واکاوی شاخص‌ها و الگوهای ذهنی غالب متخصصان در ادراک بصری مردم از سیمای محیط روستایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

سیمای محیط به عنوان بخشی از منظر روستایی، تعریف‌کننده شخصیت عملکردی فضاها است که در ادراک بصری افراد از محیط روستایی نقش موثری دارد. همانطور که در فرآیند شکل‌گیری منظر، محیط داخلی زندگی انسان بایستی از کیفیت لازم برخوردار باشد محیط بیرونی آن نیز می‌بایست معیارهای لازم بصری را داشته باشد. لذا به منظور بهبود سیمای روستایی، شناسایی معیارهای مؤثر بر ادارک بصری مردم از محیط روستایی هدف انجام این پژوهش است. این پژوهش دارای روش آمیخته (کمی-کیفی) است که بر حسب هدف بنیادی، به لحاظ ماهیت پژوهش اکتشافی و از حیث گردآوری داده‌ها، توصیفی پیمایشی است. جامعه مورد مطالعه 21 متخصص در حوزه معماری، شهرسازی و روستایی است که از طریق پرسشنامه حاصل از تحلیل محتوای اسنادی و پیمایش دلفی به صورت غیرتصادفی شبکه‌ای مورد پرسشگری قرار گرفتند. شاخص‌های استخراجی مراحل دلفی، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS و از طریق تحلیل عامل کیو و محاسبه میانگین وزنی و انحراف معیار مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد چهار الگوی ذهنی غالب برای متخصصین به ترتیب اولویت شامل: زیبایی منظره، انسجام ساختاری، وضوح‌پذیری و خوانش محیط است که بیشترین درصد واریانس تبیین‌شده، مربوط به عامل زیبایی منظره با 568/35 % بوده که حاکی از اهمیت و ارجعیت این عامل دارد. از میان شاخص‌های مطرح‌شده در این الگوهای ذهنی نیز، به ترتیب شاخص‌های نشانه (619/7)، چشم‌انداز (476/7) و فرم (381/7) بیشترین میانگین وزنی و بیشترین تأثیر را از دیدگاه جامعه متخصصین در ادراک بصری مردم از سیمای محیط روستا دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Indicators and Subjective Patterns of the Majority of Experts in People's Visual Perception of the Rural Environment Appearance

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jamal-e-Din Mahdi Nejad 1
  • Ali Sharghi 1
  • Faezeh Asadpour 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
2 PhD Student, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The environment appearance as part of the rural landscape defining the functional personality of the spaces plays an effective role in people's visual perception of the rural environment. Just as in the process of landscape formation, the interior environment of human life must have the necessary quality; its external environment must also have the necessary visual criteria. The present research employs a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) method which is fundamental in terms of goal, exploratory in terms of nature, and a descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The population under study consisted of 21 experts in the field of architecture, urbanization, and rural planning, interviewed using a questionnaire resulted from document content analysis and Delphi survey non-randomly targeted. The extraction indices of the third round of the Delphi were analyzed using SPSS software and through Q Factor Analysis and calculating the weight mean and standard deviation. The results showed that the four dominant subjective patterns for the experts in order of priority include: landscape beauty, readability, clarity, and reading environment, and the highest percentage of explained variance is related to the landscape beauty factor with 35.556%, indicating the importance and priority of this factor. Among the indicators proposed in these subjective patterns, sign (7.619), landscape (7.476) and form (7.381) also had respectively the highest weight mean and the highest impact from the point of view of the community of experts on people's visual perception of the image of the village environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Visual Perception
  • Village Landscape
  • Environment Appearance
  • Rural
  • Q Factor Analysis
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