ارزیابی اکوسیستم کارآفرینی گردشگری روستایی (مورد مطالعه: استان تهران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

کارآفرینی در گردشگری روستایی یکی اهرم‌های توسعه روستایی است که به عنوان راه‌حلی برای برخی از مسائل روستاییان همواره موردتوجه بوده است. بر این اساس، هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی اکوسیستم کارآفرینی گردشگری در روستاهای استان تهران و شناخت مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه آن است. پژوهش از نوع پیمایشی است که با روش توصیفی - تحلیلی انجام گرفته و ابزار اصلی جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، پرسش‌نامه و جامعه آماری «صاحبان کسب‌وکار روستایی»، «مدیران روستایی» و «خبرگان و متخصصان» تکمیل شده است. در ارتباط با توسعه اکوسیستم کارآفرینی در گردشگری روستایی، نتایج نشان داد هر سه گروه صاحبان کسب‌وکار، مدیران روستایی و خبرگان، بعد اقتصادی را مهم‌ترین بعد دانسته و نتایج مدل تحلیل عاملی در ارزیابی مهم‌ترین شاخص‌های مؤثر بر توسعه اکوسیستم کارآفرینی در گردشگری روستایی از طریق خلاصه‌سازی 24 شاخص مورد بررسی به 5 عامل، مهم‌ترین شاخص را در توسعه اکوسیستم کارآفرینی در گردشگری روستایی، شاخص «سرمایه‌گذاری» تعیین می‌کند. سایر شاخص‌های عامل اول شامل مشارکت، سرمایه‌گذار، دسترسی (بازار یا اقتصادی)، دولتی، آگاهی و آموزشی (سیاستی) می‌شود. بر این اساس می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که مهم‌ترین لازمه‌ تحقق توسعه کارآفرینی گردشگری در روستاهای موردمطالعه، نیاز به همکاری دو گروه سرمایه‌گذار (برای سرمایه‌گذاری و بازاریابی) و دولت (برای ارائه آموزش و افزایش آگاهی) در بستر روستاهای دارای قابلیت کارآفرینی گردشگری و مشارکت با ساکنان این روستاها است.

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