تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر تغییر منظر کالبدی روستاهای حاشیه کلان‌شهرها (موردمطالعه: روستاهای حاشیه شمالی کلان‌شهر مشهد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

بررسی و مطالعه روستاها و تحولات کالبدی و بصری آن‌ها نمایانگر دخالت عوامل مختلفی است که گاه در حیطه اختیار روستائیان و گاه خارج از آن است. این عوامل از جهات مختلف روستاها را هدف قرار می‌دهند که منظر و تغییر آن یکی از این ابعاد است. هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر بر تغییر منظر کالبدی روستاهای حاشیه کلان‌شهر مشهد است. روش تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی و از نوع کاربردی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق را 13 روستای واقع در 5 کیلومتری حاشیه شمالی شهر مشهد تشکیل می‌دهند که از طریق نرم‌افزار GIS تعیین شده‌اند و مبنای مطالعه و تعیین حجم نمونه قرار گرفتند. ابزار تحقیق پرسشنامه محقق ساخته‌ای است که شامل دو گروه عوامل درونی و بیرونی به‌عنوان متغیر مستقل تحقیق و شاخص‌های متغیر منظر به‌عنوان متغیر وابسته است. نتایج تحلیل داده‌های حاصل از تکمیل پرسشنامه در بین 228 نفر از ساکنین روستاهای موردمطالعه بیانگر این است که تغییر منظر و چشم‌انداز کالبدی در اغلب روستاهای موردمطالعه بالاتر از حد متوسط رخ داده است و بیشترین تغییرات منظر در شاخص تغییر کاربری اراضی روستایی صورت گرفته است. با توجه به نتایج همبستگی پیرسون مشخص شد بین تغییر عوامل درونی و بیرونی با تغییر منظر روستاها به ترتیب 482/0 و 551/۰ رابطه معنی‌دار و مستقیم وجود دارد. نتایج مدل ساختاری نشان داد که متغیر نیروهای ملی و فراملی از بعد بیرونی با ضریب 312/0 بیشترین تأثیر را بر تغییر منظر و چشم‌انداز کالبدی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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