ارزیابی اکوسیستم کارآفرینی گردشگری روستایی (مورد مطالعه: استان تهران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

کارآفرینی در گردشگری روستایی یکی اهرم‌های توسعه روستایی است که به عنوان راه‌حلی برای برخی از مسائل روستاییان همواره موردتوجه بوده است. بر این اساس، هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی اکوسیستم کارآفرینی گردشگری در روستاهای استان تهران و شناخت مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه آن است. پژوهش از نوع پیمایشی است که با روش توصیفی - تحلیلی انجام گرفته و ابزار اصلی جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، پرسش‌نامه و جامعه آماری «صاحبان کسب‌وکار روستایی»، «مدیران روستایی» و «خبرگان و متخصصان» تکمیل شده است. در ارتباط با توسعه اکوسیستم کارآفرینی در گردشگری روستایی، نتایج نشان داد هر سه گروه صاحبان کسب‌وکار، مدیران روستایی و خبرگان، بعد اقتصادی را مهم‌ترین بعد دانسته و نتایج مدل تحلیل عاملی در ارزیابی مهم‌ترین شاخص‌های مؤثر بر توسعه اکوسیستم کارآفرینی در گردشگری روستایی از طریق خلاصه‌سازی 24 شاخص مورد بررسی به 5 عامل، مهم‌ترین شاخص را در توسعه اکوسیستم کارآفرینی در گردشگری روستایی، شاخص «سرمایه‌گذاری» تعیین می‌کند. سایر شاخص‌های عامل اول شامل مشارکت، سرمایه‌گذار، دسترسی (بازار یا اقتصادی)، دولتی، آگاهی و آموزشی (سیاستی) می‌شود. بر این اساس می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که مهم‌ترین لازمه‌ تحقق توسعه کارآفرینی گردشگری در روستاهای موردمطالعه، نیاز به همکاری دو گروه سرمایه‌گذار (برای سرمایه‌گذاری و بازاریابی) و دولت (برای ارائه آموزش و افزایش آگاهی) در بستر روستاهای دارای قابلیت کارآفرینی گردشگری و مشارکت با ساکنان این روستاها است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Performance Evaluation of Elements of Rural Tourism Entrepreneurship Ecosystem; Case Study: Tehran Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nahid Akbari Samani 1
  • seyed Ali Badri 2
  • mohammad reza rezvani 3
  • Mohammad Salmani 2
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Entrepreneurship in rural tourism is one of the pillars of rural development that has always been considered as a solution to some of the problems of the villagers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the tourism entrepreneurship ecosystem in the villages of Tehran province and identify the most important factors affecting its development. This is an exploratory study conducted using descriptive-analytical method and the main tool for collecting data is a questionnaire completed by "Rural Business Owners", "Rural Managers" and "Elites and Specialists". Regarding the development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in rural tourism, the results showed that all three groups of business owners, rural managers and experts consider the economic dimension as the most important dimension and the results of the factor analysis model in evaluating the most important indicators affecting the development of entrepreneurship ecosystem in rural tourism by summarizing 24 indicators to 5 factors showed that the most important indicator in the development of entrepreneurship ecosystem in rural tourism is the "investment" index. Other indicators of the first factor include participation, investor, access (market or economic), government, awareness and education (policy). Accordingly, it can be concluded that the most important requirement for the development of tourism entrepreneurship in the villages under study is cooperation between two groups of investors (for investment and marketing) and the government (to provide education and awareness) in the villages with tourism entrepreneurship and partnership with the residents of these villages.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Entrepreneurship ecosystem
  • Rural tourism
  • Tourism entrepreneurship
  • Tehran Province villages
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