طراحی مدل برنامه‌ریزی ریاضی جهت بهینه‌سازی شاخص‌ فقر FGT در مناطق روستایی شهرستان بهبهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان. ملاثانی، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از مهم‌ترین عواملی که باعث بهبود اغلب شاخص‌های فقر می‌شود، افزایش درآمد جامعه موردبررسی است. در بخش کشاورزی، این مهم از طریق مدیریت صحیح منابع و با انتخاب الگوی کشت مناسب قابل دستیابی است. مطالعه حاضر، به ارائه مدل برنامه‌ریزی ریاضی پرداخته که هدف آن بهینه‌سازی شاخص فقر فوستر، گریر و توربک (FGT) از طریق ایجاد درآمد بالاتر با ارائه الگوی کشت بهینه است. جهت بررسی توانایی مدل پیشنهادی، مناطق روستایی سردشت، لنگیرات، حومه، دودانگه و تشان از توابع شهرستان بهبهان انتخاب شدند. برای محاسبه خط فقر، از روش نیاز به کالری روزانه که از ماتریس عملکرد تغذیه‌ای برآورد می‌شود، استفاده گردید. داده‌های موردنیاز از طریق مراکز خدمات جهاد کشاورزی این شهرستان در سال زراعی 97-1396 و مرکز آمار ایران جمع‌آوری و توسط نرم‌افزارهای Excel و GAMS مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در الگوی پیشنهادی، ضمن افزایش سود به میزان 47/10 درصد، سطح زیرکشت محصولات گندم و یونجه کاهش و سطح زیرکشت هندوانه و چغندرقند افزایش یافته است. در این الگو، میزان آب مصرفی نیز در حدود 5/0درصد کاهش یافت. همچنین با میانگین‌گیری از شاخص FGT در دو الگوی جاری و بهینه، مشخص گردید که مقدار عددی این شاخص (مقدار تابع هدف) در کل شهرستان از 47/3 به 03/0 واحد کاهش یافته است. بنابراین، الگوی بهینه ضمن افزایش درآمد کشاورزان، موجبات کاهش فقر و همچنین کاهش استفاده از نهاده کمیاب آب را فراهم نموده است. لذا ترویج الگوی بهینه به‌دست‌آمده در این مطالعه، از طریق سازمان جهاد کشاورزی توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a Mathematical Programming Model to Optimize the FGT Poverty Index in Rural Areas of Behbahan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Sayban 1
  • Abas Abdeshahi 2
  • Mostafa Mardani Najafabadi 3
1 MSc Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Molasani, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Molasani, Iran.
3 Assistance Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Molasani, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the most important factors that improve most indicators of poverty is increasing the income of the study population. In the agricultural sector, this can be achieved through proper resource management and appropriate cultivation pattern. The current study presents a mathematical programming model that aims to optimize the Foster, Greer and Turbek (FGT) poverty index by generating higher income by providing an optimal cultivation model. To evaluate the ability of the proposed model, rural areas of Sardasht, Langirat suburbs, Dodangeh and Tashan were selected from Behbahan city. To calculate the poverty line, the method of daily caloric requirement, which is estimated from the nutritional performance matrix, was used. The required data were collected through the Jihad Agricultural Service Centers of this city in the 2017-2018 crop year and the Statistics Center of Iran and analyzed by Excel and GAMS software. The results showed that in the proposed model, while profits increased by 10.47%, the area under wheat and alfalfa decreased and the area under watermelon and sugar beet increased. In this model, the amount of water consumed decreased by about 0.5%. Also, by averaging the FGT index in both current and optimal models, it was found that the numerical value of this index (the value of the objective function) in the whole city has decreased from 3.47 to 0.03. Therefore, the optimal model, while increasing farmers' incomes, has reduced poverty and also reduced the use of scarce water inputs. Therefore, promoting the optimal model obtained in this study is recommended by the Agricultural Jihad Organization.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cropping Pattern
  • Optimization
  • Poverty
  • FGT Index
  • Behbahan

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پژوهش های روستائی
دوره 11، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 538-555

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 مهر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 شهریور 1399

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