., (2002), Climatology, Tehran University Press, Tehran, Iran.
Jalilian, Sh., Tahbaz, M., (2006), Climate Solutions for Rural Housing in Ardabil Province, Fifth International Conference on Optimization of Fuel Consumption in Building, Tehran, Iran.
Kalbadinezhad, M., (2008), Land and Architecture of Mazandaran, Journal of Architecture and Culture, vol. 10, No. 33, pp. 82-86.
Kasmaee, M., (2003), Climate & Architecture, Soil Publishing, Isfahan, Iran.
Kaviani, M., Alijani, B., (2005), Weather Foundations, Samt Publishing.
Kotopouleas, A., Nikolopoulou, M., (2016), Thermal Comfort Conditions on Airport Terminals: Indoor or Transition Spaces? Building and Environment, 99, 184-199.
Li, H., Harvey, J., Jones, D., (2013), Multi-Dimensional Transient Temperature Simulation and Back-Calculation for Thermal Properties of Building Materials, Building and Environment, 59, 501-516.
Pourdeyhimi, Sh., (1993), Unsteady Transfer Flow, Soffeh, vol. (9), Tehran, Iran.
Pourdeihimi, Sh., (1993), Unstable Transmission Flow, Soffeh Journal, Volume 3, Issue 1-2, pp. 16-27.
Pourdeihimi Sh., Gosili, B., (2014), A Study on the Thermal Indexes of Membranes in Building Envelope (Case study: Ardebil rural areas), housing and rural environment, Volume 34, Issue 150, pp. 53-70.
Razjouian, M., (1988, 2009), Comfort by climate-friendly architecture, Shahid Beheshti University Press, Tehran, Iran.
Saghafi, M., Hajizadeh, M., (2012), Investigation and Comparison of Exterior Wall Thermal Performance with Common Clay Blocks in Iran, Honar-ha-ye-Ziba, 17(1), pp.49-54.
Shakoor, A., (2011), Analysis of the Role of Natural Environment in the Compatibility of Human Settlements with it “Emphasizing Application of Climate in Esfahan Rural Architecture, Iran”. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(12), 1524-1526.
The AIA Research Corporation, (1978), Regional Guidelines for Building Passive Energy Conserving Homes, Washington DC, USA.
Tzikopoulos, A.F., Karatza, M.C., Paravantis, J.A., (2005), Modeling energy efficiency of bioclimatic buildings, Energy and buildings, 37, 529-544.
www.google.com/maps, 2017